/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.nifi.processors.standard;

import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.InputRequirement;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.InputRequirement.Requirement;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.Restricted;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.Restriction;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.SideEffectFree;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.SupportsBatching;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.SystemResource;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.SystemResourceConsideration;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.WritesAttribute;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.behavior.WritesAttributes;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.documentation.CapabilityDescription;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.documentation.Tags;
import org.apache.nifi.annotation.lifecycle.OnScheduled;
import org.apache.nifi.components.PropertyDescriptor;
import org.apache.nifi.components.RequiredPermission;
import org.apache.nifi.components.resource.ResourceCardinality;
import org.apache.nifi.components.resource.ResourceType;
import org.apache.nifi.expression.ExpressionLanguageScope;
import org.apache.nifi.flowfile.FlowFile;
import org.apache.nifi.logging.ComponentLog;
import org.apache.nifi.processor.AbstractProcessor;
import org.apache.nifi.processor.ProcessContext;
import org.apache.nifi.processor.ProcessSession;
import org.apache.nifi.processor.Relationship;
import org.apache.nifi.processor.util.StandardValidators;
import org.apache.nifi.xml.processing.ProcessingException;
import org.apache.nifi.xml.processing.stream.StandardXMLStreamReaderProvider;
import org.apache.nifi.xml.processing.stream.XMLStreamReaderProvider;
import org.apache.nifi.xml.processing.validation.SchemaValidator;
import org.apache.nifi.xml.processing.validation.StandardSchemaValidator;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.stax.StAXSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.validation.Schema;
import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;

@SideEffectFree
@SupportsBatching
@InputRequirement(Requirement.INPUT_REQUIRED)
@Tags({"xml", "schema", "validation", "xsd"})
@WritesAttributes({
    @WritesAttribute(attribute = "validatexml.invalid.error", description = "If the FlowFile is routed to the invalid relationship "
            + "the attribute will contain the error message resulting from the validation failure.")
})
@CapabilityDescription("Validates XML contained in a FlowFile. By default, the XML is contained in the FlowFile content. If the 'XML Source Attribute' property is set, the XML to be validated "
        + "is contained in the specified attribute. It is not recommended to use attributes to hold large XML documents; doing so could adversely affect system performance. "
        + "Full schema validation is performed if the processor is configured with the XSD schema details. Otherwise, the only validation performed is "
        + "to ensure the XML syntax is correct and well-formed, e.g. all opening tags are properly closed.")
@SystemResourceConsideration(resource = SystemResource.MEMORY, description = "While this processor supports processing XML within attributes, it is strongly discouraged to hold "
        + "large amounts of data in attributes. In general, attribute values should be as small as possible and hold no more than a couple hundred characters.")
@Restricted(
        restrictions = {
                @Restriction(
                        requiredPermission = RequiredPermission.REFERENCE_REMOTE_RESOURCES,
                        explanation = "Schema configuration can reference resources over HTTP"
                )
        }
)
public class ValidateXml extends AbstractProcessor {

    public static final String ERROR_ATTRIBUTE_KEY = "validatexml.invalid.error";

    public static final PropertyDescriptor SCHEMA_FILE = new PropertyDescriptor.Builder()
            .name("Schema File")
            .description("The file path or URL to the XSD Schema file that is to be used for validation. If this property is blank, only XML syntax/structure will be validated.")
            .required(false)
            .expressionLanguageSupported(ExpressionLanguageScope.ENVIRONMENT)
            .identifiesExternalResource(ResourceCardinality.SINGLE, ResourceType.FILE, ResourceType.URL)
            .build();
    public static final PropertyDescriptor XML_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE = new PropertyDescriptor.Builder()
            .name("XML Source Attribute")
            .description("The name of the attribute containing XML to be validated. If this property is blank, the FlowFile content will be validated.")
            .required(false)
            .expressionLanguageSupported(ExpressionLanguageScope.ENVIRONMENT)
            .addValidator(StandardValidators.ATTRIBUTE_KEY_VALIDATOR)
            .build();

    private static final List<PropertyDescriptor> PROPERTY_DESCRIPTORS = List.of(
            SCHEMA_FILE,
            XML_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE
    );

    public static final Relationship REL_VALID = new Relationship.Builder()
            .name("valid")
            .description("FlowFiles that are successfully validated against the schema, if provided, or verified to be well-formed XML are routed to this relationship")
            .build();
    public static final Relationship REL_INVALID = new Relationship.Builder()
            .name("invalid")
            .description("FlowFiles that are not valid according to the specified schema or contain invalid XML are routed to this relationship")
            .build();

    private static final Set<Relationship> RELATIONSHIPS = Set.of(
            REL_VALID,
            REL_INVALID
    );

    private static final String SCHEMA_LANGUAGE = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema";
    private static final SchemaValidator SCHEMA_VALIDATOR = new StandardSchemaValidator();
    private static final XMLStreamReaderProvider READER_PROVIDER = new StandardXMLStreamReaderProvider();

    private final AtomicReference<Schema> schemaRef = new AtomicReference<>();

    @Override
    public Set<Relationship> getRelationships() {
        return RELATIONSHIPS;
    }

    @Override
    protected List<PropertyDescriptor> getSupportedPropertyDescriptors() {
        return PROPERTY_DESCRIPTORS;
    }

    @OnScheduled
    public void parseSchema(final ProcessContext context) throws SAXException {
        if (context.getProperty(SCHEMA_FILE).isSet()) {
            final URL url = context.getProperty(SCHEMA_FILE).evaluateAttributeExpressions().asResource().asURL();
            final SchemaFactory schemaFactory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(SCHEMA_LANGUAGE);
            final Schema schema = schemaFactory.newSchema(url);
            schemaRef.set(schema);
        } else {
            schemaRef.set(null);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onTrigger(final ProcessContext context, final ProcessSession session) {
        final List<FlowFile> flowFiles = session.get(50);
        if (flowFiles.isEmpty()) {
            return;
        }

        final ComponentLog logger = getLogger();
        final boolean attributeContainsXML = context.getProperty(XML_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE).isSet();

        for (FlowFile flowFile : flowFiles) {
            final AtomicBoolean valid = new AtomicBoolean(true);
            final AtomicReference<Exception> exception = new AtomicReference<>(null);

            try {
                if (attributeContainsXML) {
                    // If XML source attribute is set, validate attribute value
                    String xml = flowFile.getAttribute(context.getProperty(XML_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE).evaluateAttributeExpressions().getValue());
                    ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(xml.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

                    validate(inputStream);
                } else {
                    // If XML source attribute is not set, validate flowfile content
                    session.read(flowFile, this::validate);
                }
            } catch (final RuntimeException e) {
                valid.set(false);
                exception.set(e);
            }

            // determine source location of XML for logging purposes
            String xmlSource = attributeContainsXML ? "attribute '" + context.getProperty(XML_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE).evaluateAttributeExpressions().getValue() + "'" : "content";
            if (valid.get()) {
                if (context.getProperty(SCHEMA_FILE).isSet()) {
                    logger.debug("Successfully validated XML in {} of {} against schema; routing to 'valid'", xmlSource, flowFile);
                } else {
                    logger.debug("Successfully validated XML is well-formed in {} of {}; routing to 'valid'", xmlSource, flowFile);
                }
                session.getProvenanceReporter().route(flowFile, REL_VALID);
                session.transfer(flowFile, REL_VALID);
            } else {
                flowFile = session.putAttribute(flowFile, ERROR_ATTRIBUTE_KEY, exception.get().getLocalizedMessage());
                if (context.getProperty(SCHEMA_FILE).isSet()) {
                    logger.info("Failed to validate XML in {} of {} against schema due to {}; routing to 'invalid'", xmlSource, flowFile, exception.get().getLocalizedMessage());
                } else {
                    logger.info("Failed to validate XML is well-formed in {} of {} due to {}; routing to 'invalid'", xmlSource, flowFile, exception.get().getLocalizedMessage());
                }
                session.getProvenanceReporter().route(flowFile, REL_INVALID);
                session.transfer(flowFile, REL_INVALID);
            }
        }
    }

    private void validate(final InputStream in) {
        final Schema schema = schemaRef.get();
        if (schema == null) {
            // Parse Document without schema validation
            final XMLStreamReader reader = READER_PROVIDER.getStreamReader(new StreamSource(in));
            try {
                while (reader.hasNext()) {
                    reader.next();
                }
            } catch (final XMLStreamException e) {
                throw new ProcessingException("Reading stream failed: " + e.getMessage(), e);
            }
        } else {
            final XMLStreamReaderProvider readerProvider = new StandardXMLStreamReaderProvider();
            final XMLStreamReader reader = readerProvider.getStreamReader(new StreamSource(in));
            final Source source = new StAXSource(reader);
            SCHEMA_VALIDATOR.validate(schema, source);
        }
    }
}
