<!---
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
-->

Distributed Task Execution
--------------------------

This recipe is intended to demonstrate how task dependencies can be modeled using primitives provided by Helix. A given task can be run with the desired amount of parallelism and will start only when upstream dependencies are met. The demo executes the task DAG described below using 10 workers. Although the demo starts the workers as threads, there is no requirement that all the workers need to run in the same process. In reality, these workers run on many different boxes on a cluster.  When worker fails, Helix takes care of re-assigning a failed task partition to a new worker.

Redis is used as a result store. Any other suitable implementation for TaskResultStore can be plugged in.

### Workflow

#### Input

10000 impression events and around 100 click events are pre-populated in task result store (redis).

* **ImpEvent**: format: id,isFraudulent,country,gender

* **ClickEvent**: format: id,isFraudulent,impEventId

#### Stages

+ **FilterImps**: Filters impression where isFraudulent=true.

+ **FilterClicks**: Filters clicks where isFraudulent=true

+ **impCountsByGender**: Generates impression counts grouped by gender. It does this by incrementing the count for 'impression_gender_counts:<gender_value>' in the task result store (redis hash). Depends on: **FilterImps**

+ **impCountsByCountry**: Generates impression counts grouped by country. It does this by incrementing the count for 'impression_country_counts:<country_value>' in the task result store (redis hash). Depends on: **FilterClicks**

+ **impClickJoin**: Joins clicks with corresponding impression event using impEventId as the join key. Join is needed to pull dimensions not present in click event. Depends on: **FilterImps, FilterClicks**

+ **clickCountsByGender**: Generates click counts grouped by gender. It does this by incrementing the count for click_gender_counts:<gender_value> in the task result store (redis hash). Depends on: **impClickJoin**

+ **clickCountsByGender**: Generates click counts grouped by country. It does this by incrementing the count for click_country_counts:<country_value> in the task result store (redis hash). Depends on: **impClickJoin**

+ **report**: Reads from all aggregates generated by previous stages and prints them. Depends on: **impCountsByGender, impCountsByCountry, clickCountsByGender,clickCountsByGender**


### Creating a DAG

Each stage is represented as a Node along with the upstream dependency and desired parallelism.  Each stage is modeled as a resource in Helix using OnlineOffline state model. As part of an Offline to Online transition, we watch the external view of upstream resources and wait for them to transition to the online state. See Task.java for additional info.

```
Dag dag = new Dag();
dag.addNode(new Node("filterImps", 10, ""));
dag.addNode(new Node("filterClicks", 5, ""));
dag.addNode(new Node("impClickJoin", 10, "filterImps,filterClicks"));
dag.addNode(new Node("impCountsByGender", 10, "filterImps"));
dag.addNode(new Node("impCountsByCountry", 10, "filterImps"));
dag.addNode(new Node("clickCountsByGender", 5, "impClickJoin"));
dag.addNode(new Node("clickCountsByCountry", 5, "impClickJoin"));
dag.addNode(new Node("report",1,"impCountsByGender,impCountsByCountry,clickCountsByGender,clickCountsByCountry"));
```

### Demo

In order to run the demo, use the following steps

See http://redis.io/topics/quickstart on how to install redis server

```
Start redis e.g:
./redis-server --port 6379

git clone https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/helix.git
cd helix
git checkout helix-0.6.3
cd recipes/task-execution
mvn clean install package -DskipTests
cd target/task-execution-pkg/bin
chmod +x task-execution-demo.sh
./task-execution-demo.sh 2181 localhost 6379

```

Here\'s a visual representation of the DAG.

```





                       +-----------------+       +----------------+
                       |   filterImps    |       |  filterClicks  |
                       | (parallelism=10)|       | (parallelism=5)|
                       +----------+-----++       +-------+--------+
                       |          |     |                |
                       |          |     |                |
                       |          |     |                |
                       |          |     +------->--------v------------+
      +--------------<-+   +------v-------+    |  impClickJoin        |
      |impCountsByGender   |impCountsByCountry | (parallelism=10)     |
      |(parallelism=10)    |(parallelism=10)   ++-------------------+-+
      +-----------+--+     +---+----------+     |                   |
                  |            |                |                   |
                  |            |                |                   |
                  |            |       +--------v---------+       +-v-------------------+
                  |            |       |clickCountsByGender       |clickCountsByCountry |
                  |            |       |(parallelism=5)   |       |(parallelism=5)      |
                  |            |       +----+-------------+       +---------------------+
                  |            |            |                     |
                  |            |            |                     |
                  |            |            |                     |
                  +----->+-----+>-----------v----+<---------------+
                         | report                |
                         |(parallelism=1)        |
                         +-----------------------+

```

(credit for above ascii art: http://www.asciiflow.com)

#### Output

```
Done populating dummy data
Executing filter task for filterImps_3 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_2 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_0 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_1 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_4 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterClicks_3 for clicks_demo
Executing filter task for filterClicks_1 for clicks_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_8 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_6 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterClicks_2 for clicks_demo
Executing filter task for filterClicks_0 for clicks_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_7 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_5 for impressions_demo
Executing filter task for filterClicks_4 for clicks_demo
Executing filter task for filterImps_9 for impressions_demo
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_3 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_2 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_0 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_9 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_1 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_4 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_4 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_5 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_2
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_3 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_1 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_0 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_2 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_6 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_1
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_0
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_3
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_8 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_4
Running AggTask for impCountsByGender_7 for filtered_impressions_demo gender
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_5 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_6 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_9
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_8 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_7 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_5
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_6
Running AggTask for impCountsByCountry_9 for filtered_impressions_demo country
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_8
Executing JoinTask for impClickJoin_7
Running AggTask for clickCountsByCountry_1 for joined_clicks_demo country
Running AggTask for clickCountsByCountry_0 for joined_clicks_demo country
Running AggTask for clickCountsByCountry_2 for joined_clicks_demo country
Running AggTask for clickCountsByCountry_3 for joined_clicks_demo country
Running AggTask for clickCountsByGender_1 for joined_clicks_demo gender
Running AggTask for clickCountsByCountry_4 for joined_clicks_demo country
Running AggTask for clickCountsByGender_3 for joined_clicks_demo gender
Running AggTask for clickCountsByGender_2 for joined_clicks_demo gender
Running AggTask for clickCountsByGender_4 for joined_clicks_demo gender
Running AggTask for clickCountsByGender_0 for joined_clicks_demo gender
Running reports task
Impression counts per country
{CANADA=1940, US=1958, CHINA=2014, UNKNOWN=2022, UK=1946}
Click counts per country
{US=24, CANADA=14, CHINA=26, UNKNOWN=14, UK=22}
Impression counts per gender
{F=3325, UNKNOWN=3259, M=3296}
Click counts per gender
{F=33, UNKNOWN=32, M=35}
```
