/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

package org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import javax.ws.rs.ApplicationPath;
import javax.ws.rs.BeanParam;
import javax.ws.rs.CookieParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Encoded;
import javax.ws.rs.FormParam;
import javax.ws.rs.HeaderParam;
import javax.ws.rs.MatrixParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.container.AsyncResponse;
import javax.ws.rs.container.Suspended;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Application;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MultivaluedMap;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import javax.ws.rs.ext.MessageBodyWriter;
import javax.ws.rs.ext.Provider;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

import org.apache.cxf.Bus;
import org.apache.cxf.BusFactory;
import org.apache.cxf.common.classloader.ClassLoaderUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.common.i18n.BundleUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.common.jaxb.JAXBUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.common.logging.LogUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.common.util.StringUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.feature.Feature;
import org.apache.cxf.helpers.CastUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.helpers.DOMUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.JAXRSServerFactoryBean;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.ext.DefaultMethod;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.ext.xml.ElementClass;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.ext.xml.XMLName;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.lifecycle.PerRequestResourceProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.lifecycle.ResourceProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.lifecycle.SingletonResourceProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.ClassResourceInfo;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.MethodDispatcher;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.OperationResourceInfo;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.Parameter;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.ParameterType;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.ResourceTypes;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.URITemplate;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.UserOperation;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.model.UserResource;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.provider.JAXBElementProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.message.Message;
import org.apache.cxf.message.MessageImpl;
import org.apache.cxf.resource.ResourceManager;
import org.apache.cxf.staxutils.StaxUtils;

public final class ResourceUtils {

    private static final Logger LOG = LogUtils.getL7dLogger(ResourceUtils.class);
    private static final ResourceBundle BUNDLE = BundleUtils.getBundle(ResourceUtils.class);
    private static final String CLASSPATH_PREFIX = "classpath:";
    private static final String NOT_RESOURCE_METHOD_MESSAGE_ID = "NOT_RESOURCE_METHOD";
    private static final String NOT_SUSPENDED_ASYNC_MESSAGE_ID = "NOT_SUSPENDED_ASYNC_METHOD";
    private static final String NO_VOID_RETURN_ASYNC_MESSAGE_ID = "NO_VOID_RETURN_ASYNC_METHOD";
    private static final Set<String> SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES;
    static {
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES = new HashSet<>();
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.ext.MessageBodyWriter");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.ext.MessageBodyReader");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.ext.ExceptionMapper");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.ext.ContextResolver");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.ext.ReaderInterceptor");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.ext.WriterInterceptor");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.ext.ParamConverterProvider");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.container.ContainerRequestFilter");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.container.ContainerResponseFilter");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.container.DynamicFeature");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("javax.ws.rs.core.Feature");
        SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.add("org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.ext.ContextProvider");

    }

    private ResourceUtils() {
    }

    private static Method[] getDeclaredMethods(final Class<?> c) {
        return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Method[]>() {
            @Override
            public Method[] run() {
                return c.getDeclaredMethods();
            }
        });
    }
    public static Method findPostConstructMethod(Class<?> c) {
        return findPostConstructMethod(c, null);
    }
    public static Method findPostConstructMethod(Class<?> c, String name) {
        if (Object.class == c || null == c) {
            return null;
        }
        for (Method m : getDeclaredMethods(c)) {
            if (name != null) {
                if (m.getName().equals(name)) {
                    return m;
                }
            } else if (m.getAnnotation(PostConstruct.class) != null) {
                return m;
            }
        }
        Method m = findPostConstructMethod(c.getSuperclass(), name);
        if (m != null) {
            return m;
        }
        for (Class<?> i : c.getInterfaces()) {
            m = findPostConstructMethod(i, name);
            if (m != null) {
                return m;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static Method findPreDestroyMethod(Class<?> c) {
        return findPreDestroyMethod(c, null);
    }

    public static Method findPreDestroyMethod(Class<?> c, String name) {
        if (Object.class == c || null == c) {
            return null;
        }
        for (Method m : getDeclaredMethods(c)) {
            if (name != null) {
                if (m.getName().equals(name)) {
                    return m;
                }
            } else if (m.getAnnotation(PreDestroy.class) != null) {
                return m;
            }
        }
        Method m = findPreDestroyMethod(c.getSuperclass(), name);
        if (m != null) {
            return m;
        }
        for (Class<?> i : c.getInterfaces()) {
            m = findPreDestroyMethod(i, name);
            if (m != null) {
                return m;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static ClassResourceInfo createClassResourceInfo(
        Map<String, UserResource> resources, UserResource model,
        Class<?> defaultClass,
        boolean isRoot, boolean enableStatic,
        Bus bus) {
        final boolean isDefaultClass = defaultClass != null;
        Class<?> sClass = !isDefaultClass  ? loadClass(model.getName()) : defaultClass;
        return createServiceClassResourceInfo(resources, model, sClass, isRoot, enableStatic, bus);
    }

    public static ClassResourceInfo createServiceClassResourceInfo(
        Map<String, UserResource> resources, UserResource model,
        Class<?> sClass, boolean isRoot, boolean enableStatic, Bus bus) {
        if (model == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Resource class " + sClass.getName() + " has no model info");
        }
        ClassResourceInfo cri =
            new ClassResourceInfo(sClass, sClass, isRoot, enableStatic, true,
                                  model.getConsumes(), model.getProduces(), bus);
        URITemplate t = URITemplate.createTemplate(model.getPath());
        cri.setURITemplate(t);

        MethodDispatcher md = new MethodDispatcher();
        Map<String, UserOperation> ops = model.getOperationsAsMap();

        Method defaultMethod = null;
        Map<String, Method> methodNames = new HashMap<>();
        for (Method m : cri.getServiceClass().getMethods()) {
            if (m.getAnnotation(DefaultMethod.class) != null) {
                // if needed we can also support multiple default methods
                defaultMethod = m;
            }
            methodNames.put(m.getName(), m);
        }

        for (Map.Entry<String, UserOperation> entry : ops.entrySet()) {
            UserOperation op = entry.getValue();
            Method actualMethod = methodNames.get(op.getName());
            if (actualMethod == null) {
                actualMethod = defaultMethod;
            }
            if (actualMethod == null) {
                continue;
            }
            OperationResourceInfo ori =
                new OperationResourceInfo(actualMethod, cri, URITemplate.createTemplate(op.getPath()),
                                          op.getVerb(), op.getConsumes(), op.getProduces(),
                                          op.getParameters(),
                                          op.isOneway());
            String rClassName = actualMethod.getReturnType().getName();
            if (op.getVerb() == null) {
                if (resources.containsKey(rClassName)) {
                    ClassResourceInfo subCri = rClassName.equals(model.getName()) ? cri
                        : createServiceClassResourceInfo(resources, resources.get(rClassName),
                                                         actualMethod.getReturnType(), false, enableStatic, bus);
                    if (subCri != null) {
                        cri.addSubClassResourceInfo(subCri);
                        md.bind(ori, actualMethod);
                    }
                }
            } else {
                md.bind(ori, actualMethod);
            }
        }

        cri.setMethodDispatcher(md);
        return checkMethodDispatcher(cri) ? cri : null;

    }

    public static ClassResourceInfo createClassResourceInfo(final Class<?> rClass,
                                                            final Class<?> sClass,
                                                            boolean root,
                                                            boolean enableStatic) {
        return createClassResourceInfo(rClass, sClass, root, enableStatic, BusFactory.getThreadDefaultBus());

    }

    public static ClassResourceInfo createClassResourceInfo(final Class<?> rClass,
                                                            final Class<?> sClass,
                                                            boolean root,
                                                            boolean enableStatic,
                                                            Bus bus) {
        return createClassResourceInfo(rClass, sClass, null, root, enableStatic, bus);
    }

    public static ClassResourceInfo createClassResourceInfo(final Class<?> rClass,
                                                            final Class<?> sClass,
                                                            ClassResourceInfo parent,
                                                            boolean root,
                                                            boolean enableStatic,
                                                            Bus bus) {
        ClassResourceInfo cri = new ClassResourceInfo(rClass, sClass, root, enableStatic, bus);
        cri.setParent(parent);

        if (root) {
            URITemplate t = URITemplate.createTemplate(cri.getPath());
            cri.setURITemplate(t);
        }

        evaluateResourceClass(cri, enableStatic);
        return checkMethodDispatcher(cri) ? cri : null;
    }

    private static void evaluateResourceClass(ClassResourceInfo cri, boolean enableStatic) {
        MethodDispatcher md = new MethodDispatcher();
        Class<?> serviceClass = cri.getServiceClass();

        final Set<Method> annotatedMethods = new HashSet<>();

        for (Method m : serviceClass.getMethods()) {
            if (!m.isBridge() && !m.isSynthetic()) {
                //do real methods first
                Method annotatedMethod = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotatedMethod(serviceClass, m);
                if (!annotatedMethods.contains(annotatedMethod)) {
                    evaluateResourceMethod(cri, enableStatic, md, m, annotatedMethod);
                    annotatedMethods.add(annotatedMethod);
                }
            }
        }
        for (Method m : serviceClass.getMethods()) {
            if (m.isBridge() || m.isSynthetic()) {
                //if a bridge/synthetic method isn't already mapped to something, go ahead and do it
                Method annotatedMethod = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotatedMethod(serviceClass, m);
                if (!annotatedMethods.contains(annotatedMethod)) {
                    evaluateResourceMethod(cri, enableStatic, md, m, annotatedMethod);
                    annotatedMethods.add(annotatedMethod);
                }
            }
        }
        cri.setMethodDispatcher(md);
    }

    private static void evaluateResourceMethod(ClassResourceInfo cri, boolean enableStatic, MethodDispatcher md,
                                               Method m, Method annotatedMethod) {
        String httpMethod = AnnotationUtils.getHttpMethodValue(annotatedMethod);
        Path path = AnnotationUtils.getMethodAnnotation(annotatedMethod, Path.class);

        if (httpMethod != null || path != null) {
            if (!checkAsyncResponse(annotatedMethod)) {
                return;
            }

            md.bind(createOperationInfo(m, annotatedMethod, cri, path, httpMethod), m);
            if (httpMethod == null) {
                // subresource locator
                Class<?> subClass = m.getReturnType();
                if (subClass == Class.class) {
                    subClass = InjectionUtils.getActualType(m.getGenericReturnType());
                }
                if (enableStatic) {
                    ClassResourceInfo subCri = cri.findResource(subClass, subClass);
                    if (subCri == null) {
                        ClassResourceInfo ancestor = getAncestorWithSameServiceClass(cri, subClass);
                        subCri = ancestor != null ? ancestor
                                : createClassResourceInfo(subClass, subClass, cri, false, enableStatic,
                                cri.getBus());
                    }

                    if (subCri != null) {
                        cri.addSubClassResourceInfo(subCri);
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            reportInvalidResourceMethod(m, NOT_RESOURCE_METHOD_MESSAGE_ID, Level.FINE);
        }
    }

    private static void reportInvalidResourceMethod(Method m, String messageId, Level logLevel) {
        if (LOG.isLoggable(logLevel)) {
            LOG.log(logLevel, new org.apache.cxf.common.i18n.Message(messageId,
                                                             BUNDLE,
                                                             m.getDeclaringClass().getName(),
                                                             m.getName()).toString());
        }
    }

    private static boolean checkAsyncResponse(Method m) {
        Class<?>[] types = m.getParameterTypes();
        for (int i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
            if (types[i] == AsyncResponse.class) {
                if (AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(m.getParameterAnnotations()[i], Suspended.class) == null) {
                    reportInvalidResourceMethod(m, NOT_SUSPENDED_ASYNC_MESSAGE_ID, Level.FINE);
                    return false;
                }
                if (m.getReturnType() == Void.TYPE || m.getReturnType() == Void.class) {
                    return true;
                }
                reportInvalidResourceMethod(m, NO_VOID_RETURN_ASYNC_MESSAGE_ID, Level.WARNING);
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    private static ClassResourceInfo getAncestorWithSameServiceClass(ClassResourceInfo parent, Class<?> subClass) {
        if (parent == null) {
            return null;
        }
        if (parent.getServiceClass() == subClass) {
            return parent;
        }
        return getAncestorWithSameServiceClass(parent.getParent(), subClass);
    }

    public static Constructor<?> findResourceConstructor(Class<?> resourceClass, boolean perRequest) {
        List<Constructor<?>> cs = new LinkedList<Constructor<?>>();
        for (Constructor<?> c : resourceClass.getConstructors()) {
            Class<?>[] params = c.getParameterTypes();
            Annotation[][] anns = c.getParameterAnnotations();
            boolean match = true;
            for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
                if (!perRequest) {
                    if (AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns[i], Context.class) == null) {
                        match = false;
                        break;
                    }
                } else if (!AnnotationUtils.isValidParamAnnotations(anns[i])) {
                    match = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (match) {
                cs.add(c);
            }
        }
        Collections.sort(cs, new Comparator<Constructor<?>>() {

            public int compare(Constructor<?> c1, Constructor<?> c2) {
                int p1 = c1.getParameterTypes().length;
                int p2 = c2.getParameterTypes().length;
                return p1 > p2 ? -1 : p1 < p2 ? 1 : 0;
            }

        });
        return cs.isEmpty() ? null : cs.get(0);
    }

    public static List<Parameter> getParameters(Method resourceMethod) {
        Annotation[][] paramAnns = resourceMethod.getParameterAnnotations();
        if (paramAnns.length == 0) {
            return CastUtils.cast(Collections.emptyList(), Parameter.class);
        }
        Class<?>[] types = resourceMethod.getParameterTypes();
        List<Parameter> params = new ArrayList<>(paramAnns.length);
        for (int i = 0; i < paramAnns.length; i++) {
            Parameter p = getParameter(i, paramAnns[i], types[i]);
            params.add(p);
        }
        return params;
    }

    //CHECKSTYLE:OFF
    public static Parameter getParameter(int index, Annotation[] anns, Class<?> type) {

        Context ctx = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, Context.class);
        if (ctx != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.CONTEXT, index, null);
        }

        boolean isEncoded = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, Encoded.class) != null;

        BeanParam bp = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, BeanParam.class);
        if (bp != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.BEAN, index, null, isEncoded, null);
        }

        String dValue = AnnotationUtils.getDefaultParameterValue(anns);

        PathParam a = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, PathParam.class);
        if (a != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.PATH, index, a.value(), isEncoded, dValue);
        }
        QueryParam q = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, QueryParam.class);
        if (q != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.QUERY, index, q.value(), isEncoded, dValue);
        }
        MatrixParam m = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, MatrixParam.class);
        if (m != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.MATRIX, index, m.value(), isEncoded, dValue);
        }

        FormParam f = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, FormParam.class);
        if (f != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.FORM, index, f.value(), isEncoded, dValue);
        }

        HeaderParam h = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, HeaderParam.class);
        if (h != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.HEADER, index, h.value(), isEncoded, dValue);
        }

        CookieParam c = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, CookieParam.class);
        if (c != null) {
            return new Parameter(ParameterType.COOKIE, index, c.value(), isEncoded, dValue);
        }

        return new Parameter(ParameterType.REQUEST_BODY, index, null);

    }
    //CHECKSTYLE:ON

    private static OperationResourceInfo createOperationInfo(Method m, Method annotatedMethod,
                                                      ClassResourceInfo cri, Path path, String httpMethod) {
        OperationResourceInfo ori = new OperationResourceInfo(m, annotatedMethod, cri);
        URITemplate t = URITemplate.createTemplate(path);
        ori.setURITemplate(t);
        ori.setHttpMethod(httpMethod);
        return ori;
    }


    private static boolean checkMethodDispatcher(ClassResourceInfo cr) {
        if (cr.getMethodDispatcher().getOperationResourceInfos().isEmpty()) {
            LOG.warning(new org.apache.cxf.common.i18n.Message("NO_RESOURCE_OP_EXC",
                                                               BUNDLE,
                                                               cr.getServiceClass().getName()).toString());
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }


    private static Class<?> loadClass(String cName) {
        try {
            return ClassLoaderUtils.loadClass(cName.trim(), ResourceUtils.class);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("No class " + cName.trim() + " can be found", ex);
        }
    }


    public static List<UserResource> getUserResources(String loc, Bus bus) {
        try {
            InputStream is = ResourceUtils.getResourceStream(loc, bus);
            if (is == null) {
                return null;
            }
            return getUserResources(is);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            LOG.warning("Problem with processing a user model at " + loc);
        }

        return null;
    }

    public static InputStream getResourceStream(String loc, Bus bus) throws Exception {
        URL url = getResourceURL(loc, bus);
        return url == null ? null : url.openStream();
    }

    public static URL getResourceURL(String loc, Bus bus) throws Exception {
        URL url = null;
        if (loc.startsWith(CLASSPATH_PREFIX)) {
            String path = loc.substring(CLASSPATH_PREFIX.length());
            url = ResourceUtils.getClasspathResourceURL(path, ResourceUtils.class, bus);
        } else {
            try {
                url = new URL(loc);
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                // it can be either a classpath or file resource without a scheme
                url = ResourceUtils.getClasspathResourceURL(loc, ResourceUtils.class, bus);
                if (url == null) {
                    File file = new File(loc);
                    if (file.exists()) {
                        url = file.toURI().toURL();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (url == null) {
            LOG.warning("No resource " + loc + " is available");
        }
        return url;
    }

    public static InputStream getClasspathResourceStream(String path, Class<?> callingClass, Bus bus) {
        InputStream is = ClassLoaderUtils.getResourceAsStream(path, callingClass);
        return is == null ? getResource(path, InputStream.class, bus) : is;
    }

    public static URL getClasspathResourceURL(String path, Class<?> callingClass, Bus bus) {
        URL url = ClassLoaderUtils.getResource(path, callingClass);
        return url == null ? getResource(path, URL.class, bus) : url;
    }

    public static <T> T getResource(String path, Class<T> resourceClass, Bus bus) {
        if (bus != null) {
            ResourceManager rm = bus.getExtension(ResourceManager.class);
            if (rm != null) {
                return rm.resolveResource(path, resourceClass);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static Properties loadProperties(String propertiesLocation, Bus bus) throws Exception {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        InputStream is = getResourceStream(propertiesLocation, bus);
        props.load(is);
        return props;
    }

    public static List<UserResource> getUserResources(String loc) {
        return getUserResources(loc, BusFactory.getThreadDefaultBus());
    }

    public static List<UserResource> getUserResources(InputStream is) throws Exception {
        Document doc = StaxUtils.read(new InputStreamReader(is, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        return getResourcesFromElement(doc.getDocumentElement());
    }

    public static List<UserResource> getResourcesFromElement(Element modelEl) {
        List<UserResource> resources = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Element> resourceEls =
            DOMUtils.findAllElementsByTagNameNS(modelEl,
                                                "http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs", "resource");
        for (Element e : resourceEls) {
            resources.add(getResourceFromElement(e));
        }
        return resources;
    }


    public static ResourceTypes getAllRequestResponseTypes(List<ClassResourceInfo> cris,
                                                           boolean jaxbOnly) {
        return getAllRequestResponseTypes(cris, jaxbOnly, null);
    }

    public static ResourceTypes getAllRequestResponseTypes(List<ClassResourceInfo> cris,
                                                           boolean jaxbOnly,
                                                           MessageBodyWriter<?> jaxbWriter) {
        ResourceTypes types = new ResourceTypes();
        for (ClassResourceInfo resource : cris) {
            getAllTypesForResource(resource, types, jaxbOnly, jaxbWriter);
        }
        return types;
    }

    public static Class<?> getActualJaxbType(Class<?> type, Method resourceMethod, boolean inbound) {
        ElementClass element = resourceMethod.getAnnotation(ElementClass.class);
        if  (element != null) {
            Class<?> cls = inbound ? element.request() : element.response();
            if (cls != Object.class) {
                return cls;
            }
        }
        return type;
    }

    private static void getAllTypesForResource(ClassResourceInfo resource,
                                               ResourceTypes types,
                                               boolean jaxbOnly,
                                               MessageBodyWriter<?> jaxbWriter) {
        for (OperationResourceInfo ori : resource.getMethodDispatcher().getOperationResourceInfos()) {
            Method method = ori.getAnnotatedMethod() == null ? ori.getMethodToInvoke() : ori.getAnnotatedMethod();
            Class<?> realReturnType = method.getReturnType();
            Class<?> cls = realReturnType;
            if (cls == Response.class || ori.isAsync()) {
                cls = getActualJaxbType(cls, method, false);
            }
            Type type = method.getGenericReturnType();
            if (jaxbOnly) {
                checkJaxbType(resource.getServiceClass(), cls, realReturnType == Response.class || ori.isAsync()
                    ? cls : type, types, method.getAnnotations(), jaxbWriter);
            } else {
                types.getAllTypes().put(cls, type);
            }

            for (Parameter pm : ori.getParameters()) {
                if (pm.getType() == ParameterType.REQUEST_BODY) {
                    Class<?> inType = method.getParameterTypes()[pm.getIndex()];
                    if (inType != AsyncResponse.class) {
                        Type paramType = method.getGenericParameterTypes()[pm.getIndex()];
                        if (jaxbOnly) {
                            checkJaxbType(resource.getServiceClass(), inType, paramType, types,
                                          method.getParameterAnnotations()[pm.getIndex()], jaxbWriter);
                        } else {
                            types.getAllTypes().put(inType, paramType);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

        }

        for (ClassResourceInfo sub : resource.getSubResources()) {
            if (!isRecursiveSubResource(resource, sub)) {
                getAllTypesForResource(sub, types, jaxbOnly, jaxbWriter);
            }
        }
    }

    private static boolean isRecursiveSubResource(ClassResourceInfo parent, ClassResourceInfo sub) {
        if (parent == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (parent == sub) {
            return true;
        }
        return isRecursiveSubResource(parent.getParent(), sub);
    }

    private static void checkJaxbType(Class<?> serviceClass,
                                      Class<?> type,
                                      Type genericType,
                                      ResourceTypes types,
                                      Annotation[] anns,
                                      MessageBodyWriter<?> jaxbWriter) {
        boolean isCollection = false;
        if (InjectionUtils.isSupportedCollectionOrArray(type)) {
            type = InjectionUtils.getActualType(genericType);
            isCollection = true;
        }
        if (type == Object.class && !(genericType instanceof Class)
            || genericType instanceof TypeVariable) {
            Type theType = InjectionUtils.processGenericTypeIfNeeded(serviceClass,
                                                      Object.class,
                                                      genericType);
            type = InjectionUtils.getActualType(theType);
        }
        if (type == null
            || InjectionUtils.isPrimitive(type)
            || JAXBElement.class.isAssignableFrom(type)
            || Response.class.isAssignableFrom(type)
            || type.isInterface()) {
            return;
        }

        MessageBodyWriter<?> writer = jaxbWriter;
        if (writer == null) {
            JAXBElementProvider<Object> defaultWriter = new JAXBElementProvider<Object>();
            defaultWriter.setMarshallAsJaxbElement(true);
            defaultWriter.setXmlTypeAsJaxbElementOnly(true);
            writer = defaultWriter;
        }
        if (writer.isWriteable(type, type, anns, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_TYPE)) {
            types.getAllTypes().put(type, type);
            Class<?> genCls = InjectionUtils.getActualType(genericType);
            if (genCls != type && genCls != null && genCls != Object.class
                && !InjectionUtils.isSupportedCollectionOrArray(genCls)) {
                types.getAllTypes().put(genCls, genCls);
            }

            XMLName name = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns, XMLName.class);
            QName qname = name != null ? JAXRSUtils.convertStringToQName(name.value()) : null;
            if (isCollection) {
                types.getCollectionMap().put(type, qname);
            } else {
                types.getXmlNameMap().put(type, qname);
            }
        }
    }

    private static UserResource getResourceFromElement(Element e) {
        UserResource resource = new UserResource();
        resource.setName(e.getAttribute("name"));
        resource.setPath(e.getAttribute("path"));
        resource.setConsumes(e.getAttribute("consumes"));
        resource.setProduces(e.getAttribute("produces"));
        List<Element> operEls =
            DOMUtils.findAllElementsByTagNameNS(e,
                 "http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs", "operation");
        List<UserOperation> opers = new ArrayList<>(operEls.size());
        for (Element operEl : operEls) {
            opers.add(getOperationFromElement(operEl));
        }
        resource.setOperations(opers);
        return resource;
    }

    private static UserOperation getOperationFromElement(Element e) {
        UserOperation op = new UserOperation();
        op.setName(e.getAttribute("name"));
        op.setVerb(e.getAttribute("verb"));
        op.setPath(e.getAttribute("path"));
        op.setOneway(Boolean.parseBoolean(e.getAttribute("oneway")));
        op.setConsumes(e.getAttribute("consumes"));
        op.setProduces(e.getAttribute("produces"));
        List<Element> paramEls =
            DOMUtils.findAllElementsByTagNameNS(e,
                 "http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs", "param");
        List<Parameter> params = new ArrayList<>(paramEls.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < paramEls.size(); i++) {
            Element paramEl = paramEls.get(i);
            Parameter p = new Parameter(paramEl.getAttribute("type"), i, paramEl.getAttribute("name"));
            p.setEncoded(Boolean.valueOf(paramEl.getAttribute("encoded")));
            p.setDefaultValue(paramEl.getAttribute("defaultValue"));
            String pClass = paramEl.getAttribute("class");
            if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(pClass)) {
                try {
                    p.setJavaType(ClassLoaderUtils.loadClass(pClass, ResourceUtils.class));
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(ex);
                }
            }
            params.add(p);
        }
        op.setParameters(params);
        return op;
    }

    public static Object[] createConstructorArguments(Constructor<?> c,
                                                      Message m,
                                                      boolean perRequest) {
        return createConstructorArguments(c, m, perRequest, null);
    }

    public static Object[] createConstructorArguments(Constructor<?> c,
                                                      Message m,
                                                      boolean perRequest,
                                                      Map<Class<?>, Object> contextValues) {
        if (m == null) {
            m = new MessageImpl();
        }
        Class<?>[] params = c.getParameterTypes();
        Annotation[][] anns = c.getParameterAnnotations();
        Type[] genericTypes = c.getGenericParameterTypes();
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        MultivaluedMap<String, String> templateValues = 
            (MultivaluedMap<String, String>)m.get(URITemplate.TEMPLATE_PARAMETERS);
        Object[] values = new Object[params.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
            if (AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(anns[i], Context.class) != null) {
                Object contextValue = contextValues != null ? contextValues.get(params[i]) : null;
                if (contextValue == null) {
                    if (perRequest || InjectionUtils.VALUE_CONTEXTS.contains(params[i].getName())) {
                        values[i] = JAXRSUtils.createContextValue(m, genericTypes[i], params[i]);
                    } else {
                        values[i] = InjectionUtils.createThreadLocalProxy(params[i]);
                    }
                } else {
                    values[i] = contextValue;
                }
            } else {
                // this branch won't execute for singletons given that the found constructor
                // is guaranteed to have only Context parameters, if any, for singletons
                Parameter p = ResourceUtils.getParameter(i, anns[i], params[i]);
                values[i] = JAXRSUtils.createHttpParameterValue(
                                p, params[i], genericTypes[i], anns[i], m, templateValues, null);
            }
        }
        return values;
    }
    
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static JAXRSServerFactoryBean createApplication(Application app, 
                                                           boolean ignoreAppPath,
                                                           boolean staticSubresourceResolution, 
                                                           boolean useSingletonResourceProvider,
                                                           Bus bus) {

        Set<Object> singletons = app.getSingletons();
        verifySingletons(singletons);

        List<Class<?>> resourceClasses = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();
        List<Object> providers = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Feature> features = new ArrayList<>();
        Map<Class<?>, ResourceProvider> map = new HashMap<>();

        // Note, app.getClasses() returns a list of per-request classes
        // or singleton provider classes
        for (Class<?> cls : app.getClasses()) {
            if (isValidApplicationClass(cls, singletons)) {
                if (isValidProvider(cls)) {
                    providers.add(createProviderInstance(cls));
                } else if (Feature.class.isAssignableFrom(cls)) {
                    features.add(createFeatureInstance((Class<? extends Feature>) cls));
                } else {
                    resourceClasses.add(cls);
                    if (useSingletonResourceProvider) {
                        map.put(cls, new SingletonResourceProvider(createProviderInstance(cls)));
                    } else {
                        map.put(cls, new PerRequestResourceProvider(cls));
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // we can get either a provider or resource class here
        for (Object o : singletons) {
            if (isValidProvider(o.getClass())) {
                providers.add(o);
            } else if (o instanceof Feature) {
                features.add((Feature) o);
            } else {
                resourceClasses.add(o.getClass());
                map.put(o.getClass(), new SingletonResourceProvider(o));
            }
        }

        JAXRSServerFactoryBean bean = new JAXRSServerFactoryBean();
        if (bus != null) {
            bean.setBus(bus);
        }

        String address = "/";
        if (!ignoreAppPath) {
            ApplicationPath appPath = locateApplicationPath(app.getClass());
            if (appPath != null) {
                address = appPath.value();
            }
        }
        if (!address.startsWith("/")) {
            address = "/" + address;
        }
        bean.setAddress(address);
        bean.setStaticSubresourceResolution(staticSubresourceResolution);
        bean.setResourceClasses(resourceClasses);
        bean.setProviders(providers);
        bean.setFeatures(features);
        for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, ResourceProvider> entry : map.entrySet()) {
            bean.setResourceProvider(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
        Map<String, Object> appProps = app.getProperties();
        if (appProps != null) {
            bean.getProperties(true).putAll(appProps);
        }
        bean.setApplication(app);
        return bean;
    }

    public static Object createProviderInstance(Class<?> cls) {
        try {
            Constructor<?> c = ResourceUtils.findResourceConstructor(cls, false);
            if (c != null && c.getParameterTypes().length == 0) {
                return c.newInstance();
            }
            return c;
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Provider " + cls.getName() + " can not be created", ex);
        }
    }

    public static Feature createFeatureInstance(Class<? extends Feature> cls) {
        try {
            Constructor<?> c = ResourceUtils.findResourceConstructor(cls, false);

            if (c == null) {
                throw new RuntimeException("No valid constructor found for " + cls.getName());
            }

            return (Feature) c.newInstance();
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Feature " + cls.getName() + " can not be created", ex);
        }
    }

    private static boolean isValidProvider(Class<?> c) {
        if (c == null || c == Object.class) {
            return false;
        }
        if (c.getAnnotation(Provider.class) != null) {
            return true;
        }
        for (Class<?> itf : c.getInterfaces()) {
            if (SERVER_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAMES.contains(itf.getName())) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return isValidProvider(c.getSuperclass());
    }

    private static void verifySingletons(Set<Object> singletons) {
        if (singletons.isEmpty()) {
            return;
        }
        Set<String> map = new HashSet<>();
        for (Object s : singletons) {
            if (map.contains(s.getClass().getName())) {
                throw new RuntimeException("More than one instance of the same singleton class "
                                           + s.getClass().getName() + " is available");
            }
            map.add(s.getClass().getName());
        }
    }

    public static boolean isValidResourceClass(Class<?> c) {
        if (c.isInterface() || Modifier.isAbstract(c.getModifiers())) {
            LOG.info("Ignoring invalid resource class " + c.getName());
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public static ApplicationPath locateApplicationPath(Class<?> appClass) {
        ApplicationPath appPath = appClass.getAnnotation(ApplicationPath.class);
        if (appPath == null && appClass.getSuperclass() != Application.class) {
            return locateApplicationPath(appClass.getSuperclass());
        }
        return appPath;
    }

    private static boolean isValidApplicationClass(Class<?> c, Set<Object> singletons) {
        if (!isValidResourceClass(c)) {
            return false;
        }
        for (Object s : singletons) {
            if (c == s.getClass()) {
                LOG.info("Ignoring per-request resource class " + c.getName()
                         + " as it is also registered as singleton");
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    //TODO : consider moving JAXBDataBinding.createContext to JAXBUtils
    public static JAXBContext createJaxbContext(Set<Class<?>> classes, Class<?>[] extraClass,
                                          Map<String, Object> contextProperties) {
        if (classes == null || classes.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        JAXBUtils.scanPackages(classes, extraClass, null);

        JAXBContext ctx;
        try {
            ctx = JAXBContext.newInstance(classes.toArray(new Class[classes.size()]),
                                          contextProperties);
            return ctx;
        } catch (JAXBException ex) {
            LOG.log(Level.SEVERE, "No JAXB context can be created", ex);
        }
        return null;
    }

}
