use super::{AllocId, InterpResult};

use crate::ty::layout::{self, HasDataLayout, Size};

use rustc_macros::HashStable;

use std::convert::TryFrom;
use std::fmt::{self, Display};

/// Used by `check_in_alloc` to indicate context of check
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable, HashStable)]
pub enum CheckInAllocMsg {
    MemoryAccessTest,
    NullPointerTest,
    PointerArithmeticTest,
    InboundsTest,
}

impl Display for CheckInAllocMsg {
    /// When this is printed as an error the context looks like this
    /// "{test name} failed: pointer must be in-bounds at offset..."
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(
            f,
            "{}",
            match *self {
                CheckInAllocMsg::MemoryAccessTest => "Memory access",
                CheckInAllocMsg::NullPointerTest => "Null pointer test",
                CheckInAllocMsg::PointerArithmeticTest => "Pointer arithmetic",
                CheckInAllocMsg::InboundsTest => "Inbounds test",
            }
        )
    }
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Pointer arithmetic
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

pub trait PointerArithmetic: layout::HasDataLayout {
    // These are not supposed to be overridden.

    #[inline(always)]
    fn pointer_size(&self) -> Size {
        self.data_layout().pointer_size
    }

    #[inline]
    fn usize_max(&self) -> u64 {
        let max_usize_plus_1 = 1u128 << self.pointer_size().bits();
        u64::try_from(max_usize_plus_1 - 1).unwrap()
    }

    #[inline]
    fn isize_max(&self) -> i64 {
        let max_isize_plus_1 = 1u128 << (self.pointer_size().bits() - 1);
        i64::try_from(max_isize_plus_1 - 1).unwrap()
    }

    /// Helper function: truncate given value-"overflowed flag" pair to pointer size and
    /// update "overflowed flag" if there was an overflow.
    /// This should be called by all the other methods before returning!
    #[inline]
    fn truncate_to_ptr(&self, (val, over): (u64, bool)) -> (u64, bool) {
        let val = val as u128;
        let max_ptr_plus_1 = 1u128 << self.pointer_size().bits();
        ((val % max_ptr_plus_1) as u64, over || val >= max_ptr_plus_1)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn overflowing_offset(&self, val: u64, i: u64) -> (u64, bool) {
        let res = val.overflowing_add(i);
        self.truncate_to_ptr(res)
    }

    // Overflow checking only works properly on the range from -u64 to +u64.
    #[inline]
    fn overflowing_signed_offset(&self, val: u64, i: i128) -> (u64, bool) {
        // FIXME: is it possible to over/underflow here?
        if i < 0 {
            // Trickery to ensure that `i64::min_value()` works fine: compute `n = -i`.
            // This formula only works for true negative values; it overflows for zero!
            let n = u64::max_value() - (i as u64) + 1;
            let res = val.overflowing_sub(n);
            self.truncate_to_ptr(res)
        } else {
            self.overflowing_offset(val, i as u64)
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn offset<'tcx>(&self, val: u64, i: u64) -> InterpResult<'tcx, u64> {
        let (res, over) = self.overflowing_offset(val, i);
        if over { throw_ub!(PointerArithOverflow) } else { Ok(res) }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn signed_offset<'tcx>(&self, val: u64, i: i64) -> InterpResult<'tcx, u64> {
        let (res, over) = self.overflowing_signed_offset(val, i128::from(i));
        if over { throw_ub!(PointerArithOverflow) } else { Ok(res) }
    }
}

impl<T: layout::HasDataLayout> PointerArithmetic for T {}

/// `Pointer` is generic over the type that represents a reference to `Allocation`s,
/// thus making it possible for the most convenient representation to be used in
/// each context.
///
/// Defaults to the index based and loosely coupled `AllocId`.
///
/// `Pointer` is also generic over the `Tag` associated with each pointer,
/// which is used to do provenance tracking during execution.
#[derive(
    Copy,
    Clone,
    Eq,
    PartialEq,
    Ord,
    PartialOrd,
    RustcEncodable,
    RustcDecodable,
    Hash,
    HashStable
)]
pub struct Pointer<Tag = (), Id = AllocId> {
    pub alloc_id: Id,
    pub offset: Size,
    pub tag: Tag,
}

static_assert_size!(Pointer, 16);

impl<Tag: fmt::Debug, Id: fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for Pointer<Tag, Id> {
    default fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{:?}+{:x}[{:?}]", self.alloc_id, self.offset.bytes(), self.tag)
    }
}
// Specialization for no tag
impl<Id: fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for Pointer<(), Id> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{:?}+{:x}", self.alloc_id, self.offset.bytes())
    }
}

/// Produces a `Pointer` that points to the beginning of the `Allocation`.
impl From<AllocId> for Pointer {
    #[inline(always)]
    fn from(alloc_id: AllocId) -> Self {
        Pointer::new(alloc_id, Size::ZERO)
    }
}

impl Pointer<()> {
    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn new(alloc_id: AllocId, offset: Size) -> Self {
        Pointer { alloc_id, offset, tag: () }
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn with_tag<Tag>(self, tag: Tag) -> Pointer<Tag> {
        Pointer::new_with_tag(self.alloc_id, self.offset, tag)
    }
}

impl<'tcx, Tag> Pointer<Tag> {
    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn new_with_tag(alloc_id: AllocId, offset: Size, tag: Tag) -> Self {
        Pointer { alloc_id, offset, tag }
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn offset(self, i: Size, cx: &impl HasDataLayout) -> InterpResult<'tcx, Self> {
        Ok(Pointer::new_with_tag(
            self.alloc_id,
            Size::from_bytes(cx.data_layout().offset(self.offset.bytes(), i.bytes())?),
            self.tag,
        ))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn overflowing_offset(self, i: Size, cx: &impl HasDataLayout) -> (Self, bool) {
        let (res, over) = cx.data_layout().overflowing_offset(self.offset.bytes(), i.bytes());
        (Pointer::new_with_tag(self.alloc_id, Size::from_bytes(res), self.tag), over)
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn wrapping_offset(self, i: Size, cx: &impl HasDataLayout) -> Self {
        self.overflowing_offset(i, cx).0
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn signed_offset(self, i: i64, cx: &impl HasDataLayout) -> InterpResult<'tcx, Self> {
        Ok(Pointer::new_with_tag(
            self.alloc_id,
            Size::from_bytes(cx.data_layout().signed_offset(self.offset.bytes(), i)?),
            self.tag,
        ))
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn overflowing_signed_offset(self, i: i128, cx: &impl HasDataLayout) -> (Self, bool) {
        let (res, over) = cx.data_layout().overflowing_signed_offset(self.offset.bytes(), i);
        (Pointer::new_with_tag(self.alloc_id, Size::from_bytes(res), self.tag), over)
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn wrapping_signed_offset(self, i: i64, cx: &impl HasDataLayout) -> Self {
        self.overflowing_signed_offset(i128::from(i), cx).0
    }

    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn erase_tag(self) -> Pointer {
        Pointer { alloc_id: self.alloc_id, offset: self.offset, tag: () }
    }

    /// Test if the pointer is "inbounds" of an allocation of the given size.
    /// A pointer is "inbounds" even if its offset is equal to the size; this is
    /// a "one-past-the-end" pointer.
    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn check_inbounds_alloc(
        self,
        allocation_size: Size,
        msg: CheckInAllocMsg,
    ) -> InterpResult<'tcx, ()> {
        if self.offset > allocation_size {
            throw_unsup!(PointerOutOfBounds { ptr: self.erase_tag(), msg, allocation_size })
        } else {
            Ok(())
        }
    }
}
