////
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  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

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////
[[graphson]]
= GraphSON

image:gremlin-graphson.png[width=350,float=left] GraphSON is a JSON-based format that is designed for human readable
output that is easily supported in any programming language through the wide-array of JSON parsing libraries that
exist on virtually all platforms. GraphSON is considered both a "graph" format and a generalized object serialization
format. That characteristic makes it useful as a serialization format for Gremlin Server where arbitrary objects
of varying types may be returned as results.

When considering GraphSON as a "graph" format, the relevant feature to consider is the `writeGraph` and `readGraph`
methods on the `GraphSONWriter` and `GraphSONReader` interfaces, respectively. These methods write the entire `Graph`
instance as output or read an entire `Graph` instance input and they do so in a way external to generalized object
serialization. In other words, the output of:

[source,java]
----
final Graph graph = TinkerFactory.createModern();
final GraphWriter writer = graph.io(IoCore.graphson()).writer();
writer.writeGraph("tinkerpop-modern.json");
----

will be different of:

[source,java]
----
final Graph graph = TinkerFactory.createModern();
final GraphWriter writer = graph.io(IoCore.graphson()).writer();
final OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("tinkerpop-modern.json");
writer.writeObject(os, graph);
----

Generalized object serialization will be discussed later in this section, so for now the focus will be on the "graph"
format. Unlike GraphML, GraphSON does not use an edge list format. It uses an adjacency list. In the adjacency list,
each vertex is essentially a line in the file and the vertex line contains a list of all the edges associated with
that vertex. The GraphSON 3.0 representation looks like this for the Modern toy graph:

[source,json]
----
{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"label":"person","outE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":9},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}}],"knows":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":7},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":2},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.5}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":8},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":0},"value":"marko"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":1},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":29}}]}}
{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":2},"label":"person","inE":{"knows":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":7},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.5}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":2},"value":"vadas"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":3},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":27}}]}}
{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"label":"software","inE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":9},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":11},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":12},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":6},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.2}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":4},"value":"lop"}],"lang":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":5},"value":"java"}]}}
{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"label":"person","inE":{"knows":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":8},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}}]},"outE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":10},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":5},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":11},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":6},"value":"josh"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":7},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":32}}]}}
{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":5},"label":"software","inE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":10},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":8},"value":"ripple"}],"lang":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":9},"value":"java"}]}}
{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":6},"label":"person","outE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":12},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.2}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":10},"value":"peter"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":11},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":35}}]}}
----

At a glance, one can see that this is not a valid JSON document. While that form may seem incorrect, there is a reason.
The "graph" format is designed by default to be splittable, such that distributed systems like Spark can easily divide
the GraphSON file for processing. If this data were represented as an "array of vertices" with square brackets at the
beginning and end of the file, the format would be less conducive to fit that purpose. It is possible to change this
behavior by building the `GraphSONWriter` with the `wrapAdjacencyList` setting set to `true`, in which case the output
will be a valid JSON document that looks like this:

[source,json]
----
{ "vertices": [
  {"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"label":"person","outE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":9},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}}],"knows":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":7},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":2},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.5}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":8},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":0},"value":"marko"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":1},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":29}}]}}
  {"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":2},"label":"person","inE":{"knows":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":7},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.5}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":2},"value":"vadas"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":3},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":27}}]}}
  {"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"label":"software","inE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":9},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":11},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":12},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":6},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.2}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":4},"value":"lop"}],"lang":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":5},"value":"java"}]}}
  {"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"label":"person","inE":{"knows":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":8},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":1},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}}]},"outE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":10},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":5},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}},{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":11},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.4}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":6},"value":"josh"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":7},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":32}}]}}
  {"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":5},"label":"software","inE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":10},"outV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":4},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":1.0}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":8},"value":"ripple"}],"lang":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":9},"value":"java"}]}}
  {"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":6},"label":"person","outE":{"created":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":12},"inV":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":3},"properties":{"weight":{"@type":"g:Double","@value":0.2}}}]},"properties":{"name":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":10},"value":"peter"}],"age":[{"id":{"@type":"g:Int64","@value":11},"value":{"@type":"g:Int32","@value":35}}]}}
]}
----

NOTE: The `writeGraph` method essentially calls `writeVertices` with the directionality of `BOTH`. The `writeVertices`
method simply calls `writeVertex` which detaches each `Vertex` instance into a directional `StarGraph` which forms
the basis for the format.

The following sections discuss the GraphSON object serialization format as available in each version of GraphSON. Core
to understanding these sections is to understand that GraphSON can be produced with and without types being embedded
in the output. Without embedded types, the type system is restricted to standard JSON types of `Object`, `List`,
`String`, `Number`, `Boolean` and that will lead to "lossyness" in the format (i.e. a float will be interpreted as
double). It is also worth considering that choosing a GraphSON format without embedded types may also restrict the
type of results that can be obtained. For example, `g.V().groupCount()` returns a format with a `Map`. That's fine
for GraphSON, but the key in that `Map` is a complex object (i.e. a `Vertex`) and as such is not compatible with JSON
itself which can only support `String` keys.

WARNING: The `application/json` mime type is shared with all versions of GraphSON and their variations and does not
reflect a particular one. Servers will return the GraphSON version and variation that this mime type is configured for
and it could be different (or change) from server to server. When building applications, it is recommended that the
mime type is made explicit on requests to avoid breaking changes or unexpected results.

[[graphson-1d0]]
== Version 1.0

Version 1.0 of GraphSON was released with TinkerPop 3.0.0. It is referred to by the following mime types:

* `application/vnd.gremlin-v1.0+json` - types embedded
* `application/vnd.gremlin-v1.0+json;types=false` - no types embedded

When types are embedded, GraphSON uses the standard
link:https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind[Jackson] type embedding approach that writes the full Java class
name into a "@class" field in the JSON. While this approach isn't especially language agnostic it does at least give
some hint as to what the expected type is.

This section focuses on non-embedded types and their formats as there was little usage of embedded types in generalized
object serialization use cases. The format was simply too cumbersome to parse of non-Jackson enabled libraries and the
use cases for it were limited. <<graphson-2d0,GraphSON Version 2.0>> attempts to improve upon this limitation.

=== Graph Structure

==== Edge

[source,json]
----
{
  "id" : 13,
  "label" : "develops",
  "type" : "edge",
  "inVLabel" : "software",
  "outVLabel" : "person",
  "inV" : 10,
  "outV" : 1,
  "properties" : {
    "since" : 2009
  }
}
----

==== Path

[source,json]
----
{
  "labels" : [ [ ], [ ], [ ] ],
  "objects" : [ {
    "id" : 1,
    "label" : "person",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 0,
        "value" : "marko"
      } ],
      "location" : [ {
        "id" : 6,
        "value" : "san diego",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 1997,
          "endTime" : 2001
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 7,
        "value" : "santa cruz",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2001,
          "endTime" : 2004
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 8,
        "value" : "brussels",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2004,
          "endTime" : 2005
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 9,
        "value" : "santa fe",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2005
        }
      } ]
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 10,
    "label" : "software",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 4,
        "value" : "gremlin"
      } ]
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 11,
    "label" : "software",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 5,
        "value" : "tinkergraph"
      } ]
    }
  } ]
}
----

==== Property

[source,json]
----
{
  "key" : "since",
  "value" : 2009
}
----

==== TinkerGraph

`TinkerGraph` has a custom serializer that is registered as part of the `TinkerIoRegistry`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "vertices" : [ {
    "id" : 1,
    "label" : "person",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 0,
        "value" : "marko"
      } ],
      "location" : [ {
        "id" : 6,
        "value" : "san diego",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 1997,
          "endTime" : 2001
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 7,
        "value" : "santa cruz",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2001,
          "endTime" : 2004
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 8,
        "value" : "brussels",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2004,
          "endTime" : 2005
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 9,
        "value" : "santa fe",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2005
        }
      } ]
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 7,
    "label" : "person",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 1,
        "value" : "stephen"
      } ],
      "location" : [ {
        "id" : 10,
        "value" : "centreville",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 1990,
          "endTime" : 2000
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 11,
        "value" : "dulles",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2000,
          "endTime" : 2006
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 12,
        "value" : "purcellville",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2006
        }
      } ]
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 8,
    "label" : "person",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 2,
        "value" : "matthias"
      } ],
      "location" : [ {
        "id" : 13,
        "value" : "bremen",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2004,
          "endTime" : 2007
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 14,
        "value" : "baltimore",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2007,
          "endTime" : 2011
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 15,
        "value" : "oakland",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2011,
          "endTime" : 2014
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 16,
        "value" : "seattle",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2014
        }
      } ]
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 9,
    "label" : "person",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 3,
        "value" : "daniel"
      } ],
      "location" : [ {
        "id" : 17,
        "value" : "spremberg",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 1982,
          "endTime" : 2005
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 18,
        "value" : "kaiserslautern",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2005,
          "endTime" : 2009
        }
      }, {
        "id" : 19,
        "value" : "aachen",
        "properties" : {
          "startTime" : 2009
        }
      } ]
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 10,
    "label" : "software",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 4,
        "value" : "gremlin"
      } ]
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 11,
    "label" : "software",
    "type" : "vertex",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "id" : 5,
        "value" : "tinkergraph"
      } ]
    }
  } ],
  "edges" : [ {
    "id" : 13,
    "label" : "develops",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 10,
    "outV" : 1,
    "properties" : {
      "since" : 2009
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 14,
    "label" : "develops",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 11,
    "outV" : 1,
    "properties" : {
      "since" : 2010
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 15,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 10,
    "outV" : 1,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 4
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 16,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 11,
    "outV" : 1,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 5
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 17,
    "label" : "develops",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 10,
    "outV" : 7,
    "properties" : {
      "since" : 2010
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 18,
    "label" : "develops",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 11,
    "outV" : 7,
    "properties" : {
      "since" : 2011
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 19,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 10,
    "outV" : 7,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 5
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 20,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 11,
    "outV" : 7,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 4
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 21,
    "label" : "develops",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 10,
    "outV" : 8,
    "properties" : {
      "since" : 2012
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 22,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 10,
    "outV" : 8,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 3
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 23,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 11,
    "outV" : 8,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 3
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 24,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 10,
    "outV" : 9,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 5
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 25,
    "label" : "uses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : 11,
    "outV" : 9,
    "properties" : {
      "skill" : 3
    }
  }, {
    "id" : 26,
    "label" : "traverses",
    "type" : "edge",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "software",
    "inV" : 11,
    "outV" : 10
  } ]
}
----

==== Vertex

[source,json]
----
{
  "id" : 1,
  "label" : "person",
  "type" : "vertex",
  "properties" : {
    "name" : [ {
      "id" : 0,
      "value" : "marko"
    } ],
    "location" : [ {
      "id" : 6,
      "value" : "san diego",
      "properties" : {
        "startTime" : 1997,
        "endTime" : 2001
      }
    }, {
      "id" : 7,
      "value" : "santa cruz",
      "properties" : {
        "startTime" : 2001,
        "endTime" : 2004
      }
    }, {
      "id" : 8,
      "value" : "brussels",
      "properties" : {
        "startTime" : 2004,
        "endTime" : 2005
      }
    }, {
      "id" : 9,
      "value" : "santa fe",
      "properties" : {
        "startTime" : 2005
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== VertexProperty

[source,json]
----
{
  "id" : 0,
  "value" : "marko",
  "label" : "name"
}
----


=== RequestMessage

==== Authentication Response

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of the response that should be made to a SASL-based authentication challenge.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "authentication",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "saslMechanism" : "PLAIN",
    "sasl" : "AHN0ZXBocGhlbgBwYXNzd29yZA=="
  }
}
----

==== Session Eval

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a simple session request for a script evaluation with parameters.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "g.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "session" : "unique-session-identifier",
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : 1
    }
  }
}
----

==== Session Eval Aliased

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a session request for a script evaluation with an alias that binds the `TraversalSource` of "g" to "social".

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "social.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "aliases" : {
      "g" : "social"
    },
    "session" : "unique-session-identifier",
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : 1
    }
  }
}
----

==== Session Close

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a request to close a session.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "close",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "session" : "unique-session-identifier"
  }
}
----

==== Sessionless Eval

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a simple sessionless request for a script evaluation with parameters.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "g.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : 1
    }
  }
}
----

==== Sessionless Eval Aliased

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a sessionless request for a script evaluation with an alias that binds the `TraversalSource` of "g" to "social".

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "social.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "aliases" : {
      "g" : "social"
    },
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : 1
    }
  }
}
----


=== ResponseMessage

==== Authentication Challenge

When authentication is enabled, an initial request to the server will result in an authentication challenge. The typical response message will appear as follows, but handling it could be different dependending on the SASL implementation (e.g. multiple challenges may be requested in some cases, but not in the default provided by Gremlin Server).

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786",
  "status" : {
    "message" : "",
    "code" : 407,
    "attributes" : { }
  },
  "result" : {
    "data" : null,
    "meta" : { }
  }
}
----

==== Standard Result

The following `ResponseMessage` is a typical example of the typical successful response Gremlin Server will return when returning results from a script.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786",
  "status" : {
    "message" : "",
    "code" : 200,
    "attributes" : { }
  },
  "result" : {
    "data" : [ {
      "id" : 1,
      "label" : "person",
      "type" : "vertex",
      "properties" : {
        "name" : [ {
          "id" : 0,
          "value" : "marko"
        } ],
        "location" : [ {
          "id" : 6,
          "value" : "san diego",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : 1997,
            "endTime" : 2001
          }
        }, {
          "id" : 7,
          "value" : "santa cruz",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : 2001,
            "endTime" : 2004
          }
        }, {
          "id" : 8,
          "value" : "brussels",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : 2004,
            "endTime" : 2005
          }
        }, {
          "id" : 9,
          "value" : "santa fe",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : 2005
          }
        } ]
      }
    } ],
    "meta" : { }
  }
}
----

[[graphson-2d0]]
== Version 2.0

Version 2.0 of GraphSON was first introduced on TinkerPop 3.2.2. It was designed to be less tied to
link:https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind[Jackson] (a JVM library) and to be less lossy as it pertained to
types. While the <<graphson-1d0,GraphSON 1.0>> section focused on GraphSON without embedded types, GraphSON 2.0 will
do the opposite as embedded types is the expected manner in which non-JVM languages will interact with TinkerPop.

GraphSON 2.0 is referred to by the following mime types:

* `application/vnd.gremlin-v2.0+json` - Values are typed by way of a "complex object" that defines a `@typeId` and
`@value`. The `@typeId` is composed of two parts: a namespace and a type name, in the format "namespace:typename". A
namespace allows TinkerPop providers and users to categorize custom types that they may implement and avoid collision
with existing TinkerPop types. By default, TinkerPop types will have the namespace "g" (or "gx" for "extended" types).
* `application/vnd.gremlin-v2.0+json;types=false` - Values do not have their types embedded in the JSON. This format
does not follow the 1.0 untyped format in that it does not include a "type" field for `Vertex` and `Edge` objects and
it serializes property values in those graph objects with a `label` field which is redundant as the "key" field for
that property will already represent that value.

=== Core

==== Class

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Class",
  "@value" : "java.io.File"
}
----

==== Date

Representing a millisecond-precision offset from the unix epoch. In Java, it is simply `Date.getTime()`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Date",
  "@value" : 1481750076295
}
----

==== Double

While the `@value` is expected to be a JSON number, it might also be a `String` of `NaN`, `Infinity` or `-Infinity`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Double",
  "@value" : 100.0
}
----

==== Float

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Float",
  "@value" : 100.0
}
----

==== Integer

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Int32",
  "@value" : 100
}
----

==== Long

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Int64",
  "@value" : 100
}
----

==== Timestamp

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Timestamp",
  "@value" : 1481750076295
}
----

==== UUID

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:UUID",
  "@value" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786"
}
----


=== Graph Structure

==== Edge

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Edge",
  "@value" : {
    "id" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 13
    },
    "label" : "develops",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 10
    },
    "outV" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    },
    "properties" : {
      "since" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 2009
      }
    }
  }
}
----

==== Path

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Path",
  "@value" : {
    "labels" : [ [ ], [ ], [ ] ],
    "objects" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "label" : "person"
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "label" : "software",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 4
              },
              "value" : "gremlin",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 10
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "label" : "software",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 5
              },
              "value" : "tinkergraph",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 11
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Property

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Property",
  "@value" : {
    "key" : "since",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 2009
    },
    "element" : {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 13
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
----

==== StarGraph

[source,json]
----
{
  "starVertex" : {
    "@type" : "g:Vertex",
    "@value" : {
      "id" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      },
      "label" : "person",
      "properties" : {
        "name" : [ {
          "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
          "@value" : {
            "id" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 0
            },
            "value" : "marko",
            "vertex" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 1
            },
            "label" : "name"
          }
        } ],
        "location" : [ {
          "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
          "@value" : {
            "id" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 6
            },
            "value" : "san diego",
            "vertex" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 1
            },
            "label" : "location",
            "properties" : {
              "startTime" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1997
              },
              "endTime" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2001
              }
            }
          }
        }, {
          "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
          "@value" : {
            "id" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 7
            },
            "value" : "santa cruz",
            "vertex" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 1
            },
            "label" : "location",
            "properties" : {
              "startTime" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2001
              },
              "endTime" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2004
              }
            }
          }
        }, {
          "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
          "@value" : {
            "id" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 8
            },
            "value" : "brussels",
            "vertex" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 1
            },
            "label" : "location",
            "properties" : {
              "startTime" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2004
              },
              "endTime" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2005
              }
            }
          }
        }, {
          "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
          "@value" : {
            "id" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 9
            },
            "value" : "santa fe",
            "vertex" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 1
            },
            "label" : "location",
            "properties" : {
              "startTime" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2005
              }
            }
          }
        } ]
      }
    }
  }
}
----

==== TinkerGraph

`TinkerGraph` has a custom serializer that is registered as part of the `TinkerIoRegistry`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "tinker:graph",
  "@value" : {
    "vertices" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 0
              },
              "value" : "marko",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 6
              },
              "value" : "san diego",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1997
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "value" : "santa cruz",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "value" : "brussels",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "value" : "santa fe",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "value" : "stephen",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 10
              },
              "value" : "centreville",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1990
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2000
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 11
              },
              "value" : "dulles",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2000
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2006
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 12
              },
              "value" : "purcellville",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2006
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 2
              },
              "value" : "matthias",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 13
              },
              "value" : "bremen",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2007
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 14
              },
              "value" : "baltimore",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2007
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2011
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 15
              },
              "value" : "oakland",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2011
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2014
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 16
              },
              "value" : "seattle",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2014
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 9
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 3
              },
              "value" : "daniel",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 17
              },
              "value" : "spremberg",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1982
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 18
              },
              "value" : "kaiserslautern",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2009
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 19
              },
              "value" : "aachen",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2009
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "label" : "software",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 4
              },
              "value" : "gremlin",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 10
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "label" : "software",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 5
              },
              "value" : "tinkergraph",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 11
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    } ],
    "edges" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 13
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 2009
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 14
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 2010
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 15
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 4
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 16
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 5
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 17
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 2010
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 18
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 2011
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 19
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 5
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 20
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 4
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 21
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 2012
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 22
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 3
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 23
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 3
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 24
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 9
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 5
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 25
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 9
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 3
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 26
        },
        "label" : "traverses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "software",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        }
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Tree

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Tree",
  "@value" : [ {
    "key" : {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 0
              },
              "value" : "marko",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 6
              },
              "value" : "san diego",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1997
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "value" : "santa cruz",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "value" : "brussels",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "value" : "santa fe",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    },
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Tree",
      "@value" : [ {
        "key" : {
          "@type" : "g:Vertex",
          "@value" : {
            "id" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 10
            },
            "label" : "software",
            "properties" : {
              "name" : [ {
                "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
                "@value" : {
                  "id" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int64",
                    "@value" : 4
                  },
                  "value" : "gremlin",
                  "vertex" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 10
                  },
                  "label" : "name"
                }
              } ]
            }
          }
        },
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Tree",
          "@value" : [ {
            "key" : {
              "@type" : "g:Vertex",
              "@value" : {
                "id" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 11
                },
                "label" : "software",
                "properties" : {
                  "name" : [ {
                    "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
                    "@value" : {
                      "id" : {
                        "@type" : "g:Int64",
                        "@value" : 5
                      },
                      "value" : "tinkergraph",
                      "vertex" : {
                        "@type" : "g:Int32",
                        "@value" : 11
                      },
                      "label" : "name"
                    }
                  } ]
                }
              }
            },
            "value" : {
              "@type" : "g:Tree",
              "@value" : [ ]
            }
          } ]
        }
      } ]
    }
  } ]
}
----

==== Vertex

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Vertex",
  "@value" : {
    "id" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    },
    "label" : "person",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 0
          },
          "value" : "marko",
          "vertex" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "label" : "name"
        }
      } ],
      "location" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 6
          },
          "value" : "san diego",
          "vertex" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 1997
            },
            "endTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2001
            }
          }
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 7
          },
          "value" : "santa cruz",
          "vertex" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2001
            },
            "endTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2004
            }
          }
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 8
          },
          "value" : "brussels",
          "vertex" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2004
            },
            "endTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2005
            }
          }
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 9
          },
          "value" : "santa fe",
          "vertex" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2005
            }
          }
        }
      } ]
    }
  }
}
----

==== VertexProperty

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
  "@value" : {
    "id" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int64",
      "@value" : 0
    },
    "value" : "marko",
    "vertex" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    },
    "label" : "name"
  }
}
----


=== Graph Process

==== Barrier

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Barrier",
  "@value" : "normSack"
}
----

==== Binding

A "Binding" refers to a `Bytecode.Binding`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Binding",
  "@value" : {
    "key" : "x",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    }
  }
}
----

==== Bytecode

The following `Bytecode` example represents the traversal of `g.V().hasLabel('person').out().in().tree()`. Obviously the serialized `Bytecode` woudl be quite different for the endless variations of commands that could be used together in the Gremlin language.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Bytecode",
  "@value" : {
    "step" : [ [ "V" ], [ "hasLabel", "person" ], [ "out" ], [ "in" ], [ "tree" ] ]
  }
}
----

==== Cardinality

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Cardinality",
  "@value" : "list"
}
----

==== Column

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Column",
  "@value" : "keys"
}
----

==== Direction

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Direction",
  "@value" : "OUT"
}
----

==== DT

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:DT",
  "@value" : "minute"
}
----

==== Lambda

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Lambda",
  "@value" : {
    "script" : "{ it.get() }",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "arguments" : 1
  }
}
----

==== Merge

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Merge",
  "@value" : "onMatch"
}
----

==== Metrics

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Metrics",
  "@value" : {
    "dur" : {
      "@type" : "g:Double",
      "@value" : 100.0
    },
    "counts" : {
      "traverserCount" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int64",
        "@value" : 4
      },
      "elementCount" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int64",
        "@value" : 4
      }
    },
    "name" : "TinkerGraphStep(vertex,[~label.eq(person)])",
    "annotations" : {
      "percentDur" : {
        "@type" : "g:Double",
        "@value" : 25.0
      }
    },
    "id" : "7.0.0()",
    "metrics" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Metrics",
      "@value" : {
        "dur" : {
          "@type" : "g:Double",
          "@value" : 100.0
        },
        "counts" : {
          "traverserCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 7
          },
          "elementCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 7
          }
        },
        "name" : "VertexStep(OUT,vertex)",
        "annotations" : {
          "percentDur" : {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 25.0
          }
        },
        "id" : "3.0.0()"
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Operator

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Operator",
  "@value" : "sum"
}
----

==== Order

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Order",
  "@value" : "shuffle"
}
----

==== P

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "gt",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 0
    }
  }
}
----

==== P within

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "within",
    "value" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== P without

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "without",
    "value" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 2
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== P and

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "and",
    "value" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "gt",
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 0
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "lt",
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        }
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== P or

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "or",
    "value" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "gt",
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 0
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "within",
        "value" : [ {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : -1
        }, {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : -10
        }, {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : -100
        } ]
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Pick

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Pick",
  "@value" : "any"
}
----

==== Pop

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Pop",
  "@value" : "all"
}
----

==== Scope

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Scope",
  "@value" : "local"
}
----

==== T

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:T",
  "@value" : "label"
}
----

==== TextP

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:TextP",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "containing",
    "value" : "ark"
  }
}
----

==== TraversalMetrics

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:TraversalMetrics",
  "@value" : {
    "dur" : {
      "@type" : "g:Double",
      "@value" : 0.004
    },
    "metrics" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Metrics",
      "@value" : {
        "dur" : {
          "@type" : "g:Double",
          "@value" : 100.0
        },
        "counts" : {
          "traverserCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 4
          },
          "elementCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 4
          }
        },
        "name" : "TinkerGraphStep(vertex,[~label.eq(person)])",
        "annotations" : {
          "percentDur" : {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 25.0
          }
        },
        "id" : "7.0.0()"
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Metrics",
      "@value" : {
        "dur" : {
          "@type" : "g:Double",
          "@value" : 100.0
        },
        "counts" : {
          "traverserCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 13
          },
          "elementCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 13
          }
        },
        "name" : "VertexStep(OUT,vertex)",
        "annotations" : {
          "percentDur" : {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 25.0
          }
        },
        "id" : "2.0.0()"
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Metrics",
      "@value" : {
        "dur" : {
          "@type" : "g:Double",
          "@value" : 100.0
        },
        "counts" : {
          "traverserCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 7
          },
          "elementCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 7
          }
        },
        "name" : "VertexStep(OUT,vertex)",
        "annotations" : {
          "percentDur" : {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 25.0
          }
        },
        "id" : "3.0.0()"
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Metrics",
      "@value" : {
        "dur" : {
          "@type" : "g:Double",
          "@value" : 100.0
        },
        "counts" : {
          "traverserCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "elementCount" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 1
          }
        },
        "name" : "TreeStep",
        "annotations" : {
          "percentDur" : {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 25.0
          }
        },
        "id" : "4.0.0()"
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Traverser

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Traverser",
  "@value" : {
    "bulk" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int64",
      "@value" : 1
    },
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 0
              },
              "value" : "marko",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 6
              },
              "value" : "san diego",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1997
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "value" : "santa cruz",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "value" : "brussels",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "value" : "santa fe",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
----


=== RequestMessage

==== Authentication Response

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of the response that should be made to a SASL-based authentication challenge.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : {
    "@type" : "g:UUID",
    "@value" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397"
  },
  "op" : "authentication",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "saslMechanism" : "PLAIN",
    "sasl" : "AHN0ZXBocGhlbgBwYXNzd29yZA=="
  }
}
----

==== Session Eval

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a simple session request for a script evaluation with parameters.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : {
    "@type" : "g:UUID",
    "@value" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397"
  },
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "g.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "session" : "unique-session-identifier",
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      }
    }
  }
}
----

==== Session Eval Aliased

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a session request for a script evaluation with an alias that binds the `TraversalSource` of "g" to "social".

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : {
    "@type" : "g:UUID",
    "@value" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397"
  },
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "social.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "aliases" : {
      "g" : "social"
    },
    "session" : "unique-session-identifier",
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      }
    }
  }
}
----

==== Session Close

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a request to close a session.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : {
    "@type" : "g:UUID",
    "@value" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397"
  },
  "op" : "close",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "session" : "unique-session-identifier"
  }
}
----

==== Sessionless Eval

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a simple sessionless request for a script evaluation with parameters.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : {
    "@type" : "g:UUID",
    "@value" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397"
  },
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "g.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      }
    }
  }
}
----

==== Sessionless Eval Aliased

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a sessionless request for a script evaluation with an alias that binds the `TraversalSource` of "g" to "social".

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : {
    "@type" : "g:UUID",
    "@value" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397"
  },
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "gremlin" : "social.V(x)",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "aliases" : {
      "g" : "social"
    },
    "bindings" : {
      "x" : {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      }
    }
  }
}
----

=== ResponseMessage

==== Authentication Challenge

When authentication is enabled, an initial request to the server will result in an authentication challenge. The typical response message will appear as follows, but handling it could be different dependending on the SASL implementation (e.g. multiple challenges maybe requested in some cases, but not in the default provided by Gremlin Server).

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786",
  "status" : {
    "message" : "",
    "code" : 407,
    "attributes" : { }
  },
  "result" : {
    "data" : null,
    "meta" : { }
  }
}
----

==== Standard Result

The following `ResponseMessage` is a typical example of the typical successful response Gremlin Server will return when returning results from a script.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786",
  "status" : {
    "message" : "",
    "code" : 200,
    "attributes" : { }
  },
  "result" : {
    "data" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 0
              },
              "value" : "marko",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 6
              },
              "value" : "san diego",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1997
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "value" : "santa cruz",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "value" : "brussels",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "value" : "santa fe",
              "vertex" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    } ],
    "meta" : { }
  }
}
----


=== Extended

Note that the "extended" types require the addition of the separate `GraphSONXModuleV2` module as follows:

[source,java]
----
mapper = GraphSONMapper.build().
                        typeInfo(TypeInfo.PARTIAL_TYPES).
                        addCustomModule(GraphSONXModuleV2.build()).
                        version(GraphSONVersion.V2_0).create().createMapper()
----

==== BigDecimal

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:BigDecimal",
  "@value" : 123456789987654321123456789987654321
}
----

==== BigInteger

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:BigInteger",
  "@value" : 123456789987654321123456789987654321
}
----

==== Byte

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Byte",
  "@value" : 1
}
----

==== ByteBuffer

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:ByteBuffer",
  "@value" : "c29tZSBieXRlcyBmb3IgeW91"
}
----

==== Char

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Char",
  "@value" : "x"
}
----

==== Duration

The following example is a `Duration` of five days.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Duration",
  "@value" : "PT120H"
}
----

==== InetAddress

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:InetAddress",
  "@value" : "localhost"
}
----

==== Instant

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Instant",
  "@value" : "2016-12-14T16:39:19.349Z"
}
----

==== LocalDate

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:LocalDate",
  "@value" : "2016-01-01"
}
----

==== LocalDateTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:LocalDateTime",
  "@value" : "2016-01-01T12:30"
}
----

==== LocalTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:LocalTime",
  "@value" : "12:30:45"
}
----

==== MonthDay

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:MonthDay",
  "@value" : "--01-01"
}
----

==== OffsetDateTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:OffsetDateTime",
  "@value" : "2007-12-03T10:15:30+01:00"
}
----

==== OffsetTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:OffsetTime",
  "@value" : "10:15:30+01:00"
}
----

==== Period

The following example is a `Period` of one year, six months and fifteen days.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Period",
  "@value" : "P1Y6M15D"
}
----

==== Short

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Int16",
  "@value" : 100
}
----

==== Year

The following example is of the `Year` "2016".

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Year",
  "@value" : "2016"
}
----

==== YearMonth

The following example is a `YearMonth` of "June 2016"

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:YearMonth",
  "@value" : "2016-06"
}
----

==== ZonedDateTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:ZonedDateTime",
  "@value" : "2016-12-23T12:12:24.000000036+02:00[GMT+02:00]"
}
----

==== ZoneOffset

The following example is a `ZoneOffset` of three hours, six minutes, and nine seconds.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:ZoneOffset",
  "@value" : "+03:06:09"
}
----

[[graphson-3d0]]
== Version 3.0

Version 3.0 of GraphSON was first introduced on TinkerPop 3.3.0 and is represented by the `application/vnd.gremlin-v3.0+json`
mime type. It was introduced as only having embedded types. It is quite similar to GraphSON 2.0 with embedded types
and in most cases will appear compatible to the eye, however there are some critical differences. GraphSON 2.0 relied
on JSON data types for collections like `Map` and `List`. In GraphSON 3.0, there is explicit typed support for `Map`,
`List` and `Set` as Gremlin relies on those types in quite specific ways that are not directly compatible with the
JSON definitions of those collections. In the case of `List` and `Set`, it was important to distinguish between the
two and for `Map` it was necessary to have the ability to return `Map` instances that did not have `String` keys
(e.g. `g.V().out().groupCount()`).

As of TinkerPop 3.7.0, GraphSON 3.0 also has a typeless representation referenced by the
`application/vnd.gremlin-v3.0+json;types=false`. This format matches the format developed for 1.0.

=== Core

==== Class

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Class",
  "@value" : "java.io.File"
}
----

==== Date

Representing a millisecond-precision offset from the unix epoch. In Java, it is simply `Date.getTime()`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Date",
  "@value" : 1481750076295
}
----

==== Double

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Double",
  "@value" : 100.0
}
----

==== Float

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Float",
  "@value" : 100.0
}
----

==== Integer

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Int32",
  "@value" : 100
}
----

==== List

List is used to distinguish between different collection types as JSON is not explicit enough for all of Gremlin's requirements.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:List",
  "@value" : [ {
    "@type" : "g:Int32",
    "@value" : 1
  }, "person", true ]
}
----

==== Long

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Int64",
  "@value" : 100
}
----

==== Map

Map is redefined so that to provide the ability to allow for non-String keys, which is not possible in JSON.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Map",
  "@value" : [ {
    "@type" : "g:Date",
    "@value" : 1481750076295
  }, "red", {
    "@type" : "g:List",
    "@value" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 2
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 3
    } ]
  }, {
    "@type" : "g:Date",
    "@value" : 1481750076295
  }, "test", {
    "@type" : "g:Int32",
    "@value" : 123
  } ]
}
----

==== Set

Allows a JSON collection to behave as a Set.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Set",
  "@value" : [ {
    "@type" : "g:Int32",
    "@value" : 1
  }, "person", true ]
}
----

==== Timestamp

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Timestamp",
  "@value" : 1481750076295
}
----

==== UUID

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:UUID",
  "@value" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786"
}
----


=== Graph Structure

==== Edge

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Edge",
  "@value" : {
    "id" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 13
    },
    "label" : "develops",
    "inVLabel" : "software",
    "outVLabel" : "person",
    "inV" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 10
    },
    "outV" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    },
    "properties" : {
      "since" : {
        "@type" : "g:Property",
        "@value" : {
          "key" : "since",
          "value" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 2009
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
----

==== Path

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Path",
  "@value" : {
    "labels" : {
      "@type" : "g:List",
      "@value" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:Set",
        "@value" : [ ]
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Set",
        "@value" : [ ]
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Set",
        "@value" : [ ]
      } ]
    },
    "objects" : {
      "@type" : "g:List",
      "@value" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:Vertex",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "label" : "person"
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Vertex",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 10
          },
          "label" : "software"
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Vertex",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 11
          },
          "label" : "software"
        }
      } ]
    }
  }
}
----

==== Property

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Property",
  "@value" : {
    "key" : "since",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 2009
    }
  }
}
----

==== TinkerGraph

`TinkerGraph` has a custom serializer that is registered as part of the `TinkerIoRegistry`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "tinker:graph",
  "@value" : {
    "vertices" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 0
              },
              "value" : "marko",
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 6
              },
              "value" : "san diego",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1997
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "value" : "santa cruz",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "value" : "brussels",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "value" : "santa fe",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 1
              },
              "value" : "stephen",
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 10
              },
              "value" : "centreville",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1990
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2000
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 11
              },
              "value" : "dulles",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2000
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2006
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 12
              },
              "value" : "purcellville",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2006
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 2
              },
              "value" : "matthias",
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 13
              },
              "value" : "bremen",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2007
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 14
              },
              "value" : "baltimore",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2007
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2011
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 15
              },
              "value" : "oakland",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2011
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2014
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 16
              },
              "value" : "seattle",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2014
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 9
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 3
              },
              "value" : "daniel",
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 17
              },
              "value" : "spremberg",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1982
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 18
              },
              "value" : "kaiserslautern",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2009
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 19
              },
              "value" : "aachen",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2009
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "label" : "software",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 4
              },
              "value" : "gremlin",
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "label" : "software",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 5
              },
              "value" : "tinkergraph",
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    } ],
    "edges" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 13
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "since",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2009
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 14
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "since",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2010
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 15
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 4
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 16
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 5
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 17
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "since",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2010
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 18
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "since",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2011
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 19
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 5
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 20
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 7
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 4
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 21
        },
        "label" : "develops",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "properties" : {
          "since" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "since",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 2012
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 22
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 3
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 23
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 8
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 3
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 24
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 9
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 5
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 25
        },
        "label" : "uses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "person",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 9
        },
        "properties" : {
          "skill" : {
            "@type" : "g:Property",
            "@value" : {
              "key" : "skill",
              "value" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int32",
                "@value" : 3
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:Edge",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 26
        },
        "label" : "traverses",
        "inVLabel" : "software",
        "outVLabel" : "software",
        "inV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 11
        },
        "outV" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        }
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Vertex

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Vertex",
  "@value" : {
    "id" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    },
    "label" : "person",
    "properties" : {
      "name" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 0
          },
          "value" : "marko",
          "label" : "name"
        }
      } ],
      "location" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 6
          },
          "value" : "san diego",
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 1997
            },
            "endTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2001
            }
          }
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 7
          },
          "value" : "santa cruz",
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2001
            },
            "endTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2004
            }
          }
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 8
          },
          "value" : "brussels",
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2004
            },
            "endTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2005
            }
          }
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int64",
            "@value" : 9
          },
          "value" : "santa fe",
          "label" : "location",
          "properties" : {
            "startTime" : {
              "@type" : "g:Int32",
              "@value" : 2005
            }
          }
        }
      } ]
    }
  }
}
----

==== VertexProperty

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
  "@value" : {
    "id" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int64",
      "@value" : 0
    },
    "value" : "marko",
    "label" : "name"
  }
}
----


=== Graph Process

==== Barrier

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Barrier",
  "@value" : "normSack"
}
----

==== Binding

A "Binding" refers to a `Bytecode.Binding`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Binding",
  "@value" : {
    "key" : "x",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 1
    }
  }
}
----

==== BulkSet

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:BulkSet",
  "@value" : [ "marko", {
    "@type" : "g:Int64",
    "@value" : 1
  }, "josh", {
    "@type" : "g:Int64",
    "@value" : 2
  } ]
}
----

==== Bytecode

The following `Bytecode` example represents the traversal of `g.V().hasLabel('person').out().in().tree()`. Obviously the serialized `Bytecode` woudl be quite different for the endless variations of commands that could be used together in the Gremlin language.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Bytecode",
  "@value" : {
    "step" : [ [ "V" ], [ "hasLabel", "person" ], [ "out" ], [ "in" ], [ "tree" ] ]
  }
}
----

==== Cardinality

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Cardinality",
  "@value" : "list"
}
----

==== Column

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Column",
  "@value" : "keys"
}
----

==== Direction

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Direction",
  "@value" : "OUT"
}
----

==== DT

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:DT",
  "@value" : "minute"
}
----

==== Lambda

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Lambda",
  "@value" : {
    "script" : "{ it.get() }",
    "language" : "gremlin-groovy",
    "arguments" : 1
  }
}
----

==== Merge

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Merge",
  "@value" : "onMatch"
}
----

==== Metrics

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Metrics",
  "@value" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "dur", {
      "@type" : "g:Double",
      "@value" : 100.0
    }, "counts", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "traverserCount", {
        "@type" : "g:Int64",
        "@value" : 4
      }, "elementCount", {
        "@type" : "g:Int64",
        "@value" : 4
      } ]
    }, "name", "TinkerGraphStep(vertex,[~label.eq(person)])", "annotations", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "percentDur", {
        "@type" : "g:Double",
        "@value" : 25.0
      } ]
    }, "id", "7.0.0()", "metrics", {
      "@type" : "g:List",
      "@value" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:Metrics",
        "@value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Map",
          "@value" : [ "dur", {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 100.0
          }, "counts", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "traverserCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 7
            }, "elementCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 7
            } ]
          }, "name", "VertexStep(OUT,vertex)", "annotations", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "percentDur", {
              "@type" : "g:Double",
              "@value" : 25.0
            } ]
          }, "id", "3.0.0()" ]
        }
      } ]
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Operator

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Operator",
  "@value" : "sum"
}
----

==== Order

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Order",
  "@value" : "shuffle"
}
----

==== P

`P` expects a single value of a `List` of values. There is special handling for `List` values when it comes to `within`, `without`, `inside`, `outside` and `between`. For `inside`, `outside` and `between`, the expectation is that the collection contain two objects (the rest will be ignored) and those two objects become the arguments to those methods. For `within` and `without`, these methods will accept an arbitrary number of objects in the collection.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "gt",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int32",
      "@value" : 0
    }
  }
}
----

==== P within

Please see <<_p,P>> for additional information on `within`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "within",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:List",
      "@value" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      } ]
    }
  }
}
----

==== P without

Please see <<_p,P>> for additional information on `within`.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "without",
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:List",
      "@value" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 2
      } ]
    }
  }
}
----

==== P and

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "and",
    "value" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "gt",
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 0
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "lt",
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 10
        }
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== P or

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:P",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "or",
    "value" : [ {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "gt",
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 0
        }
      }
    }, {
      "@type" : "g:P",
      "@value" : {
        "predicate" : "within",
        "value" : {
          "@type" : "g:List",
          "@value" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : -1
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : -10
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : -100
          } ]
        }
      }
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Pick

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Pick",
  "@value" : "any"
}
----

==== Pop

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Pop",
  "@value" : "all"
}
----

==== Scope

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Scope",
  "@value" : "local"
}
----

==== T

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:T",
  "@value" : "label"
}
----

==== TextP

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:TextP",
  "@value" : {
    "predicate" : "containing",
    "value" : "ark"
  }
}
----

==== TraversalMetrics

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:TraversalMetrics",
  "@value" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "dur", {
      "@type" : "g:Double",
      "@value" : 0.004
    }, "metrics", {
      "@type" : "g:List",
      "@value" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:Metrics",
        "@value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Map",
          "@value" : [ "dur", {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 100.0
          }, "counts", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "traverserCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 4
            }, "elementCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 4
            } ]
          }, "name", "TinkerGraphStep(vertex,[~label.eq(person)])", "annotations", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "percentDur", {
              "@type" : "g:Double",
              "@value" : 25.0
            } ]
          }, "id", "7.0.0()" ]
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Metrics",
        "@value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Map",
          "@value" : [ "dur", {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 100.0
          }, "counts", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "traverserCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 13
            }, "elementCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 13
            } ]
          }, "name", "VertexStep(OUT,vertex)", "annotations", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "percentDur", {
              "@type" : "g:Double",
              "@value" : 25.0
            } ]
          }, "id", "2.0.0()" ]
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Metrics",
        "@value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Map",
          "@value" : [ "dur", {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 100.0
          }, "counts", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "traverserCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 7
            }, "elementCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 7
            } ]
          }, "name", "VertexStep(OUT,vertex)", "annotations", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "percentDur", {
              "@type" : "g:Double",
              "@value" : 25.0
            } ]
          }, "id", "3.0.0()" ]
        }
      }, {
        "@type" : "g:Metrics",
        "@value" : {
          "@type" : "g:Map",
          "@value" : [ "dur", {
            "@type" : "g:Double",
            "@value" : 100.0
          }, "counts", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "traverserCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 1
            }, "elementCount", {
              "@type" : "g:Int64",
              "@value" : 1
            } ]
          }, "name", "TreeStep", "annotations", {
            "@type" : "g:Map",
            "@value" : [ "percentDur", {
              "@type" : "g:Double",
              "@value" : 25.0
            } ]
          }, "id", "4.0.0()" ]
        }
      } ]
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Traverser

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "g:Traverser",
  "@value" : {
    "bulk" : {
      "@type" : "g:Int64",
      "@value" : 1
    },
    "value" : {
      "@type" : "g:Vertex",
      "@value" : {
        "id" : {
          "@type" : "g:Int32",
          "@value" : 1
        },
        "label" : "person",
        "properties" : {
          "name" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 0
              },
              "value" : "marko",
              "label" : "name"
            }
          } ],
          "location" : [ {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 6
              },
              "value" : "san diego",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 1997
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 7
              },
              "value" : "santa cruz",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2001
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 8
              },
              "value" : "brussels",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2004
                },
                "endTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          }, {
            "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
            "@value" : {
              "id" : {
                "@type" : "g:Int64",
                "@value" : 9
              },
              "value" : "santa fe",
              "label" : "location",
              "properties" : {
                "startTime" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int32",
                  "@value" : 2005
                }
              }
            }
          } ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
----


=== RequestMessage

==== Authentication Response

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of the response that should be made to a SASL-based authentication challenge.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "authentication",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "saslMechanism", "PLAIN", "sasl", "AHN0ZXBocGhlbgBwYXNzd29yZA==" ]
  }
}
----

==== Session Eval

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a simple session request for a script evaluation with parameters.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "gremlin", "g.V(x)", "language", "gremlin-groovy", "session", "unique-session-identifier", "bindings", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "x", {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      } ]
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Session Eval Aliased

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a session request for a script evaluation with an alias that binds the `TraversalSource` of "g" to "social".

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "gremlin", "social.V(x)", "language", "gremlin-groovy", "aliases", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "g", "social" ]
    }, "session", "unique-session-identifier", "bindings", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "x", {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      } ]
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Session Close

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a request to close a session.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "close",
  "processor" : "session",
  "args" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "session", "unique-session-identifier" ]
  }
}
----

==== Sessionless Eval

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a simple sessionless request for a script evaluation with parameters.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "gremlin", "g.V(x)", "language", "gremlin-groovy", "bindings", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "x", {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      } ]
    } ]
  }
}
----

==== Sessionless Eval Aliased

The following `RequestMessage` is an example of a sessionless request for a script evaluation with an alias that binds the `TraversalSource` of "g" to "social".

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "cb682578-9d92-4499-9ebc-5c6aa73c5397",
  "op" : "eval",
  "processor" : "",
  "args" : {
    "@type" : "g:Map",
    "@value" : [ "gremlin", "social.V(x)", "language", "gremlin-groovy", "aliases", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "g", "social" ]
    }, "bindings", {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ "x", {
        "@type" : "g:Int32",
        "@value" : 1
      } ]
    } ]
  }
}
----


=== ResponseMessage

==== Authentication Challenge

When authentication is enabled, an initial request to the server will result in an authentication challenge. The typical response message will appear as follows, but handling it could be different depending on the SASL implementation (e.g. multiple challenges may be requested in some cases, but not in the default provided by Gremlin Server).

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786",
  "status" : {
    "message" : "",
    "code" : 407,
    "attributes" : {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ ]
    }
  },
  "result" : {
    "data" : null,
    "meta" : {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ ]
    }
  }
}
----

==== Standard Result

The following `ResponseMessage` is a typical example of the typical successful response Gremlin Server will return when returning results from a script.

[source,json]
----
{
  "requestId" : "41d2e28a-20a4-4ab0-b379-d810dede3786",
  "status" : {
    "message" : "",
    "code" : 200,
    "attributes" : {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ ]
    }
  },
  "result" : {
    "data" : {
      "@type" : "g:List",
      "@value" : [ {
        "@type" : "g:Vertex",
        "@value" : {
          "id" : {
            "@type" : "g:Int32",
            "@value" : 1
          },
          "label" : "person",
          "properties" : {
            "name" : [ {
              "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
              "@value" : {
                "id" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int64",
                  "@value" : 0
                },
                "value" : "marko",
                "label" : "name"
              }
            } ],
            "location" : [ {
              "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
              "@value" : {
                "id" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int64",
                  "@value" : 6
                },
                "value" : "san diego",
                "label" : "location",
                "properties" : {
                  "startTime" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 1997
                  },
                  "endTime" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 2001
                  }
                }
              }
            }, {
              "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
              "@value" : {
                "id" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int64",
                  "@value" : 7
                },
                "value" : "santa cruz",
                "label" : "location",
                "properties" : {
                  "startTime" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 2001
                  },
                  "endTime" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 2004
                  }
                }
              }
            }, {
              "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
              "@value" : {
                "id" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int64",
                  "@value" : 8
                },
                "value" : "brussels",
                "label" : "location",
                "properties" : {
                  "startTime" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 2004
                  },
                  "endTime" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 2005
                  }
                }
              }
            }, {
              "@type" : "g:VertexProperty",
              "@value" : {
                "id" : {
                  "@type" : "g:Int64",
                  "@value" : 9
                },
                "value" : "santa fe",
                "label" : "location",
                "properties" : {
                  "startTime" : {
                    "@type" : "g:Int32",
                    "@value" : 2005
                  }
                }
              }
            } ]
          }
        }
      } ]
    },
    "meta" : {
      "@type" : "g:Map",
      "@value" : [ ]
    }
  }
}
----


=== Extended

Note that the "extended" types require the addition of the separate `GraphSONXModuleV3d0` module as follows:

[source,java]
----
mapper = GraphSONMapper.build().
                        typeInfo(TypeInfo.PARTIAL_TYPES).
                        addCustomModule(GraphSONXModuleV3.build()).
                        version(GraphSONVersion.V3_0).create().createMapper()
----

==== BigDecimal

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:BigDecimal",
  "@value" : 123456789987654321123456789987654321
}
----

==== BigInteger

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:BigInteger",
  "@value" : 123456789987654321123456789987654321
}
----

==== Byte

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Byte",
  "@value" : 1
}
----

==== ByteBuffer

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:ByteBuffer",
  "@value" : "c29tZSBieXRlcyBmb3IgeW91"
}
----

==== Char

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Char",
  "@value" : "x"
}
----

==== Duration

The following example is a `Duration` of five days.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Duration",
  "@value" : "PT120H"
}
----

==== InetAddress

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:InetAddress",
  "@value" : "localhost"
}
----

==== Instant

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Instant",
  "@value" : "2016-12-14T16:39:19.349Z"
}
----

==== LocalDate

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:LocalDate",
  "@value" : "2016-01-01"
}
----

==== LocalDateTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:LocalDateTime",
  "@value" : "2016-01-01T12:30"
}
----

==== LocalTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:LocalTime",
  "@value" : "12:30:45"
}
----

==== MonthDay

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:MonthDay",
  "@value" : "--01-01"
}
----

==== OffsetDateTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:OffsetDateTime",
  "@value" : "2007-12-03T10:15:30+01:00"
}
----

==== OffsetTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:OffsetTime",
  "@value" : "10:15:30+01:00"
}
----

==== Period

The following example is a `Period` of one year, six months and fifteen days.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Period",
  "@value" : "P1Y6M15D"
}
----

==== Short

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Int16",
  "@value" : 100
}
----

==== Year

The following example is of the `Year` "2016".

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:Year",
  "@value" : "2016"
}
----

==== YearMonth

The following example is a `YearMonth` of "June 2016"

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:YearMonth",
  "@value" : "2016-06"
}
----

==== ZonedDateTime

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:ZonedDateTime",
  "@value" : "2016-12-23T12:12:24.000000036+02:00[GMT+02:00]"
}
----

==== ZoneOffset

The following example is a `ZoneOffset` of three hours, six minutes, and nine seconds.

[source,json]
----
{
  "@type" : "gx:ZoneOffset",
  "@value" : "+03:06:09"
}
----
