Title: @Asynchronous @PostConstruct

Placing `@Asynchronous` on the `@PostConstruct` of an EJB is not a supported part of Java EE, but this example shows a pattern which works just as well with little effort.

The heart of this pattern is to:

 - pass the construction "logic" to an `@Asynchronous` method via a `java.util.concurrent.Callable`
 - ensure the bean does not process invocations till construction is complete via an `@AroundInvoke` method on the bean and the `java.util.concurrent.Future`

Simple and effective.  The result is a faster starting application that is still thread-safe.

    package org.superbiz.asyncpost;

    import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
    import javax.ejb.EJB;
    import javax.ejb.Lock;
    import javax.ejb.LockType;
    import javax.ejb.Singleton;
    import javax.interceptor.AroundInvoke;
    import javax.interceptor.InvocationContext;
    import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
    import java.util.concurrent.Future;

    import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS;

    @Singleton
    @Lock(LockType.READ)
    public class SlowStarter {

        @EJB
        private Executor executor;

        private Future construct;

        private String color;
        private String shape;

        @PostConstruct
        private void construct() throws Exception {
            construct = executor.submit(new Callable() {
                @Override
                public Object call() throws Exception {
                    Thread.sleep(SECONDS.toMillis(10));
                    SlowStarter.this.color = "orange";
                    SlowStarter.this.shape = "circle";
                    return null;
                }
            });
        }

        @AroundInvoke
        private Object guaranteeConstructionComplete(InvocationContext context) throws Exception {
            construct.get();
            return context.proceed();
        }

        public String getColor() {
            return color;
        }

        public String getShape() {
            return shape;
        }
    }


The `Executor` is a simple pattern, useful for many things, which exposes an interface functionaly equivalent to `java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService`, but
with the underlying thread pool controlled by the container.

    package org.superbiz.asyncpost;

    import javax.ejb.AsyncResult;
    import javax.ejb.Asynchronous;
    import javax.ejb.Lock;
    import javax.ejb.LockType;
    import javax.ejb.Singleton;
    import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
    import java.util.concurrent.Future;

    @Singleton
    @Lock(LockType.READ)
    public class Executor {

        @Asynchronous
        public <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task) throws Exception {
            return new AsyncResult<T>(task.call());
        }

    }


Finally a test case shows the usefulness of `@AroundInvoke` call in our bean that calls `construct.get()`

    package org.superbiz.asyncpost;

    import junit.framework.Assert;
    import org.junit.Test;

    import javax.ejb.EJB;
    import javax.ejb.embeddable.EJBContainer;

    public class SlowStarterTest {

        @EJB
        private SlowStarter slowStarter;

        @Test
        public void test() throws Exception {

            // Start the Container
            EJBContainer.createEJBContainer().getContext().bind("inject", this);

            // Immediately access the fields initialized in the PostConstruct
            // This will fail without the @AroundInvoke call to construct.get()
            Assert.assertEquals("orange", slowStarter.getColor());
            Assert.assertEquals("circle", slowStarter.getShape());
        }
    }
