cargo bench

NAME

cargo-bench - Execute benchmarks of a package

SYNOPSIS

cargo bench [OPTIONS] [BENCHNAME] [-- BENCH-OPTIONS]

DESCRIPTION

Compile and execute benchmarks.

The benchmark filtering argument BENCHNAME and all the arguments following the two dashes (--) are passed to the benchmark binaries and thus to libtest (rustc’s built in unit-test and micro-benchmarking framework). If you’re passing arguments to both Cargo and the binary, the ones after -- go to the binary, the ones before go to Cargo. For details about libtest’s arguments see the output of cargo bench — --help. As an example, this will run only the benchmark named foo (and skip other similarly named benchmarks like foobar):

cargo bench -- foo --exact

Benchmarks are built with the --test option to rustc which creates an executable with a main function that automatically runs all functions annotated with the #[bench] attribute. The libtest harness may be disabled by setting harness = false in the target manifest settings, in which case your code will need to provide its own main function to handle running benchmarks.

OPTIONS

Benchmark Options

--no-run

Compile, but don’t run benchmarks.

--no-fail-fast

Run all benchmarks regardless of failure. Without this flag, Cargo will exit after the first executable fails. The Rust test harness will run all benchmarks within the executable to completion, this flag only applies to the executable as a whole.

Package Selection

By default, when no package selection options are given, the packages selected depend on the current working directory. In the root of a virtual workspace, all workspace members are selected (--all is implied). Otherwise, only the package in the current directory will be selected. The default packages may be overridden with the workspace.default-members key in the root Cargo.toml manifest.

-p SPEC…​
--package SPEC…​

Benchmark only the specified packages. See cargo-pkgid(1) for the SPEC format. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--all

Benchmark all members in the workspace.

--exclude SPEC…​

Exclude the specified packages. Must be used in conjunction with the --all flag. This flag may be specified multiple times.

Target Selection

When no target selection options are given, cargo bench will build the following targets of the selected packages:

  • lib – used to link with binaries and benchmarks

  • bins (only if benchmark targets are built and required features are available)

  • lib as a benchmark

  • bins as benchmarks

  • benchmark targets

The default behavior can be changed by setting the bench flag for the target in the manifest settings. Setting examples to bench = true will build and run the example as a benchmark. Setting targets to bench = false will stop them from being benchmarked by default. Target selection options that take a target by name ignore the bench flag and will always benchmark the given target.

Passing target selection flags will benchmark only the specified targets.

--lib

Benchmark the package’s library.

--bin NAME…​

Benchmark the specified binary. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--bins

Benchmark all binary targets.

--example NAME…​

Benchmark the specified example. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--examples

Benchmark all example targets.

--test NAME…​

Benchmark the specified integration test. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--tests

Benchmark all tests. This includes both unit tests for libraries and binaries and integration tests. Targets may be disabled by setting test = false in the manifest settings for the target. Targets (such as examples) may be explicitly included by setting test = true in the target settings.

--bench NAME…​

Benchmark the specified benchmark. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--benches

Benchmark all benchmarks. This includes both unit benchmarks for libraries and binaries and bench targets. Targets may be disabled by setting bench = false in the manifest settings for the target. Targets (such as examples) may be explicitly included by setting bench = true in the target settings.

--all-targets

Benchmark all targets.

Feature Selection

When no feature options are given, the default feature is activated for every selected package.

--features FEATURES

Space or comma separated list of features to activate. These features only apply to the current directory’s package. Features of direct dependencies may be enabled with <dep-name>/<feature-name> syntax.

--all-features

Activate all available features of all selected packages.

--no-default-features

Do not activate the default feature of the current directory’s package.

Compilation Options

--target TRIPLE

Benchmark for the given architecture. The default is the host architecture.

The general format of the triple is <arch><sub>-<vendor>-<sys>-<abi> where:

  • arch = The base CPU architecture, for example x86_64, i686, arm, thumb, mips, etc.

  • sub = The CPU sub-architecture, for example arm has v7, v7s, v5te, etc.

  • vendor = The vendor, for example unknown, apple, pc, linux, etc.

  • sys = The system name, for example linux, windows, etc. none is typically used for bare-metal without an OS.

  • abi = The ABI, for example gnu, android, eabi, etc.

Some parameters may be omitted. Run rustc --print target-list for a list of supported targets.

This may also be specified with the build.target config value.

Output Options

--target-dir DIRECTORY

Directory for all generated artifacts and intermediate files. May also be specified with the CARGO_TARGET_DIR environment variable, or the build.target-dir config value. Defaults to target in the root of the workspace.

Display Options

By default the Rust test harness hides output from benchmark execution to keep results readable. Benchmark output can be recovered (e.g. for debugging) by passing --nocapture to the benchmark binaries:

cargo bench -- --nocapture
-v
--verbose

Use verbose output. May be specified twice for "very verbose" output which includes extra output such as dependency warnings and build script output. May also be specified with the term.verbose config value.

-q
--quiet

No output printed to stdout.

--color WHEN

Control when colored output is used. Valid values:

  • auto (default): Automatically detect if color support is available on the terminal.

  • always: Always display colors.

  • never: Never display colors.

May also be specified with the term.color config value.

--message-format FMT

The output format for diagnostic messages. Valid values:

  • human (default): Display in a human-readable text format.

  • json: Emit JSON messages to stdout.

  • short: Emit shorter, human-readable text messages.

Manifest Options

--manifest-path PATH

Path to the Cargo.toml file. By default, Cargo searches in the current directory or any parent directory for the Cargo.toml file.

--frozen
--locked

Either of these flags requires that the Cargo.lock file is up-to-date. If the lock file is missing, or it needs to be updated, Cargo will exit with an error. The --frozen flag also prevents Cargo from attempting to access the network to determine if it is out-of-date.

These may be used in environments where you want to assert that the Cargo.lock file is up-to-date (such as a CI build) or want to avoid network access.

Common Options

-h
--help

Prints help information.

-Z FLAG…​

Unstable (nightly-only) flags to Cargo. Run cargo -Z help for details.

Miscellaneous Options

The --jobs argument affects the building of the benchmark executable but does not affect how many threads are used when running the benchmarks. The Rust test harness runs benchmarks serially in a single thread.

-j N
--jobs N

Number of parallel jobs to run. May also be specified with the build.jobs config value. Defaults to the number of CPUs.

PROFILES

Profiles may be used to configure compiler options such as optimization levels and debug settings. See the reference for more details.

Benchmarks are always built with the bench profile. Binary and lib targets are built separately as benchmarks with the bench profile. Library targets are built with the release profiles when linked to binaries and benchmarks. Dependencies use the release profile.

If you need a debug build of a benchmark, try building it with cargo-build(1) which will use the test profile which is by default unoptimized and includes debug information. You can then run the debug-enabled benchmark manually.

ENVIRONMENT

See the reference for details on environment variables that Cargo reads.

Exit Status

0

Cargo succeeded.

101

Cargo failed to complete.

EXAMPLES

  1. Build and execute all the benchmarks of the current package:

    cargo bench

  2. Run only a specific benchmark within a specific benchmark target:

    cargo bench --bench bench_name -- modname::some_benchmark

SEE ALSO

cargo(1), cargo-test(1)