# Shakespeare 2.00

## Jon Bosak (bosak@eng.sun.com)
July 15, 1999

This is shaksper.200, a set of the plays of William Shakespeare marked up for electronic publication. The set began as ASCII files put into the public domain by Moby Lexical Tools in 1992. They were marked up in 1992 as a beginner's exercise in SGML DTD and stylesheet design (originally using the DynaText proprietary stylesheet language) and in 1996 were released along with a companion set of publicly available religious texts as the earliest examples of real documents marked up in (early) XML. The current distribution conforms to the XML 1.0 Recommendation released February 8, 1998.

### Caveat regarding Shakespeare scholarship

Every time I have occasion to compare the text of these files with a modern edition of Shakespeare (usually when someone points out a problem that requires me to check against a printed text), I wonder where in the world the Moby folks got the original. They must have used OCR to scan in a printed edition that had gone out of copyright, which means that the source could have been published no later than World War I. My guess is that it was a late Victorian edition, but it might have been much older.

In any case, the editorial style of the set is very different from that of modern editions, and on general principles I strongly doubt the critical accuracy of the text. The set is provided, as it always has been, purely as a learning exercise in SGML/XML markup, as a benchmark for comparing the performance of SGML/XML processors, and as a resource for testing stylesheet and search methodologies. The text is enjoyable reading, but the present edition should not be relied upon for scholarly purposes.

### Copyright

While the text has been in the public domain since 1992, the status of the markup hasn't been clear. For purposes of legal simplicity (I think), I'm now asserting copyright over the markup to discourage the circulation of variant versions while still allowing free distribution. Each play now includes the following notice:

> ASCII text placed in the public domain by Moby Lexical Tools, 1992.
> SGML markup by Jon Bosak, 1992-1994.
> XML version by Jon Bosak, 1996-1999.
> The XML markup in this version is Copyright © 1999 Jon Bosak. This work may freely be distributed on condition that it not be modified or altered in any way.

### What's new

Unlike the companion 2.x version of the religious texts, Shakespeare 2.00 does not differ significantly from the previous release, version 1.10. The main difference is that the DTD and the XML declarations have at last been revised to conform to the final XML 1.0 Recommendation. I've also corrected about 50 lines of bad tagging in Henry IV Part 2 (Act 2, Scene 1) and de-Americanized the spelling of the word "Labour" in the title "Love's Labour's Lost" (yes, there are properly two apostrophes!). My thanks to Michael Kay for pointing out these errors. None of the changes should significantly affect comparisons with processing tests run against earlier versions.

I had originally intended to supply a set of DSSSL stylesheets for the plays just as I did for the religious texts -- hence the delay in making this set available. I have given up on finding the time to do this right now. Hopefully I will include stylesheets in a future release; I have left in a few small ancillary files in anticipation of this.

### Manifest

This distribution includes the following files, all of which should be installed in the same directory:

      shaksper.htm     this file

      play.dtd         DTD for testaments

      scripts for batch validation using nsgmls:

        vs              a bash script for validating a play as SGML
        vx              a bash script for validating a play as XML

      ancillary files left in for future DSSSL processing (these are
      not needed for most generic XML processing):

        catalog         SGML Open (OASIS) catalog for public identifiers
        dsssl.dtd       DSSSL DTD
        fot.dtd         FOT (flow object tree) DTD
        style-sheet.dtd DTD for DSSSL stylesheets
        xml.dcl         XML SGML declaration
        xml.soc         XML catalog

      the plays are the thing:

        a_and_c.xml
        all_well.xml
        as_you.xml
        com_err.xml
        coriolan.xml
        cymbelin.xml
        dream.xml
        hamlet.xml
        hen_iv_1.xml
        hen_iv_2.xml
        hen_v.xml
        hen_vi_1.xml
        hen_vi_2.xml
        hen_vi_3.xml
        hen_viii.xml
        j_caesar.xml
        john.xml
        lear.xml
        lll.xml
        m_for_m.xml
        m_wives.xml
        macbeth.xml
        merchant.xml
        much_ado.xml
        othello.xml
        pericles.xml
        r_and_j.xml
        rich_ii.xml
        rich_iii.xml
        t_night.xml
        taming.xml
        tempest.xml
        timon.xml
        titus.xml
        troilus.xml
        two_gent.xml
        win_tale.xml

### Running the scripts

The files in this set were built and tested in Windows 95 using scripts running under the Gnu bash shell. DOS batch files should work equally well, but I don't have the patience to deal with them.

Assuming that nsgmls (part of the Jade distribution) has been installed and is in the search path, the scripts named vs and vx are typically run under bash like this:

       for i in *.xml; do echo $i; vs $i; done
       for i in *.xml; do echo $i; vx $i; done

The first command line performs a validity check of all the plays as SGML files, and the second performs a validity check of all the plays as XML files. Note that both scripts change the values of SP environment variables.