# Class AngleFormat

Object
Format
AngleFormat

All Implemented Interfaces:
  `Serializable`, `Cloneable`, `Localized`

public class AngleFormat extends Format implements Localized
Parses and formats angles according a specified pattern. The pattern is a string containing any characters, with a special meaning for the following characters:

Reserved characters
Symbol | Meaning
--- | ---
`D` | The integer part of degrees
`d` | The fractional part of degrees
`M` | The integer part of minutes
`m` | The fractional part of minutes
`S` | The integer part of seconds
`s` | The fractional part of seconds
`#` | Fraction digits shown only if non-zero
`.` | The decimal separator
`?` | Omit the preceding field if zero

Upper-case letters `D`, `M` and `S` stand for the integer parts of degrees, minutes and seconds respectively. If present, they shall appear in that order.
Example: "`M′D`" is illegal because "`M`" and "`S`" are in reverse order. "`D°S`" is also illegal because "`M`" is missing between "`D`" and "`S`".
Lower-case letters `d`, `m` and `s` stand for fractional parts of degrees, minutes and seconds respectively. Only one of those can appear in a pattern. If present, they must be in the last field.
Example: "`D​.dd°MM′`" is illegal because "`d`" is followed by "`M`". "`D​.mm`" is also illegal because "`m`" is not the fractional part of "`D`".
The number of occurrences of `D`, `M`, `S` and their lower-case counterpart is the number of digits to format.
Example: "`DD​.ddd`" will format angles with two digits for the integer part and three digits for the fractional part (e.g. `4.4578` will be formatted as `"04.458"`).
Separator characters like `°`, `′` and `″` are inserted "as-is" in the formatted string, except the decimal separator dot (`.`) which is replaced by the local-dependent decimal separator. Separator characters may be completely omitted; `AngleFormat` will still differentiate degrees, minutes and seconds fields according the pattern.
Example: "`0480439`" with the "`DDDMMmm`" pattern will be parsed as 48°04.39′.
The `?` modifier specifies that the preceding field can be omitted if its value is zero. Any field can be omitted for `Angle` object, but only trailing fields are omitted for `Longitude` and `Latitude`.
Example: "`DD°MM′?SS″?`" will format an angle of 12.01° as `12°36″`, but a longitude of 12.01°N as `12°00′36″N` (not `12°36″N`).
The above special case exists because some kind of angles are expected to be very small (e.g. rotation angles in Bursa-Wolf parameters are given in arc-seconds), while longitude and latitude values are usually distributed over their full ±180° or ±90° range. Since longitude or latitude values without the degrees field are unusual, omitting that field is likely to increase the risk of confusion in those cases.

Pattern examples
Pattern | 48.5 | -12.53125
--- | --- | ---
`DD°MM′SS.#″` | 48°30′00″ | -12°31′52.5″
`DD°MM′` | 48°30′ | -12°32′
`DD.ddd` | 48.500 | -12.531
`DD.###` | 48.5 | -12.531
`DDMM` | 4830 | -1232
`DDMMSSs` | 4830000 | -1231525
`DD°MM′?SS.s″?` | 48°30′ | -12°31′52.5″

Since:
  0.3
See Also:
  - `Angle`
  - `Latitude`
  - `Longitude`
  - `CoordinateFormat`
  - Serialized Form

- ## Nested Class Summary

  Nested Classes
  Modifier and Type
  Class
  Description
  `static final class`
  `AngleFormat​.Field`
  Constants that are used as attribute keys in the iterator returned from `formatToCharacterIterator(Object)`.

- ## Constructor Summary

  Constructors
  Constructor
  Description
  `AngleFormat()`
  Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the current default locale.
  `AngleFormat(String pattern)`
  Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the specified pattern and the current default locale.
  `AngleFormat(String pattern, Locale locale)`
  Constructs a new `AngleFormat` using the specified pattern and locale.
  `AngleFormat(Locale locale)`
  Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the specified locale.

- ## Method Summary

  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `void`
  `applyPattern(String pattern)`
  Sets the pattern to use for parsing and formatting angles.
  `AngleFormat`
  `clone()`
  Returns a clone of this `AngleFormat`.
  `boolean`
  `equals(Object object)`
  Compares this format with the specified object for equality.
  `final String`
  `format(double angle)`
  Formats an angle.
  `StringBuffer`
  `format(double angle, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition pos)`
  Formats an angle in the given buffer.
  `StringBuffer`
  `format(Object value, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition pos)`
  Formats an angle, latitude or longitude value in the given buffer.
  `AttributedCharacterIterator`
  `formatToCharacterIterator(Object value)`
  Formats an angle, latitude or longitude value as an attributed character iterator.
  `static AngleFormat`
  `getInstance()`
  Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the current default locale.
  `static AngleFormat`
  `getInstance(Locale locale)`
  Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the specified locale.
  `Locale`
  `getLocale()`
  Returns this formatter locale.
  `int`
  `getMaximumFractionDigits()`
  Returns the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field.
  `int`
  `getMinimumFractionDigits()`
  Returns the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field.
  `double`
  `getPrecision()`
  Returns the precision of angles formatted by current pattern, in decimal degrees.
  `RoundingMode`
  `getRoundingMode()`
  Returns the rounding mode.
  `int`
  `hashCode()`
  Returns a "hash value" for this object.
  `boolean`
  `isFallbackAllowed()`
  Returns `true` if the `parse` methods are allowed to fallback on the build-in default symbols if the string to parse doesn't match the applied pattern.
  `Angle`
  `parse(String source)`
  Parses the given string as an angle.
  `Angle`
  `parse(String source, ParsePosition pos)`
  Parses the given string as an angle.
  `Object`
  `parseObject(String source)`
  Parses the given string as an object.
  `Object`
  `parseObject(String source, ParsePosition pos)`
  Parses a substring as an object.
  `void`
  `setFallbackAllowed(boolean allowed)`
  Sets whether the `parse` methods are allowed to fallback on the build-in default symbols if the string to parse doesn't match the applied pattern.
  `void`
  `setMaximumFractionDigits(int count)`
  Sets the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field.
  `void`
  `setMaximumWidth(int width)`
  Modifies, if needed, the pattern in order to fit formatted angles in the given maximum total width.
  `void`
  `setMinimumFractionDigits(int count)`
  Sets the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field.
  `void`
  `setPrecision(double resolution, boolean allowFieldChanges)`
  Adjusts the number of fraction digits, and optionally the visible fields, for the given precision.
  `void`
  `setRoundingMode(RoundingMode mode)`
  Sets the rounding mode to the specified value.
  `String`
  `toPattern()`
  Returns the pattern used for parsing and formatting angles.
  `String`
  `toString()`
  Returns a string representation of this object for debugging purpose.

  ### Methods inherited from class Format

  `format`

  ### Methods inherited from class Object

  `finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

- ## Constructor Details

  - ### AngleFormat

    public AngleFormat()
    Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the current default locale.

  - ### AngleFormat

    public AngleFormat(Locale locale)
    Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the specified locale.
    Parameters:
      `locale` - the locale to use.

  - ### AngleFormat

    public AngleFormat(String pattern) throws IllegalArgumentException
    Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the specified pattern and the current default locale.
    Parameters:
      `pattern` - the pattern to use for parsing and formatting angles. See class description for an explanation of pattern syntax.
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if the specified pattern is illegal.

  - ### AngleFormat

    public AngleFormat(String pattern, Locale locale) throws IllegalArgumentException
    Constructs a new `AngleFormat` using the specified pattern and locale.
    Parameters:
      `pattern` - the pattern to use for parsing and formatting angles. See class description for an explanation of pattern syntax.
      `locale` - the locale to use.
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if the specified pattern is illegal.

- ## Method Details

  - ### getInstance

    public static AngleFormat getInstance()
    Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the current default locale.
    Returns:
      an angle format for the current default locale.

  - ### getInstance

    public static AngleFormat getInstance(Locale locale)
    Constructs a new `AngleFormat` for the default pattern and the specified locale.
    Parameters:
      `locale` - the locale to use.
    Returns:
      an angle format for the given locale.

  - ### applyPattern

    public void applyPattern(String pattern) throws IllegalArgumentException
    Sets the pattern to use for parsing and formatting angles. See class description for a description of pattern syntax.
    Parameters:
      `pattern` - the pattern to use for parsing and formatting angle.
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if the specified pattern is not legal.
    See Also:
      - `setMinimumFractionDigits(int)`
      - `setMaximumFractionDigits(int)`

  - ### toPattern

    public String toPattern()
    Returns the pattern used for parsing and formatting angles. See class description for an explanation of how patterns work.
    Returns:
      the formatting pattern.
    See Also:
      - `getMinimumFractionDigits()`
      - `getMaximumFractionDigits()`

  - ### getRoundingMode

    public RoundingMode getRoundingMode()
    Returns the rounding mode. Default value is `RoundingMode​.HALF_EVEN`.
    Returns:
      the rounding mode.
    Since:
      0.8
    See Also:
      - `NumberFormat​.getRoundingMode()`

  - ### setRoundingMode

    public void setRoundingMode(RoundingMode mode)
    Sets the rounding mode to the specified value. The given mode can be one of the following:

    Supported rounding modes
    Rounding mode | Result
    --- | ---
    `UP` | Round away from zero.
    `DOWN` | Round towards zero.
    `CEILING` | Round towards positive infinity.
    `FLOOR` | Round towards negative infinity.
    `HALF_EVEN` | Round towards nearest neighbor.

    The `RoundingMode​.HALF_UP` and `HALF_DOWN` values are not supported by the current `AngleFormat` implementation.
    Parameters:
      `mode` - the new rounding mode.
    Since:
      0.8
    See Also:
      - `NumberFormat​.setRoundingMode(RoundingMode)`

  - ### getPrecision

    public double getPrecision()
    Returns the precision of angles formatted by current pattern, in decimal degrees. For example if the angle pattern is "D°MM′", then this method returns 1/60.
    Returns:
      precision in decimal degrees of angles formatted by current pattern.
    Since:
      1.1

  - ### setPrecision

    public void setPrecision(double resolution, boolean allowFieldChanges)
    Adjusts the number of fraction digits, and optionally the visible fields, for the given precision. If the `allowFieldChanges` argument is `false`, then this method adjusts only the minimum and maximum fraction digits in order to show angles with at least the specified precision. But if the `allowFieldChanges` argument is `true`, then this method may change the set of fields (degrees, minutes or seconds) to show before to adjust the number of fraction digits. In that case, this method selects the first row in the following table where the precision matches the condition:

    Selected fields for given precision
    Precision | Fields
    --- | ---
    ≥ 1° | D°
    ≥ ⅒° | D.d°
    ≥ 1′ | D°MM′
    ≥ ⅒′ | D°MM.m′
    ≥ 1″ | D°MM′SS″
    ≥ ⅒″ | D°MM′SS.s″
    other | D°MM′SS.ss…″

    Parameters:
      `resolution` - the desired angle resolution, in decimal degrees.
      `allowFieldChanges` - whether this method is allowed to change the set of fields (degrees, minutes or seconds).
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if the given resolution is NaN or infinite.
    Since:
      1.0

  - ### getMinimumFractionDigits

    public int getMinimumFractionDigits()
    Returns the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field. This value can be set by the repetition of `'d'`, `'m'` or `'s'` symbol in the pattern.
    Returns:
      the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion.
    See Also:
      - `DecimalFormat​.getMinimumFractionDigits()`

  - ### setMinimumFractionDigits

    public void setMinimumFractionDigits(int count)
    Sets the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field. If the given value is greater than the maximum number of fraction digits, then that maximum number will be set to the given value too.
    Parameters:
      `count` - the minimum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion.
    See Also:
      - `DecimalFormat​.setMinimumFractionDigits(int)`

  - ### getMaximumFractionDigits

    public int getMaximumFractionDigits()
    Returns the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field. This value can be set by the repetition of `'#'` symbol in the pattern.
    Returns:
      the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion.
    See Also:
      - `DecimalFormat​.getMaximumFractionDigits()`

  - ### setMaximumFractionDigits

    public void setMaximumFractionDigits(int count)
    Sets the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion of the last field. If the given value is smaller than the minimum number of fraction digits, then that minimum number will be set to the given value too.
    Parameters:
      `count` - the maximum number of digits allowed in the fraction portion.
    See Also:
      - `DecimalFormat​.setMaximumFractionDigits(int)`

  - ### setMaximumWidth

    public void setMaximumWidth(int width)
    Modifies, if needed, the pattern in order to fit formatted angles in the given maximum total width. This method applies zero, one or more of the following changes, in that order:
    1. If needed, reduce the maximum number of fraction digits.
    2. If omitting all fraction digits would not be sufficient for fitting a formatted angle in the given width, remove the seconds field (if any) from the pattern.
    3. If the above changes are not sufficient, remove the minutes field (if any) from the pattern.
    4. If the above changes are not sufficient, set the minimal width of degrees field to 1.
    Note that despite the above changes, formatted angles may still be larger than the given width if that width is small, or if the formatted angles are too large in magnitude.

    This method does not take into account the space needed for the hemisphere symbol when formatting `Latitude` or `Longitude` objects.

    Parameters:
      `width` - the maximum total width of formatted angle.

  - ### format

    public final String format(double angle)
    Formats an angle. The angle will be formatted according the pattern given to the last call of `applyPattern(String)`.
    Parameters:
      `angle` - angle to format, in decimal degrees.
    Returns:
      the formatted string.

  - ### format

    public StringBuffer format(double angle, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition pos)
    Formats an angle in the given buffer. The angle will be formatted according the pattern given to the last call of `applyPattern(String)`.
    Parameters:
      `angle` - angle to format, in decimal degrees.
      `toAppendTo` - the buffer where to append the formatted angle.
      `pos` - an optional object where to store the position of the field in the formatted text, or `null` if this information is not wanted. This field position shall be created with one of the `AngleFormat​.Field` constants.
    Returns:
      the `toAppendTo` buffer, returned for method calls chaining.

  - ### format

    public StringBuffer format(Object value, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition pos) throws IllegalArgumentException
    Formats an angle, latitude or longitude value in the given buffer. The angular values will be formatted according the pattern given to the last call of `applyPattern(String)`, with some variations that depend on the `value` class:
    - If `value` is a `Latitude` instance, then the value is formatted as a positive angle followed by the "N" (positive value) or "S" (negative value) symbol.
    - If `value` is a `Longitude` instance, then the value is formatted as a positive angle followed by the "E" (positive value) or "W" (negative value) symbol.
    - If `value` is any `Angle` other than a `Latitude` or `Longitude`, then it is formatted as by the `format(double, StringBuffer, FieldPosition)` method.
    Specified by:
      `format` in class `Format`
    Parameters:
      `value` - `Angle` object to format.
      `toAppendTo` - the buffer where to append the formatted angle.
      `pos` - an optional object where to store the position of the field in the formatted text, or `null` if this information is not wanted. This field position shall be created with one of the `AngleFormat​.Field` constants.
    Returns:
      the `toAppendTo` buffer, returned for method calls chaining.
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if `value` if not an instance of `Angle`.

  - ### formatToCharacterIterator

    public AttributedCharacterIterator formatToCharacterIterator(Object value)
    Formats an angle, latitude or longitude value as an attributed character iterator. Callers can iterate and queries the attribute values as in the following example:

        AttributedCharacterIterator it = angleFormat.formatToCharacterIterator(myAngle);
        for (char c=it.first(); c!=AttributedCharacterIterator.DONE; c=c.next()) {
            // 'c' is a character from the formatted string.
            if (it.getAttribute(AngleFormat.Field.MINUTES) != null) {
                // If we enter this block, then the character 'c' is part of the minutes field,
                // This field extends from it.getRunStart(MINUTES) to it.getRunLimit(MINUTES).
            }
        }

    Alternatively, if the current iterator index is before the start of the minutes field, then the starting position of that field can be obtained directly by `it​.getRunLimit(MINUTES)`. If the current iterator index is inside the minutes field, then the above method call will rather returns the end of that field. The same strategy works for other all fields too.

    The returned character iterator contains all `NumberFormat​.Field` attributes in addition to the `AngleFormat​.Field` ones. Consequently, the same character may have more than one attribute. For example, when formatting 45°30′15.0″N, then:

    - The `45°` part has the `AngleFormat​.Field​.DEGREES` attribute.
    - The `30′` part has the `AngleFormat​.Field​.MINUTES` attribute.
    - The `15.0″` part has the `AngleFormat​.Field​.SECONDS` attribute.
    - The `N` part has the `AngleFormat​.Field​.HEMISPHERE` attribute.
    - The `45`, `30` and `15` parts have the `NumberFormat​.Field​.INTEGER` attribute.
    - The `.` part has the `NumberFormat​.Field​.DECIMAL_SEPARATOR` attribute.
    - The last `0` part has the `NumberFormat​.Field​.FRACTION` attribute.
    In Apache SIS implementation, the returned character iterator also implements the `CharSequence` interface for convenience.
    Overrides:
      `formatToCharacterIterator` in class `Format`
    Parameters:
      `value` - the `Angle` object to format.
    Returns:
      a character iterator together with the attributes describing the formatted value.
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if `value` if not an instance of `Angle`.

  - ### parse

    public Angle parse(String source, ParsePosition pos)
    Parses the given string as an angle. This method can parse the string even if it is not strictly compliant to the expected pattern. For example if `isFallbackAllowed()` is `true`, then this method will parse "`48°12.34'`" correctly even if the expected pattern was "`DDMM​.mm`" (i.e. the string should have been "`4812.34`").

    If the given string ends with a "N" or "S" hemisphere symbol, then this method returns an instance of `Latitude`. Otherwise if the string ends with a "E" or "W" symbol, then this method returns an instance of `Longitude`. Otherwise this method returns an instance of `Angle`.

    This method is stricter than the `parse(String)` method regarding whitespaces between the degrees, minutes and seconds fields. This is because whitespaces could be used as a separator for other kinds of values. If the string is known to contain only an angle value, use `parse(String)` instead.

    Parameters:
      `source` - the string to parse.
      `pos` - on input, index of the first `source` character to read. On output, index after the last parsed character.
    Returns:
      the parsed string as an `Angle`, `Latitude` or `Longitude` object.
    See Also:
      - `isFallbackAllowed()`

  - ### parse

    public Angle parse(String source) throws ParseException
    Parses the given string as an angle. This full string is expected to represents an angle value. This assumption allows `parse(String)` to be more tolerant than `parse(String, ParsePosition)` regarding white spaces between degrees, minutes and seconds fields.
    Parameters:
      `source` - the string to parse.
    Returns:
      the parsed string as an `Angle`, `Latitude` or `Longitude` object.
    Throws:
      `ParseException` - if the string cannot be fully parsed.
    See Also:
      - `isFallbackAllowed()`

  - ### parseObject

    public Object parseObject(String source, ParsePosition pos)
    Parses a substring as an object. The default implementation delegates to `parse(String, ParsePosition)`.
    Specified by:
      `parseObject` in class `Format`
    Parameters:
      `source` - the string to parse.
      `pos` - the position where to start parsing.
    Returns:
      the parsed string as an `Angle`, `Latitude` or `Longitude` object.

  - ### parseObject

    public Object parseObject(String source) throws ParseException
    Parses the given string as an object. The default implementation delegates to `parse(String)`.
    Overrides:
      `parseObject` in class `Format`
    Parameters:
      `source` - the string to parse.
    Returns:
      the parsed string as an `Angle`, `Latitude` or `Longitude` object.
    Throws:
      `ParseException` - if the string cannot be fully parsed.

  - ### isFallbackAllowed

    public boolean isFallbackAllowed()
    Returns `true` if the `parse` methods are allowed to fallback on the build-in default symbols if the string to parse doesn't match the applied pattern.
    Returns:
      `true` if the ASCII quote characters are allowed at parsing time.

  - ### setFallbackAllowed

    public void setFallbackAllowed(boolean allowed)
    Sets whether the `parse` methods are allowed to fallback on the build-in default symbols if the string to parse doesn't match the applied pattern. The build-in fallback is:
    - `°` (an extended-ASCII character) or space (in `parse(String)` method only) for degrees.
    - `'` (an ASCII character) or `′` (the default Unicode character) for minutes.
    - `"` (an ASCII character) or `″` (the default Unicode character) for seconds.
    The default value is `true`, because many end-users will not enter the Unicode `′` and `″` symbols. However, developers may need to set this flag to `false` if those ASCII symbols are used in a wider context (for example the `"` character for quoting strings).
    Parameters:
      `allowed` - `true` if the ASCII quote characters are allowed at parsing time.

  - ### getLocale

    public Locale getLocale()
    Returns this formatter locale. This is the locale specified at construction time if any, or the default locale at construction time otherwise.
    Specified by:
      `getLocale` in interface `Localized`
    Returns:
      this formatter locale (never `null`).

  - ### clone

    public AngleFormat clone()
    Returns a clone of this `AngleFormat`.
    Overrides:
      `clone` in class `Format`
    Returns:
      a clone of this format.

  - ### hashCode

    public int hashCode()
    Returns a "hash value" for this object.
    Overrides:
      `hashCode` in class `Object`

  - ### equals

    public boolean equals(Object object)
    Compares this format with the specified object for equality.
    Overrides:
      `equals` in class `Object`
    Parameters:
      `object` - the object to compare with this angle format for equality.

  - ### toString

    public String toString()
    Returns a string representation of this object for debugging purpose.
    Overrides:
      `toString` in class `Object`