/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.daffodil.lib.util

import java.io.File
import javax.xml.XMLConstants
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser
import scala.collection.mutable
import scala.language.reflectiveCalls
import scala.xml.Attribute
import scala.xml.Elem
import scala.xml.MetaData
import scala.xml.NamespaceBinding
import scala.xml.Node
import scala.xml.Null
import scala.xml.SAXParseException
import scala.xml.Text
import scala.xml.parsing.NoBindingFactoryAdapter

import org.apache.daffodil.lib.exceptions.Assert
import org.apache.daffodil.lib.util.Implicits.using
import org.apache.daffodil.lib.xml.DaffodilSAXParserFactory
import org.apache.daffodil.lib.xml.NS.implicitNStoString
import org.apache.daffodil.lib.xml.XMLUtils

import org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLInputSource
import org.apache.xml.resolver.Catalog
import org.apache.xml.resolver.CatalogManager
import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
import org.junit.Assert.fail
import org.junit.Test
import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler
import org.xml.sax.DTDHandler
import org.xml.sax.EntityResolver
import org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler
import org.xml.sax.InputSource
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl

object Implicits {

  /**
   * Used for reading/writing to database, files, etc.
   * Code From the book "Beginning Scala"
   * http://www.amazon.com/Beginning-Scala-David-Pollak/dp/1430219890
   */
  def using[A <: { def close(): Unit }, B](param: A)(f: A => B): B =
    try { f(param) }
    finally { param.close() }

}

/**
 * The goal here is to integrate XML Catalog with XSD Validation, so that both
 * the DFDL Schema references to other DFDL Schema namespaces would be resolved via
 * the XML Catalog, as well as the DFDL-schema-for-DFDL-schemas, and the TDML test
 * data schemas.
 *
 * Note: the testing technique used in test1 and test2 is something we'll want to copy
 * for testing on the scoping/front-end stuff. It lays down temporary files for schemas
 * and data, and then runs tests, then cleans up the files. This pattern will be
 * prevalent in tests for Daffodil generally.
 *
 * This needs a repeatable framework to avoid all the code duplication.
 */
class TestXMLCatalogAndValidate {

  val tdml = XMLUtils.TDML_NAMESPACE
  val dfdl = XMLUtils.DFDL_NAMESPACE
  val xsi = XMLUtils.XSI_NAMESPACE
  val xsd = XMLUtils.XSD_NAMESPACE
  val example = "http://www.example.com/"
  val ex1 = example + "1"
  val ex2 = example + "2"
  // val sub = XMLUtils.DFDL_XMLSCHEMASUBSET_NAMESPACE

  // In this test, the schema says the data must be an int.
  // The data is 'abc' so this should fail to validate.
  // But that will only happen if we in fact are resolving the URN for example
  // to a file that it is able to load.
  //
  def tempFileName(suffix: String): File = {
    val f = File.createTempFile("DFDLTest", suffix)
    val fn = f.getAbsolutePath()
    f.delete()
    new File(fn)
  }

  @Test def test1(): Unit = {

    // lets make sure we're not using files that would naturally be on the classpath
    val tmpSchemaFileName = tempFileName("_sch.xsd")
    val tmpDataFileName = tempFileName("_data.xml")
    val tmpCatalogFileName = tempFileName("_cat.catalog.xml")

    // This version doesn't seem to read a catalog this way
    System.setProperty("xml.catalog.files", tmpCatalogFileName.getAbsolutePath())
    System.setProperty(
      "xml.catalog.ignoreMissing",
      "true",
    ) // silence warning about missing Catalog.properties
    // System.setProperty("xml.catalog.verbosity", "4") // has no effect... grr

    val testSchema =
      <schema xmlns={xsd} targetNamespace={example} xmlns:tns={example} xmlns:xsd={
        xsd
      } xmlns:xsi={xsi}>
        <element name="data" type="xsd:int"/>
      </schema>

    val testSuite = <data xmlns={example}>abc</data>

    val testCatalog = <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
                        <uri name={example} uri={tmpSchemaFileName.toURI().toString()}/>
                      </catalog>

    try {
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpSchemaFileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testSchema.toString())
      }
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpDataFileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testSuite.toString())
      }
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpCatalogFileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testCatalog.toString())
      }

      val loader = XMLLoaderFactory()
      loader.loadFile(tmpDataFileName) // that should validate it.
      val excs = loader.exceptionList

      val hasErroneousData = excs.exists { _.getMessage().contains("abc") }
      assertTrue(hasErroneousData)

    } finally {
      try {
        val f = tmpSchemaFileName
        f.delete()
      } finally {
        try {
          val t = tmpDataFileName
          t.delete()
        } finally {
          val c = tmpCatalogFileName
          c.delete()
        }
      }
    }
  }

  @Test def test2(): Unit = {

    val tmpSchema1FileName = tempFileName("_sch1.xsd")
    val tmpSchema2FileName = tempFileName("_sch2.xsd")
    val tmpDataFileName = tempFileName("_data.xml")
    val tmpCatalogFileName = tempFileName("_cat.catalog.xml")

    System.setProperty("xml.catalog.files", tmpCatalogFileName.getAbsolutePath)
    System.setProperty("xml.catalog.ignoreMissing", "true")
    // System.setProperty("xml.catalog.verbosity", "4") // has no effect... grr

    val testSchema1 =
      <schema xmlns={xsd} targetNamespace={ex1} xmlns:ex2={ex2}>
        <import namespace={ex2}/>
        <element name="data" type="ex2:dataType"/>
      </schema>
    val testSchema2 =
      <schema xmlns={xsd} targetNamespace={ex2} xmlns:xsd={xsd}>
        <simpleType name="dataType">
          <restriction base="xsd:int"/>
        </simpleType>
      </schema>
    System.setProperty("xml.catalog.files", tmpCatalogFileName.getAbsolutePath())

    val testSuite = <data xmlns={ex1}>abc</data>

    val testCatalog = <catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
                        <uri name={ex1} uri={tmpSchema1FileName.toURI().toString()}/>
                        <uri name={ex2} uri={tmpSchema2FileName.toURI().toString()}/>
                      </catalog>

    try {
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpSchema1FileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testSchema1.toString())
      }
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpSchema2FileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testSchema2.toString())
      }
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpDataFileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testSuite.toString())
      }
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpCatalogFileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testCatalog.toString())
      }

      val loader = XMLLoaderFactory()
      loader.loadFile(tmpDataFileName) // that should validate it.
      val excs = loader.exceptionList

      val hasErroneousData = excs.exists { _.getMessage().contains("abc") }
      assertTrue(hasErroneousData)

    } finally {
      try {
        val f = tmpSchema1FileName
        f.delete()
      } finally {
        try {
          val f = tmpSchema2FileName
          f.delete()
        } finally {
          try {
            val t = tmpDataFileName
            t.delete()
          } finally {
            val c = tmpCatalogFileName
            c.delete()
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  @Test def test3(): Unit = {
    // lets make sure we're not using files that would naturally be on the classpath
    System.setProperty("xml.catalog.ignoreMissing", "true")

    val testSuite = <schema xmlns={xsd} targetNamespace={ex1}>
                      <foobar/>
                    </schema>

    val tmpDataFileName = tempFileName("_data.xml")
    try {
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpDataFileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testSuite.toString())
      }

      val loader = XMLLoaderFactory()
      loader.loadFile(tmpDataFileName) // that should validate it.
      val excs = loader.exceptionList

      val hasErroneousData = excs.exists { _.getMessage().contains("foobar") }
      assertTrue(hasErroneousData)

    } finally {
      val t = tmpDataFileName
      t.delete()
    }
  }

  @Test def test4(): Unit = {
    // lets make sure we're not using files that would naturally be on the classpath
    System.setProperty("xml.catalog.ignoreMissing", "true")

    val testSuite = <schema xmlns={xsd} targetNamespace={
      ex1
    } xmlns:dfdl="http://www.ogf.org/dfdl/dfdl-1.0/">
                      <annotation><appinfo source="http://www.ogf.org/dfdl/">
                                    <dfdl:format foobar="quuxly"/>
                                  </appinfo></annotation>
                    </schema>

    val tmpDataFileName = tempFileName("_data.xml")
    try {
      using(new java.io.FileWriter(tmpDataFileName)) { fw =>
        fw.write(testSuite.toString())
      }

      val loader = XMLLoaderFactory()
      // val elem =
      loader.loadFile(tmpDataFileName) // that should validate it.
      val excs = loader.exceptionList
      // println("Element = " + elem)
      // println("Exception List = " + excs)
      val hasErroneousData = excs.exists { _.getMessage().contains("foobar") }
      assertTrue(hasErroneousData)

    } finally {
      val t = tmpDataFileName
      t.delete()
    }
  }
}

// From: http://weblogs.java.net/blog/cayhorstmann/archive/2011/12/12/sordid-tale-xml-catalogs

object XMLLoaderFactory {
  def apply() = {
    val loader = new SchemaAwareFactoryAdapter()
    loader
  }

  //  val doc = loader.load(new URL("http://horstmann.com/index.html"))
  //  println(doc);
}

// From http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1627111/how-does-one-validate-the-schema-of-an-xml-file-using-scala

class SchemaAwareFactoryAdapter() extends NoBindingFactoryAdapter {

  var fileName: String = ""

  var saxLocator: org.xml.sax.Locator = _

  // Get location
  override def setDocumentLocator(locator: org.xml.sax.Locator): Unit = {
    //    println("setDocumentLocator line=%s col=%s sysID=%s, pubID=%s".format(
    //      locator.getLineNumber, locator.getColumnNumber,
    //      locator.getSystemId, locator.getPublicId))
    this.saxLocator = locator
    super.setDocumentLocator(locator)
  }

  case class Locator(line: Int, col: Int, sysID: String, pubID: String)

  // Without a trick, locators will always provide the end position of an element
  // and we want the start position.
  // With this trick, the line and column will be of the ending ">" of the
  // starting element tag.

  // startElement saves locator information on stack
  val locatorStack = new mutable.ArrayStack[Locator]
  // endElement pops it off into here
  var elementStartLocator: Locator = _

  // create node then uses it.
  override def createNode(
    pre: String,
    label: String,
    attrs: MetaData,
    scope: NamespaceBinding,
    children: List[Node],
  ): Elem = {

    // If we're the xs:schema node, then append attribute for _file_ as well.
    val nsURI = scope.getURI(pre)
    val isXSSchemaNode = (label == "schema" && nsURI != null &&
      (nsURI == XMLUtils.XSD_NAMESPACE))
    val isTDMLTestSuiteNode = (label == "testSuite" && nsURI != null &&
      nsURI == XMLUtils.TDML_NAMESPACE)
    val isFileRootNode = isXSSchemaNode || isTDMLTestSuiteNode

    // augment the scope with the dafint namespace binding but only
    // for root nodes (to avoid clutter with the long xmlns:dafint="big uri")
    // and only if it isn't already there.
    val scopeWithDafInt =
      if (
        scope.getPrefix(XMLUtils.INT_NS) == null
        && isFileRootNode
      )
        NamespaceBinding(XMLUtils.INT_PREFIX, XMLUtils.INT_NS, scope)
      else scope

    val haveFileName = isFileRootNode && fileName != ""

    val asIs = super.createNode(pre, label, attrs, scopeWithDafInt, children)

    val alreadyHasFile =
      attrs.get(XMLUtils.INT_NS, scopeWithDafInt, XMLUtils.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME) != None

    // If there is already a _line_ attribute, then we're reloading something
    // that was probably converted back into a string and written out.
    // The original line numbers are therefore the ones wanted, not any new
    // line numbers, so we don't displace any line numbers that already existed.

    val alreadyHasLine =
      attrs.get(XMLUtils.INT_NS, scopeWithDafInt, XMLUtils.LINE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME) != None
    val alreadyHasCol =
      attrs.get(XMLUtils.INT_NS, scopeWithDafInt, XMLUtils.COLUMN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME) != None
    Assert.invariant(alreadyHasLine == alreadyHasCol)

    val lineAttr =
      if (alreadyHasLine) Null
      else
        Attribute(
          XMLUtils.INT_PREFIX,
          XMLUtils.LINE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME,
          Text(elementStartLocator.line.toString),
          Null,
        )
    val colAttr =
      if (alreadyHasCol) Null
      else
        Attribute(
          XMLUtils.INT_PREFIX,
          XMLUtils.COLUMN_ATTRIBUTE_NAME,
          Text(elementStartLocator.col.toString),
          Null,
        )
    val fileAttr =
      if (alreadyHasFile || !haveFileName) Null
      else {
        Attribute(XMLUtils.INT_PREFIX, XMLUtils.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, Text(fileName), Null)
      }

    // % operator creates a new element with updated attributes
    val res = asIs % lineAttr % colAttr % fileAttr
    //        % (if (hasSysID) Attribute("_sysID_", Text(elementStartLocator.sysID), Null) else Null)
    //        % (if (hasPubID) Attribute("_pubID_", Text(elementStartLocator.pubID), Null) else Null)
    // System.err.println("Create Node: " + res)
    res
  }

  override def startElement(
    uri: String,
    _localName: String,
    qname: String,
    attributes: org.xml.sax.Attributes,
  ): Unit = {
    // System.err.println("startElement")
    val loc = Locator(
      saxLocator.getLineNumber,
      saxLocator.getColumnNumber,
      saxLocator.getSystemId,
      saxLocator.getPublicId,
    )
    locatorStack.push(loc)
    super.startElement(uri, _localName, qname, attributes)
  }

  override def endElement(uri: String, _localName: String, qname: String): Unit = {
    // println("endElement")
    elementStartLocator = locatorStack.pop
    super.endElement(uri, _localName, qname)
  }

  // System.err.println("Creating " + getClass().getName())
  val res = new MyResolver()
  // System.err.println("Creating parser")
  val f = DaffodilSAXParserFactory()
  f.setNamespaceAware(true)
  f.setFeature("http://xml.org/sax/features/namespace-prefixes", true)
  f.setFeature("http://xml.org/sax/features/validation", true)
  f.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/validation/dynamic", true)
  f.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/validation/schema", true)
  f.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/validation/schema-full-checking", true)
  f.setFeature(XMLConstants.FEATURE_SECURE_PROCESSING, true)
  f.setValidating(true)
  val p = f.newSAXParser()
  val r = p.getXMLReader()

  // We must use XMLReader setProperty() function to set the entity resolver--calling
  // setEntityResolver with the Xerces XML reader causes validation to fail for some
  // reason. We call the right function below, but unfortunately, scala-xml calls
  // setEntityResolver in loadDocument(), which cannot be disabled and scala-xml does not
  // want to change. To avoid this, we wrap the Xerces XMLReader in an XMLFilterImpl and
  // override setEntityResolver to a no-op. However, XMLFilterImpl parse() calls
  // setEntityResolver() on the XMLReader, which for the same reason as before causes
  // issues. To fix this, we can override parse() to just pass through to the parent, but
  // that means we must override the various set/get handler functions to also pass
  // through to the parent.
  val xr = new XMLFilterImpl(r) {
    override def setEntityResolver(resolver: EntityResolver): Unit = {} // no-op
    override def parse(input: InputSource): Unit = getParent.parse(input)

    override def setContentHandler(handler: ContentHandler): Unit =
      getParent.setContentHandler(handler)
    override def setDTDHandler(handler: DTDHandler): Unit =
      getParent.setDTDHandler(handler)
    override def setErrorHandler(handler: ErrorHandler): Unit =
      getParent.setErrorHandler(handler)
    override def getContentHandler(): ContentHandler =
      getParent.getContentHandler()
    override def getDTDHandler(): DTDHandler =
      getParent.getDTDHandler()
    override def getErrorHandler(): ErrorHandler =
      getParent.getErrorHandler()
  }

  xr.setContentHandler(this)
  // older API, must not be called for validation to work, must use setPropery bloew
  // xr.setEntityResolver(res)
  xr.setProperty("http://apache.org/xml/properties/internal/entity-resolver", res)

  var exceptionList: List[Exception] = Nil
  xr.setErrorHandler(new org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler() {
    def warning(exception: SAXParseException) = { exceptionList :+= exception }
    def error(exception: SAXParseException) = { exceptionList :+= exception }
    def fatalError(exception: SAXParseException) = { exceptionList :+= exception }
  })

  override lazy val parser: SAXParser = p
  override lazy val reader: XMLReader = xr

  /**
   * Scala-XML creates its own adapter and calls the loadDocument function on that. We want it
   * to use this custom adpater, so we must override it to point to this
   */
  override def adapter = this
}

/**
 * There are no trace/verbose options (that work) in XMLCatalogResolver
 * so this delegating class is created so that we have a place to put
 * breakpoints, and logging/debug stuff having to do with resolution of
 * uris/urns to files.
 */
class MyResolver()
  extends org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLEntityResolver
  with org.w3c.dom.ls.LSResourceResolver
  with org.xml.sax.EntityResolver
  with org.xml.sax.ext.EntityResolver2 {

  val cm = new CatalogManager()
  val catFiles = cm.getCatalogFiles().toArray.toList.asInstanceOf[List[String]]
  // println("catalog files: " + catFiles)
  cm.setIgnoreMissingProperties(true)
  cm.setRelativeCatalogs(true)
  // cm.setVerbosity(4)
  // cm.debug.setDebug(100)
  val delegate = // new org.apache.xerces.util.XMLCatalogResolver() // cl)
    new Catalog(cm) {
      // cm.debug.setDebug(100)
    }
  delegate.setupReaders()
  delegate.loadSystemCatalogs()
  // delegate.parseAllCatalogs()
  delegate.parseCatalog(Misc.getRequiredResource("/daffodil-built-in-catalog.xml").toURL())
  // catFiles.foreach { cf => delegate.parseCatalog(Misc.getRequiredResource(cf)) }

  def resolveEntity(ri: org.apache.xerces.xni.XMLResourceIdentifier) = {
    // println("resolveEntity1")
    val resolvedId = delegate.resolveURI(ri.getNamespace())
    val res = if (resolvedId != null) {
      new XMLInputSource(ri.getPublicId(), resolvedId, ri.getBaseSystemId())
    } else null
    // println("resolved to " + resolvedId)
    res
  }

  def resolveResource(
    type_ : String,
    nsURI: String,
    publicId: String,
    systemId: String,
    baseURI: String,
  ) = {
    //    println("resolveResource nsURI = %s, baseURI = %s".format(nsURI, baseURI))
    //    val resource = delegate.resolveURI(nsURI) // (type_, nsURI, publicId, systemId, baseURI)
    //    println("resolveResource = " + resource)
    //    val res = new DOMInputImpl(publicId, resource, baseURI);
    //    res
    fail()
    null
  }

  def resolveEntity(publicId: String, systemID: String) = {
    // println("resolveEntity2")
    fail()
    null
  }

  def getExternalSubset(name: String, baseURI: String) = {
    // println("getExternalSubset name = %s, baseURI = %s".format(name, baseURI))
    // delegate.getExternalSubset(name, baseURI)
    null
  }

  def resolveEntity(name: String, publicId: String, baseURI: String, systemID: String) = {
    // println("resolveEntity3")
    fail()
    null
  }
}
