org.apache.commons.io.output

## Class DeferredFileOutputStream

- java.lang.Object
- - java.io.OutputStream
  - - org.apache.commons.io.output.ThresholdingOutputStream
    - - org.apache.commons.io.output.DeferredFileOutputStream

- All Implemented Interfaces:
    Closeable, Flushable, AutoCloseable

      public class DeferredFileOutputStream
      extends ThresholdingOutputStream

  An output stream which will retain data in memory until a specified threshold is reached, and only then commit it to disk. If the stream is closed before the threshold is reached, the data will not be written to disk at all.

  This class originated in FileUpload processing. In this use case, you do not know in advance the size of the file being uploaded. If the file is small you want to store it in memory (for speed), but if the file is large you want to store it to file (to avoid memory issues).

- - ### Constructor Summary

    Constructors
    Constructor and Description
    `DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold, File outputFile)` Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a file beyond that point.
    `DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold, int initialBufferSize, File outputFile)` Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a file beyond that point.
    `DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold, int initialBufferSize, String prefix, String suffix, File directory)` Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a temporary file beyond that point.
    `DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold, String prefix, String suffix, File directory)` Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a temporary file beyond that point.

  - ### Method Summary

    All Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods
    Modifier and Type | Method and Description
    --- | ---
    `void` | `close()` Closes underlying output stream, and mark this as closed
    `byte[]` | `getData()` Returns the data for this output stream as an array of bytes, assuming that the data has been retained in memory.
    `File` | `getFile()` Returns either the output file specified in the constructor or the temporary file created or null.
    `protected OutputStream` | `getStream()` Returns the current output stream.
    `boolean` | `isInMemory()` Determines whether or not the data for this output stream has been retained in memory.
    `protected void` | `thresholdReached()` Switches the underlying output stream from a memory based stream to one that is backed by disk.
    `InputStream` | `toInputStream()` Gets the current contents of this byte stream as an `InputStream`.
    `void` | `writeTo(OutputStream outputStream)` Writes the data from this output stream to the specified output stream, after it has been closed.

    - ### Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.io.output.ThresholdingOutputStream

      `checkThreshold, flush, getByteCount, getThreshold, isThresholdExceeded, resetByteCount, setByteCount, write, write, write`

    - ### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

      `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

- - ### Constructor Detail

    - #### DeferredFileOutputStream

          public DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold,
                                          File outputFile)

      Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a file beyond that point. The initial buffer size will default to bytes which is ByteArrayOutputStream's default buffer size.
      Parameters:
        `threshold` - The number of bytes at which to trigger an event.
        `outputFile` - The file to which data is saved beyond the threshold.

    - #### DeferredFileOutputStream

          public DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold,
                                          int initialBufferSize,
                                          File outputFile)

      Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a file beyond that point.
      Parameters:
        `threshold` - The number of bytes at which to trigger an event.
        `initialBufferSize` - The initial size of the in memory buffer.
        `outputFile` - The file to which data is saved beyond the threshold.
      Since:
        2.5

    - #### DeferredFileOutputStream

          public DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold,
                                          int initialBufferSize,
                                          String prefix,
                                          String suffix,
                                          File directory)

      Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a temporary file beyond that point.
      Parameters:
        `threshold` - The number of bytes at which to trigger an event.
        `initialBufferSize` - The initial size of the in memory buffer.
        `prefix` - Prefix to use for the temporary file.
        `suffix` - Suffix to use for the temporary file.
        `directory` - Temporary file directory.
      Since:
        2.5

    - #### DeferredFileOutputStream

          public DeferredFileOutputStream(int threshold,
                                          String prefix,
                                          String suffix,
                                          File directory)

      Constructs an instance of this class which will trigger an event at the specified threshold, and save data to a temporary file beyond that point. The initial buffer size will default to 32 bytes which is ByteArrayOutputStream's default buffer size.
      Parameters:
        `threshold` - The number of bytes at which to trigger an event.
        `prefix` - Prefix to use for the temporary file.
        `suffix` - Suffix to use for the temporary file.
        `directory` - Temporary file directory.
      Since:
        1.4

  - ### Method Detail

    - #### close

          public void close()
                     throws IOException

      Closes underlying output stream, and mark this as closed
      Specified by:
        `close` in interface `Closeable`
      Specified by:
        `close` in interface `AutoCloseable`
      Overrides:
        `close` in class `ThresholdingOutputStream`
      Throws:
        `IOException` - if an error occurs.

    - #### getData

          public byte[] getData()

      Returns the data for this output stream as an array of bytes, assuming that the data has been retained in memory. If the data was written to disk, this method returns `null`.
      Returns:
        The data for this output stream, or `null` if no such data is available.

    - #### getFile

          public File getFile()

      Returns either the output file specified in the constructor or the temporary file created or null.

      If the constructor specifying the file is used then it returns that same output file, even when threshold has not been reached.

      If constructor specifying a temporary file prefix/suffix is used then the temporary file created once the threshold is reached is returned If the threshold was not reached then `null` is returned.

      Returns:
        The file for this output stream, or `null` if no such file exists.

    - #### getStream

          protected OutputStream getStream()
                                    throws IOException

      Returns the current output stream. This may be memory based or disk based, depending on the current state with respect to the threshold.
      Overrides:
        `getStream` in class `ThresholdingOutputStream`
      Returns:
        The underlying output stream.
      Throws:
        `IOException` - if an error occurs.

    - #### isInMemory

          public boolean isInMemory()

      Determines whether or not the data for this output stream has been retained in memory.
      Returns:
        `true` if the data is available in memory; `false` otherwise.

    - #### thresholdReached

          protected void thresholdReached()
                                   throws IOException

      Switches the underlying output stream from a memory based stream to one that is backed by disk. This is the point at which we realize that too much data is being written to keep in memory, so we elect to switch to disk-based storage.
      Overrides:
        `thresholdReached` in class `ThresholdingOutputStream`
      Throws:
        `IOException` - if an error occurs.

    - #### toInputStream

          public InputStream toInputStream()
                                    throws IOException

      Gets the current contents of this byte stream as an `InputStream`. If the data for this output stream has been retained in memory, the returned stream is backed by buffers of `this` stream, avoiding memory allocation and copy, thus saving space and time.
      Otherwise, the returned stream will be one that is created from the data that has been committed to disk.
      Returns:
        the current contents of this output stream.
      Throws:
        `IOException` - if this stream is not yet closed or an error occurs.
      Since:
        2.9.0
      See Also:
        `ByteArrayOutputStream.toInputStream()`

    - #### writeTo

          public void writeTo(OutputStream outputStream)
                       throws IOException

      Writes the data from this output stream to the specified output stream, after it has been closed.
      Parameters:
        `outputStream` - output stream to write to.
      Throws:
        `NullPointerException` - if the OutputStream is `null`.
        `IOException` - if this stream is not yet closed or an error occurs.

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