/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.logging.log4j.util;

import static org.apache.logging.log4j.test.junit.SerialUtil.deserialize;
import static org.apache.logging.log4j.test.junit.SerialUtil.serialize;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertAll;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

/**
 * Tests the SortedArrayStringMap class.
 */
public class SortedArrayStringMapTest {

    @Test
    public void testConstructorDisallowsNegativeCapacity() {
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new SortedArrayStringMap(-1));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConstructorAllowsZeroCapacity() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap sortedArrayStringMap = new SortedArrayStringMap(0);
        assertEquals(0, sortedArrayStringMap.size());
    }

    @Test
    public void testConstructorIgnoresNull() {
        assertEquals(0, new SortedArrayStringMap((SortedArrayStringMap) null).size());
    }

    @Test
    public void testConstructorNonStringKeys() {
        final Map<Object, Integer> map = new HashMap<>(1);
        map.put(Long.MAX_VALUE, 1);
        map.put(null, null);
        final SortedArrayStringMap sMap = new SortedArrayStringMap((Map) map);
        assertEquals(1, (int) sMap.getValue(Long.toString(Long.MAX_VALUE)));
        assertEquals((Integer) null, sMap.getValue(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testToString() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals("{3=3value, B=Bvalue, a=avalue}", original.toString());
    }

    @Test
    public void testSerialization() throws Exception {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", null); // null may be treated differently
        original.putValue("3", "3value");

        final byte[] binary = serialize(original);
        final SortedArrayStringMap copy = deserialize(binary);
        assertEquals(original, copy);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSerializationOfEmptyMap() throws Exception {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        final byte[] binary = serialize(original);
        final SortedArrayStringMap copy = deserialize(binary);
        assertEquals(original, copy);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSerializationOfNonSerializableValue() throws Exception {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("unserializable", new Object());

        final byte[] binary = serialize(original);
        final SortedArrayStringMap copy = deserialize(binary);

        final SortedArrayStringMap expected = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        expected.putValue("a", "avalue");
        expected.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        expected.putValue("unserializable", null);
        assertEquals(expected, copy);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDeserializationOfUnknownClass() throws Exception {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("serializableButNotInClasspathOfDeserializer", new org.junit.runner.Result());
        original.putValue("zz", "last");

        final File file = new File("target/SortedArrayStringMap.ser");
        try (final FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(file, false)) {
            fout.write(serialize(original));
            fout.flush();
        }
        final String classpath = createClassPath(SortedArrayStringMap.class, DeserializerHelper.class);
        final Process process = new ProcessBuilder(
                        "java",
                        "-cp",
                        classpath,
                        DeserializerHelper.class.getName(),
                        file.getPath(),
                        "org.junit.runner.Result")
                .start();
        final BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
        final int exitValue = process.waitFor();

        file.delete();
        if (exitValue != 0) {
            final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.append("DeserializerHelper exited with error code ").append(exitValue);
            sb.append(". Classpath='").append(classpath);
            sb.append("'. Process output: ");
            int c = -1;
            while ((c = in.read()) != -1) {
                sb.append((char) c);
            }
            fail(sb.toString());
        }
    }

    private String createClassPath(final Class<?>... classes) throws Exception {
        final StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        for (final Class<?> cls : classes) {
            if (result.length() > 0) {
                result.append(File.pathSeparator);
            }
            result.append(createClassPath(cls));
        }
        return result.toString();
    }

    private String createClassPath(final Class<?> cls) throws Exception {
        final String resource = "/" + cls.getName().replace('.', '/') + ".class";
        final URL url = cls.getResource(resource);
        String location = url.toString();
        if (location.startsWith("jar:")) {
            location = location.substring("jar:".length(), location.indexOf('!'));
        }
        if (location.startsWith("file:/")) {
            location = location.substring("file:/".length());
        }
        if (location.endsWith(resource)) {
            location = location.substring(0, location.length() - resource.length());
        }
        if (!new File(location).exists()) {
            location = File.separator + location;
        }
        location = URLDecoder.decode(location, Charset.defaultCharset().name()); // replace %20 with ' ' etc
        return location.isEmpty() ? "." : location;
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putAll(original);
        assertEquals(original, other);

        other.putValue("3", "otherValue");
        assertNotEquals(original, other);

        other.putValue("3", null);
        assertNotEquals(original, other);

        other.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals(original, other);
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_overwritesSameKeys2() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");
        original.putValue("c", "cORIG");
        original.putValue("d", "dORIG");
        original.putValue("e", "eORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("2", "22");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        other.putValue("c", "cc");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(7, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("cc", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("dORIG", original.getValue("d"));
        assertEquals("eORIG", original.getValue("e"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("22", original.getValue("2"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_nullKeyInLargeOriginal() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue(null, "nullORIG");
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");
        original.putValue("c", "cORIG");
        original.putValue("d", "dORIG");
        original.putValue("e", "eORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(7, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("cORIG", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("dORIG", original.getValue("d"));
        assertEquals("eORIG", original.getValue("e"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("nullORIG", original.getValue(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_nullKeyInSmallOriginal() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue(null, "nullORIG");
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("2", "22");
        other.putValue("3", "33");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(6, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("22", original.getValue("2"));
        assertEquals("33", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("nullORIG", original.getValue(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_nullKeyInSmallAdditional() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");
        original.putValue("c", "cORIG");
        original.putValue("d", "dORIG");
        original.putValue("e", "eORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue(null, "nullNEW");
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(7, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("cORIG", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("dORIG", original.getValue("d"));
        assertEquals("eORIG", original.getValue("e"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("nullNEW", original.getValue(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_nullKeyInLargeAdditional() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue(null, "nullNEW");
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("2", "22");
        other.putValue("3", "33");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(6, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("22", original.getValue("2"));
        assertEquals("33", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("nullNEW", original.getValue(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_nullKeyInBoth_LargeOriginal() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue(null, "nullORIG");
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");
        original.putValue("c", "cORIG");
        original.putValue("d", "dORIG");
        original.putValue("e", "eORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue(null, "nullNEW");
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(7, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("cORIG", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("dORIG", original.getValue("d"));
        assertEquals("eORIG", original.getValue("e"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("nullNEW", original.getValue(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_nullKeyInBoth_SmallOriginal() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue(null, "nullORIG");
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue(null, "nullNEW");
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("2", "22");
        other.putValue("3", "33");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(6, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("22", original.getValue("2"));
        assertEquals("33", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("nullNEW", original.getValue(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_overwritesSameKeys1() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aORIG");
        original.putValue("b", "bORIG");
        original.putValue("c", "cORIG");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue("1", "11");
        other.putValue("2", "22");
        other.putValue("a", "aa");
        other.putValue("c", "cc");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(5, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bORIG", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("cc", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("11", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("22", original.getValue("2"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testEquals() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();

        assertEquals(other, original, "Empty maps are equal");
        assertEquals(other.hashCode(), original.hashCode(), "Empty maps have equal hashcode");
        assertNotEquals(original, "Object other than SortedArrayStringMap");

        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals(original, original); // equal to itself

        other.putValue("a", "avalue");
        assertNotEquals(original, other);

        other.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        assertNotEquals(original, other);

        other.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals(original, other);
        assertEquals(original.hashCode(), other.hashCode());

        other.putValue("3", "otherValue");
        assertNotEquals(original, other);

        other.putValue("3", null);
        assertNotEquals(original, other);
        assertNotEquals(original.hashCode(), other.hashCode());

        other.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals(original, other);
        assertEquals(other, original); // symmetry

        original.putValue("key not in other", "4value");
        other.putValue("key not in original", "4value");
        assertNotEquals(original, other);
        assertNotEquals(other, original); // symmetry
    }

    @Test
    public void testToMap() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");

        final Map<String, Object> expected = new HashMap<>();
        expected.put("a", "avalue");
        expected.put("B", "Bvalue");
        expected.put("3", "3value");

        assertEquals(expected, original.toMap());

        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> original.toMap().put("abc", "xyz"), "Expected map to be mutable");
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_KeepsExistingValues() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        original.putValue("b", "bbb");
        original.putValue("c", "ccc");
        assertEquals(3, original.size(), "size");

        // add empty context data
        original.putAll(new SortedArrayStringMap());
        assertEquals(3, original.size(), "size after put empty");
        assertEquals("aaa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bbb", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("ccc", original.getValue("c"));

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue("1", "111");
        other.putValue("2", "222");
        other.putValue("3", "333");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(6, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aaa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bbb", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("ccc", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("111", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("222", original.getValue("2"));
        assertEquals("333", original.getValue("3"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_sizePowerOfTwo() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        original.putValue("b", "bbb");
        original.putValue("c", "ccc");
        original.putValue("d", "ddd");
        assertEquals(4, original.size(), "size");

        // add empty context data
        original.putAll(new SortedArrayStringMap());
        assertEquals(4, original.size(), "size after put empty");
        assertEquals("aaa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bbb", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("ccc", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("ddd", original.getValue("d"));

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        other.putValue("1", "111");
        other.putValue("2", "222");
        other.putValue("3", "333");
        other.putValue("4", "444");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(8, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("aaa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bbb", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("ccc", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("ddd", original.getValue("d"));
        assertEquals("111", original.getValue("1"));
        assertEquals("222", original.getValue("2"));
        assertEquals("333", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("444", original.getValue("4"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAll_largeAddition() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue(null, "nullVal");
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        original.putValue("b", "bbb");
        original.putValue("c", "ccc");
        original.putValue("d", "ddd");
        assertEquals(5, original.size(), "size");

        final SortedArrayStringMap other = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
            other.putValue(String.valueOf(i), String.valueOf(i));
        }
        other.putValue(null, "otherVal");
        original.putAll(other);

        assertEquals(505, original.size(), "size after put other");
        assertEquals("otherVal", original.getValue(null));
        assertEquals("aaa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bbb", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("ccc", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("ddd", original.getValue("d"));
        for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
            assertEquals(String.valueOf(i), original.getValue(String.valueOf(i)));
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutAllSelfDoesNotModify() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        original.putValue("b", "bbb");
        original.putValue("c", "ccc");
        assertEquals(3, original.size(), "size");

        // putAll with self
        original.putAll(original);
        assertEquals(3, original.size(), "size after put empty");
        assertEquals("aaa", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("bbb", original.getValue("b"));
        assertEquals("ccc", original.getValue("c"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationBiConsumerPut() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(
                ConcurrentModificationException.class,
                () -> original.forEach((s, o) -> original.putValue("c", "other")));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationBiConsumerPutValue() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(
                ConcurrentModificationException.class,
                () -> original.forEach((s, o) -> original.putValue("c", "other")));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationBiConsumerRemove() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(ConcurrentModificationException.class, () -> original.forEach((s, o) -> original.remove("a")));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationBiConsumerClear() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(ConcurrentModificationException.class, () -> original.forEach((s, o) -> original.clear()));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationTriConsumerPut() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(
                ConcurrentModificationException.class,
                () -> original.forEach((s, o, o2) -> original.putValue("c", "other"), null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationTriConsumerPutValue() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(
                ConcurrentModificationException.class,
                () -> original.forEach((s, o, o2) -> original.putValue("c", "other"), null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationTriConsumerRemove() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(
                ConcurrentModificationException.class,
                () -> original.forEach((s, o, o2) -> original.remove("a"), null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testConcurrentModificationTriConsumerClear() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        assertThrows(
                ConcurrentModificationException.class, () -> original.forEach((s, o, o2) -> original.clear(), null));
    }

    @Test
    public void testInitiallyNotFrozen() {
        assertFalse(new SortedArrayStringMap().isFrozen());
    }

    @Test
    public void testIsFrozenAfterCallingFreeze() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        assertFalse(original.isFrozen(), "before freeze");
        original.freeze();
        assertTrue(original.isFrozen(), "after freeze");
    }

    @Test
    public void testFreezeProhibitsPutValue() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.freeze();
        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> original.putValue("a", "aaa"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testFreezeProhibitsRemove() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("b", "bbb");
        original.freeze();
        assertThrows(
                UnsupportedOperationException.class,
                () -> original.remove("b")); // existing key: modifies the collection
    }

    @Test
    public void testFreezeAllowsRemoveOfNonExistingKey() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("b", "bbb");
        original.freeze();
        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> original.remove("a"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testFreezeAllowsRemoveIfEmpty() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.freeze();
        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> original.remove("a"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testFreezeProhibitsClear() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "aaa");
        original.freeze();
        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, original::clear);
    }

    @Test
    public void testFreezeAllowsClearIfEmpty() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.freeze();
        assertDoesNotThrow(original::clear);
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutInsertsInAlphabeticOrder() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        original.putValue("c", "cvalue");
        original.putValue("d", "dvalue");

        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValueAt(2));

        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValue("B"));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValueAt(1));

        assertEquals("3value", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValueAt(0));

        assertEquals("cvalue", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("cvalue", original.getValueAt(3));

        assertEquals("dvalue", original.getValue("d"));
        assertEquals("dvalue", original.getValueAt(4));
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutValueInsertsInAlphabeticOrder() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        original.putValue("c", "cvalue");
        original.putValue("d", "dvalue");

        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValueAt(2));

        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValue("B"));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValueAt(1));

        assertEquals("3value", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValueAt(0));

        assertEquals("cvalue", original.getValue("c"));
        assertEquals("cvalue", original.getValueAt(3));

        assertEquals("dvalue", original.getValue("d"));
        assertEquals("dvalue", original.getValueAt(4));
    }

    @Test
    public void testNullKeysAllowed() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        original.putValue("c", "cvalue");
        original.putValue("d", "dvalue");
        assertEquals(5, original.size());
        assertEquals("{3=3value, B=Bvalue, a=avalue, c=cvalue, d=dvalue}", original.toString());

        original.putValue(null, "nullvalue");
        assertEquals(6, original.size());
        assertEquals("{null=nullvalue, 3=3value, B=Bvalue, a=avalue, c=cvalue, d=dvalue}", original.toString());

        original.putValue(null, "otherNullvalue");
        assertEquals("{null=otherNullvalue, 3=3value, B=Bvalue, a=avalue, c=cvalue, d=dvalue}", original.toString());
        assertEquals(6, original.size());

        original.putValue(null, "nullvalue");
        assertEquals(6, original.size());
        assertEquals("{null=nullvalue, 3=3value, B=Bvalue, a=avalue, c=cvalue, d=dvalue}", original.toString());

        original.putValue(null, "abc");
        assertEquals(6, original.size());
        assertEquals("{null=abc, 3=3value, B=Bvalue, a=avalue, c=cvalue, d=dvalue}", original.toString());
    }

    @Test
    public void testNullKeysCopiedToAsMap() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        original.putValue("c", "cvalue");
        original.putValue("d", "dvalue");
        assertEquals(5, original.size());

        final HashMap<String, String> expected = new HashMap<>();
        expected.put("a", "avalue");
        expected.put("B", "Bvalue");
        expected.put("3", "3value");
        expected.put("c", "cvalue");
        expected.put("d", "dvalue");
        assertEquals(expected, original.toMap(), "initial");

        original.putValue(null, "nullvalue");
        expected.put(null, "nullvalue");
        assertEquals(6, original.size());
        assertEquals(expected, original.toMap(), "with null key");

        original.putValue(null, "otherNullvalue");
        expected.put(null, "otherNullvalue");
        assertEquals(6, original.size());
        assertEquals(expected, original.toMap(), "with null key value2");

        original.putValue(null, "nullvalue");
        expected.put(null, "nullvalue");
        assertEquals(6, original.size());
        assertEquals(expected, original.toMap(), "with null key value1 again");

        original.putValue(null, "abc");
        expected.put(null, "abc");
        assertEquals(6, original.size());
        assertEquals(expected, original.toMap(), "with null key value3");
    }

    @Test
    public void testRemove() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        assertEquals(1, original.size());
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));

        original.remove("a");
        assertEquals(0, original.size());
        assertNull(original.getValue("a"), "no a val");

        original.remove("B");
        assertEquals(0, original.size());
        assertNull(original.getValue("B"), "no B val");
    }

    @Test
    public void testRemoveNullsOutRemovedSlot() throws Exception {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("b", "bvalue");
        original.putValue("c", "cvalue");
        original.putValue("d", "dvalue");
        original.remove("a");
        original.remove("b");
        original.remove("c");
        original.remove("d");
        assertNull(original.getValueAt(0));

        // ensure slots in the values array are nulled out
        final Field f = SortedArrayStringMap.class.getDeclaredField("values");
        f.setAccessible(true);
        final Object[] values = (Object[]) f.get(original);
        assertAll(Arrays.stream(values).map(value -> () -> assertNull(value)));
    }

    @Test
    public void testRemoveWhenFull() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("b", "bvalue");
        original.putValue("c", "cvalue");
        original.putValue("d", "dvalue"); // default capacity = 4
        original.remove("d");
    }

    @Test
    public void testNullValuesArePreserved() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        assertEquals(1, original.size());
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));

        original.putValue("a", null);
        assertEquals(1, original.size());
        assertNull(original.getValue("a"), "no a val");

        original.putValue("B", null);
        assertEquals(2, original.size());
        assertNull(original.getValue("B"), "no B val");
    }

    @Test
    public void testGet() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");

        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValue("B"));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValue("3"));

        original.putValue("0", "0value");
        assertEquals("0value", original.getValue("0"));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValue("B"));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetValue_GetValueAt() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");

        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValueAt(2));

        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValue("B"));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValueAt(1));

        assertEquals("3value", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValueAt(0));

        original.putValue("0", "0value");
        assertEquals("0value", original.getValue("0"));
        assertEquals("0value", original.getValueAt(0));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValue("3"));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValueAt(1));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValue("B"));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValueAt(2));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValue("a"));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValueAt(3));
    }

    @Test
    public void testClear() throws Exception {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals(3, original.size());

        original.clear();
        assertEquals(0, original.size());

        // ensure slots in the values array are nulled out
        final Field f = SortedArrayStringMap.class.getDeclaredField("values");
        f.setAccessible(true);
        final Object[] values = (Object[]) f.get(original);
        assertAll(Arrays.stream(values).map(value -> () -> assertNull(value)));
    }

    @Test
    public void testIndexOfKey() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        assertEquals(0, original.indexOfKey("a"));

        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        assertEquals(1, original.indexOfKey("a"));
        assertEquals(0, original.indexOfKey("B"));

        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals(2, original.indexOfKey("a"));
        assertEquals(1, original.indexOfKey("B"));
        assertEquals(0, original.indexOfKey("3"));

        original.putValue("A", "AAA");
        assertEquals(3, original.indexOfKey("a"));
        assertEquals(2, original.indexOfKey("B"));
        assertEquals(1, original.indexOfKey("A"));
        assertEquals(0, original.indexOfKey("3"));

        original.putValue("C", "CCC");
        assertEquals(4, original.indexOfKey("a"));
        assertEquals(3, original.indexOfKey("C"));
        assertEquals(2, original.indexOfKey("B"));
        assertEquals(1, original.indexOfKey("A"));
        assertEquals(0, original.indexOfKey("3"));

        original.putValue("2", "222");
        assertEquals(5, original.indexOfKey("a"));
        assertEquals(4, original.indexOfKey("C"));
        assertEquals(3, original.indexOfKey("B"));
        assertEquals(2, original.indexOfKey("A"));
        assertEquals(1, original.indexOfKey("3"));
        assertEquals(0, original.indexOfKey("2"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testContainsKey() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("a"), "a");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("B"), "B");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("3"), "3");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("A"), "A");

        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("a"), "a");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("B"), "B");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("3"), "3");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("A"), "A");

        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("a"), "a");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("B"), "B");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("3"), "3");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("A"), "A");

        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("a"), "a");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("B"), "B");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("3"), "3");
        assertFalse(original.containsKey("A"), "A");

        original.putValue("A", "AAA");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("a"), "a");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("B"), "B");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("3"), "3");
        assertTrue(original.containsKey("A"), "A");
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetValueAt() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        assertEquals("a", original.getKeyAt(0));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValueAt(0));

        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        assertEquals("B", original.getKeyAt(0));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValueAt(0));
        assertEquals("a", original.getKeyAt(1));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValueAt(1));

        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals("3", original.getKeyAt(0));
        assertEquals("3value", original.getValueAt(0));
        assertEquals("B", original.getKeyAt(1));
        assertEquals("Bvalue", original.getValueAt(1));
        assertEquals("a", original.getKeyAt(2));
        assertEquals("avalue", original.getValueAt(2));
    }

    @Test
    public void testSizeAndIsEmpty() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        assertEquals(0, original.size());
        assertTrue(original.isEmpty(), "initial");

        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        assertEquals(1, original.size());
        assertFalse(original.isEmpty(), "size=" + original.size());

        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        assertEquals(2, original.size());
        assertFalse(original.isEmpty(), "size=" + original.size());

        original.putValue("3", "3value");
        assertEquals(3, original.size());
        assertFalse(original.isEmpty(), "size=" + original.size());

        original.remove("B");
        assertEquals(2, original.size());
        assertFalse(original.isEmpty(), "size=" + original.size());

        original.remove("3");
        assertEquals(1, original.size());
        assertFalse(original.isEmpty(), "size=" + original.size());

        original.remove("a");
        assertEquals(0, original.size());
        assertTrue(original.isEmpty(), "size=" + original.size());
    }

    @Test
    public void testForEachBiConsumer() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");

        original.forEach(new BiConsumer<String, String>() {
            int count = 0;

            @Override
            public void accept(final String key, final String value) {
                assertEquals(key, original.getKeyAt(count), "key");
                assertEquals(value, original.getValueAt(count), "val");
                count++;
                assertTrue(count <= original.size(), "count should not exceed size but was " + count);
            }
        });
    }

    static class State {
        SortedArrayStringMap data;
        int count;
    }

    static TriConsumer<String, String, State> COUNTER = (key, value, state) -> {
        assertEquals(key, state.data.getKeyAt(state.count), "key");
        assertEquals(value, state.data.getValueAt(state.count), "val");
        state.count++;
        assertTrue(state.count <= state.data.size(), "count should not exceed size but was " + state.count);
    };

    @Test
    public void testForEachTriConsumer() {
        final SortedArrayStringMap original = new SortedArrayStringMap();
        original.putValue("a", "avalue");
        original.putValue("B", "Bvalue");
        original.putValue("3", "3value");

        final State state = new State();
        state.data = original;
        original.forEach(COUNTER, state);
        assertEquals(state.count, original.size());
    }
}
