Package groovy.json

# Class JsonBuilder

java.lang.Object
groovy.lang.GroovyObjectSupport
groovy.json.JsonBuilder

All Implemented Interfaces:
  `GroovyObject`, `Writable`

public class JsonBuilder extends GroovyObjectSupport implements Writable
A builder for creating JSON payloads.

This builder supports the usual builder syntax made of nested method calls and closures, but also some specific aspects of JSON data structures, such as list of values, etc. Please make sure to have a look at the various methods provided by this builder to be able to learn about the various possibilities of usage.

Example:

           def builder = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
           def root = builder.people {
               person {
                   firstName 'Guillame'
                   lastName 'Laforge'
                   // Named arguments are valid values for objects too
                   address(
                           city: 'Paris',
                           country: 'France',
                           zip: 12345,
                   )
                   married true
                   // a list of values
                   conferences 'JavaOne', 'Gr8conf'
               }
           }

           // creates a data structure made of maps (Json object) and lists (Json array)
           assert root instanceof Map

           assert builder.toString() == '{"people":{"person":{"firstName":"Guillame","lastName":"Laforge","address":{"city":"Paris","country":"France","zip":12345},"married":true,"conferences":["JavaOne","Gr8conf"]}}}'

Since:
  1.8.0

- ## Constructor Summary

  Constructors
  Constructor
  Description
  `JsonBuilder()`
  Instantiates a JSON builder.
  `JsonBuilder(JsonGenerator generator)`
  Instantiates a JSON builder with a configured generator.
  `JsonBuilder(Object content)`
  Instantiates a JSON builder with some existing data structure.
  `JsonBuilder(Object content, JsonGenerator generator)`
  Instantiates a JSON builder with some existing data structure and a configured generator.

- ## Method Summary

  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `Object`
  `call(Closure c)`
  A closure passed to a JSON builder will create a root JSON object
  `Object`
  `call(Iterable coll, Closure c)`
  A collection and closure passed to a JSON builder will create a root JSON array applying the closure to each object in the collection
  `Object`
  `call(Object... args)`
  Varargs elements as arguments to the JSON builder create a root JSON array
  `Object`
  `call(Collection coll, Closure c)`
  Delegates to `call(Iterable, Closure)`
  `Object`
  `call(List l)`
  A list of elements as arguments to the JSON builder creates a root JSON array
  `Object`
  `call(Map m)`
  Named arguments can be passed to the JSON builder instance to create a root JSON object
  `Object`
  `getContent()`
  `Object`
  `invokeMethod(String name, Object args)`
  A method call on the JSON builder instance will create a root object with only one key whose name is the name of the method being called.
  `String`
  `toPrettyString()`
  Pretty-prints and formats the JSON payload.
  `String`
  `toString()`
  Serializes the internal data structure built with the builder to a conformant JSON payload string
  `Writer`
  `writeTo(Writer out)`
  The JSON builder implements the `Writable` interface, so that you can have the builder serialize itself the JSON payload to a writer.

  ### Methods inherited from class groovy.lang.GroovyObjectSupport

  `getMetaClass, setMetaClass`

  ### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

  `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

  ### Methods inherited from interface groovy.lang.GroovyObject

  `getProperty, setProperty`

- ## Constructor Details

  - ### JsonBuilder

    public JsonBuilder()
    Instantiates a JSON builder.

  - ### JsonBuilder

    public JsonBuilder(JsonGenerator generator)
    Instantiates a JSON builder with a configured generator.
    Parameters:
      `generator` - used to generate the output
    Since:
      2.5.0

  - ### JsonBuilder

    public JsonBuilder(Object content)
    Instantiates a JSON builder with some existing data structure.
    Parameters:
      `content` - a pre-existing data structure

  - ### JsonBuilder

    public JsonBuilder(Object content, JsonGenerator generator)
    Instantiates a JSON builder with some existing data structure and a configured generator.
    Parameters:
      `content` - a pre-existing data structure
      `generator` - used to generate the output
    Since:
      2.5.0

- ## Method Details

  - ### getContent

    public Object getContent()

  - ### call

    public Object call(Map m)
    Named arguments can be passed to the JSON builder instance to create a root JSON object

    Example:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         json name: "Guillaume", age: 33

         assert json.toString() == '{"name":"Guillaume","age":33}'

    Parameters:
      `m` - a map of key / value pairs
    Returns:
      a map of key / value pairs

  - ### call

    public Object call(List l)
    A list of elements as arguments to the JSON builder creates a root JSON array

    Example:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         def result = json([1, 2, 3])

         assert result instanceof List
         assert json.toString() == "[1,2,3]"

    Parameters:
      `l` - a list of values
    Returns:
      a list of values

  - ### call

    public Object call(Object... args)
    Varargs elements as arguments to the JSON builder create a root JSON array

    Example:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         def result = json 1, 2, 3

         assert result instanceof List
         assert json.toString() == "[1,2,3]"

    Parameters:
      `args` - an array of values
    Returns:
      a list of values

  - ### call

    public Object call(Iterable coll, Closure c)
    A collection and closure passed to a JSON builder will create a root JSON array applying the closure to each object in the collection

    Example:

         class Author {
              String name
         }
         def authors = [new Author (name: "Guillaume"), new Author (name: "Jochen"), new Author (name: "Paul")]

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         json authors, { Author author ->
              name author.name
         }

         assert json.toString() == '[{"name":"Guillaume"},{"name":"Jochen"},{"name":"Paul"}]'

    Parameters:
      `coll` - a collection
      `c` - a closure used to convert the objects of coll
    Returns:
      a list of values

  - ### call

    public Object call(Collection coll, Closure c)
    Delegates to `call(Iterable, Closure)`

  - ### call

    public Object call(Closure c)
    A closure passed to a JSON builder will create a root JSON object

    Example:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         def result = json {
              name "Guillaume"
              age 33
         }

         assert result instanceof Map
         assert json.toString() == '{"name":"Guillaume","age":33}'

    Parameters:
      `c` - a closure whose method call statements represent key / values of a JSON object
    Returns:
      a map of key / value pairs

  - ### invokeMethod

    public Object invokeMethod(String name, Object args)
    A method call on the JSON builder instance will create a root object with only one key whose name is the name of the method being called. This method takes as arguments:
    - a closure
    - a map (ie. named arguments)
    - a map and a closure
    - or no argument at all

    Example with a classical builder-style:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         def result = json.person {
              name "Guillaume"
              age 33
         }

         assert result instanceof Map
         assert json.toString() == '{"person":{"name":"Guillaume","age":33}}'

    Or alternatively with a method call taking named arguments:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         json.person name: "Guillaume", age: 33

         assert json.toString() == '{"person":{"name":"Guillaume","age":33}}'

    If you use named arguments and a closure as last argument, the key/value pairs of the map (as named arguments) and the key/value pairs represented in the closure will be merged together — the closure properties overriding the map key/values in case the same key is used.

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         json.person(name: "Guillaume", age: 33) { town "Paris" }

         assert json.toString() == '{"person":{"name":"Guillaume","age":33,"town":"Paris"}}'

    The empty args call will create a key whose value will be an empty JSON object:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         json.person()

         assert json.toString() == '{"person":{}}'

    Specified by:
      `invokeMethod` in interface `GroovyObject`
    Parameters:
      `name` - the single key
      `args` - the value associated with the key
    Returns:
      a map with a single key

  - ### toString

    public String toString()
    Serializes the internal data structure built with the builder to a conformant JSON payload string

    Example:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         json { temperature 37 }

         assert json.toString() == '{"temperature":37}'

    Overrides:
      `toString` in class `Object`
    Returns:
      a JSON output

  - ### toPrettyString

    public String toPrettyString()
    Pretty-prints and formats the JSON payload.

    This method calls the JsonLexer to parser the output of the builder, so this may not be an optimal method to call, and should be used mainly for debugging purpose for a human-readable output of the JSON content.

    Returns:
      a pretty printed JSON output

  - ### writeTo

    public Writer writeTo(Writer out) throws IOException
    The JSON builder implements the `Writable` interface, so that you can have the builder serialize itself the JSON payload to a writer.

    Example:

         def json = new groovy.json.JsonBuilder()
         json { temperature 37 }

         def out = new StringWriter()
         out << json

         assert out.toString() == '{"temperature":37}'

    Specified by:
      `writeTo` in interface `Writable`
    Parameters:
      `out` - a writer on which to serialize the JSON payload
    Returns:
      the writer
    Throws:
      `IOException` - if an error occurred while outputting data to the writer