    001/*
    002 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    003 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    004 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    005 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    006 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    007 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    008 *
    009 *     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    010 *
    011 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    012 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    013 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    014 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    015 * limitations under the License.
    016 */
    017
    018package org.apache.commons.configuration2.plist;
    019
    020import java.io.PrintWriter;
    021import java.io.Reader;
    022import java.io.Writer;
    023import java.util.ArrayList;
    024import java.util.Calendar;
    025import java.util.Date;
    026import java.util.HashMap;
    027import java.util.Iterator;
    028import java.util.List;
    029import java.util.Map;
    030import java.util.TimeZone;
    031
    032import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
    033import org.apache.commons.configuration2.BaseHierarchicalConfiguration;
    034import org.apache.commons.configuration2.Configuration;
    035import org.apache.commons.configuration2.FileBasedConfiguration;
    036import org.apache.commons.configuration2.HierarchicalConfiguration;
    037import org.apache.commons.configuration2.ImmutableConfiguration;
    038import org.apache.commons.configuration2.MapConfiguration;
    039import org.apache.commons.configuration2.ex.ConfigurationException;
    040import org.apache.commons.configuration2.tree.ImmutableNode;
    041import org.apache.commons.configuration2.tree.InMemoryNodeModel;
    042import org.apache.commons.configuration2.tree.NodeHandler;
    043import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
    044
    045/**
    046 * NeXT / OpenStep style configuration. This configuration can read and write ASCII plist files. It supports the GNUStep
    047 * extension to specify date objects.
    048 * <p>
    049 * References:
    050 * <ul>
    051 * <li><a href=
    052 * "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/PropertyLists/OldStylePlists/OldStylePLists.html"> Apple
    053 * Documentation - Old-Style ASCII Property Lists</a></li>
    054 * <li><a href="https://www.gnustep.org/resources/documentation/Developer/Base/Reference/NSPropertyList.html"> GNUStep
    055 * Documentation</a></li>
    056 * </ul>
    057 *
    058 * <p>
    059 * Example:
    060 * </p>
    061 *
    062 * <pre>
    063 * {
    064 *     foo = "bar";
    065 *
    066 *     array = ( value1, value2, value3 );
    067 *
    068 *     data = &lt;4f3e0145ab&gt;;
    069 *
    070 *     date = &lt;*D2007-05-05 20:05:00 +0100&gt;;
    071 *
    072 *     nested =
    073 *     {
    074 *         key1 = value1;
    075 *         key2 = value;
    076 *         nested =
    077 *         {
    078 *             foo = bar
    079 *         }
    080 *     }
    081 * }
    082 * </pre>
    083 *
    084 * @since 1.2
    085 */
    086public class PropertyListConfiguration extends BaseHierarchicalConfiguration implements FileBasedConfiguration {
    087
    088    /**
    089     * A helper class for parsing and formatting date literals. Usually we would use {@code SimpleDateFormat} for this
    090     * purpose, but in Java 1.3 the functionality of this class is limited. So we have a hierarchy of parser classes instead
    091     * that deal with the different components of a date literal.
    092     */
    093    private abstract static class DateComponentParser {
    094
    095        /**
    096         * Checks whether the given string has at least {@code length} characters starting from the given parsing position. If
    097         * this is not the case, an exception will be thrown.
    098         *
    099         * @param s the string to be tested
    100         * @param index the current index
    101         * @param length the minimum length after the index
    102         * @throws ParseException if the string is too short
    103         */
    104        protected void checkLength(final String s, final int index, final int length) throws ParseException {
    105            final int len = s == null ? 0 : s.length();
    106            if (index + length > len) {
    107                throw new ParseException("Input string too short: " + s + ", index: " + index);
    108            }
    109        }
    110
    111        /**
    112         * Formats a date component. This method is used for converting a date in its internal representation into a string
    113         * literal.
    114         *
    115         * @param buf the target buffer
    116         * @param cal the calendar with the current date
    117         */
    118        public abstract void formatComponent(StringBuilder buf, Calendar cal);
    119
    120        /**
    121         * Adds a number to the given string buffer and adds leading '0' characters until the given length is reached.
    122         *
    123         * @param buf the target buffer
    124         * @param num the number to add
    125         * @param length the required length
    126         */
    127        protected void padNum(final StringBuilder buf, final int num, final int length) {
    128            buf.append(StringUtils.leftPad(String.valueOf(num), length, PAD_CHAR));
    129        }
    130
    131        /**
    132         * Parses a component from the given input string.
    133         *
    134         * @param s the string to be parsed
    135         * @param index the current parsing position
    136         * @param cal the calendar where to store the result
    137         * @return the length of the processed component
    138         * @throws ParseException if the component cannot be extracted
    139         */
    140        public abstract int parseComponent(String s, int index, Calendar cal) throws ParseException;
    141    }
    142
    143    /**
    144     * A specialized date component parser implementation that deals with numeric calendar fields. The class is able to
    145     * extract fields from a string literal and to format a literal from a calendar.
    146     */
    147    private static final class DateFieldParser extends DateComponentParser {
    148
    149        /** Stores the calendar field to be processed. */
    150        private final int calendarField;
    151
    152        /** Stores the length of this field. */
    153        private final int length;
    154
    155        /** An optional offset to add to the calendar field. */
    156        private final int offset;
    157
    158        /**
    159         * Creates a new instance of {@code DateFieldParser}.
    160         *
    161         * @param calFld the calendar field code
    162         * @param len the length of this field
    163         */
    164        public DateFieldParser(final int calFld, final int len) {
    165            this(calFld, len, 0);
    166        }
    167
    168        /**
    169         * Creates a new instance of {@code DateFieldParser} and fully initializes it.
    170         *
    171         * @param calFld the calendar field code
    172         * @param len the length of this field
    173         * @param ofs an offset to add to the calendar field
    174         */
    175        public DateFieldParser(final int calFld, final int len, final int ofs) {
    176            calendarField = calFld;
    177            length = len;
    178            offset = ofs;
    179        }
    180
    181        @Override
    182        public void formatComponent(final StringBuilder buf, final Calendar cal) {
    183            padNum(buf, cal.get(calendarField) + offset, length);
    184        }
    185
    186        @Override
    187        public int parseComponent(final String s, final int index, final Calendar cal) throws ParseException {
    188            checkLength(s, index, length);
    189            try {
    190                cal.set(calendarField, Integer.parseInt(s.substring(index, index + length)) - offset);
    191                return length;
    192            } catch (final NumberFormatException nfex) {
    193                throw new ParseException("Invalid number: " + s + ", index " + index);
    194            }
    195        }
    196    }
    197
    198    /**
    199     * A specialized date component parser implementation that deals with separator characters.
    200     */
    201    private static final class DateSeparatorParser extends DateComponentParser {
    202
    203        /** Stores the separator. */
    204        private final String separator;
    205
    206        /**
    207         * Creates a new instance of {@code DateSeparatorParser} and sets the separator string.
    208         *
    209         * @param sep the separator string
    210         */
    211        public DateSeparatorParser(final String sep) {
    212            separator = sep;
    213        }
    214
    215        @Override
    216        public void formatComponent(final StringBuilder buf, final Calendar cal) {
    217            buf.append(separator);
    218        }
    219
    220        @Override
    221        public int parseComponent(final String s, final int index, final Calendar cal) throws ParseException {
    222            checkLength(s, index, separator.length());
    223            if (!s.startsWith(separator, index)) {
    224                throw new ParseException("Invalid input: " + s + ", index " + index + ", expected " + separator);
    225            }
    226            return separator.length();
    227        }
    228    }
    229
    230    /**
    231     * A specialized date component parser implementation that deals with the time zone part of a date component.
    232     */
    233    private static final class DateTimeZoneParser extends DateComponentParser {
    234        @Override
    235        public void formatComponent(final StringBuilder buf, final Calendar cal) {
    236            final TimeZone tz = cal.getTimeZone();
    237            int ofs = tz.getRawOffset() / MILLIS_PER_MINUTE;
    238            if (ofs < 0) {
    239                buf.append('-');
    240                ofs = -ofs;
    241            } else {
    242                buf.append('+');
    243            }
    244            final int hour = ofs / MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
    245            final int min = ofs % MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
    246            padNum(buf, hour, 2);
    247            padNum(buf, min, 2);
    248        }
    249
    250        @Override
    251        public int parseComponent(final String s, final int index, final Calendar cal) throws ParseException {
    252            checkLength(s, index, TIME_ZONE_LENGTH);
    253            final TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(TIME_ZONE_PREFIX + s.substring(index, index + TIME_ZONE_LENGTH));
    254            cal.setTimeZone(tz);
    255            return TIME_ZONE_LENGTH;
    256        }
    257    }
    258
    259    /** Constant for the separator parser for the date part. */
    260    private static final DateComponentParser DATE_SEPARATOR_PARSER = new DateSeparatorParser("-");
    261
    262    /** Constant for the separator parser for the time part. */
    263    private static final DateComponentParser TIME_SEPARATOR_PARSER = new DateSeparatorParser(":");
    264
    265    /** Constant for the separator parser for blanks between the parts. */
    266    private static final DateComponentParser BLANK_SEPARATOR_PARSER = new DateSeparatorParser(" ");
    267
    268    /** An array with the component parsers for dealing with dates. */
    269    private static final DateComponentParser[] DATE_PARSERS = {new DateSeparatorParser("<*D"), new DateFieldParser(Calendar.YEAR, 4), DATE_SEPARATOR_PARSER,
    270        new DateFieldParser(Calendar.MONTH, 2, 1), DATE_SEPARATOR_PARSER, new DateFieldParser(Calendar.DATE, 2), BLANK_SEPARATOR_PARSER,
    271        new DateFieldParser(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 2), TIME_SEPARATOR_PARSER, new DateFieldParser(Calendar.MINUTE, 2), TIME_SEPARATOR_PARSER,
    272        new DateFieldParser(Calendar.SECOND, 2), BLANK_SEPARATOR_PARSER, new DateTimeZoneParser(), new DateSeparatorParser(">")};
    273
    274    /** Constant for the ID prefix for GMT time zones. */
    275    private static final String TIME_ZONE_PREFIX = "GMT";
    276
    277    /** Constant for the milliseconds of a minute. */
    278    private static final int MILLIS_PER_MINUTE = 1000 * 60;
    279
    280    /** Constant for the minutes per hour. */
    281    private static final int MINUTES_PER_HOUR = 60;
    282
    283    /** Size of the indentation for the generated file. */
    284    private static final int INDENT_SIZE = 4;
    285
    286    /** Constant for the length of a time zone. */
    287    private static final int TIME_ZONE_LENGTH = 5;
    288
    289    /** Constant for the padding character in the date format. */
    290    private static final char PAD_CHAR = '0';
    291
    292    /**
    293     * Returns a string representation for the date specified by the given calendar.
    294     *
    295     * @param cal the calendar with the initialized date
    296     * @return a string for this date
    297     */
    298    static String formatDate(final Calendar cal) {
    299        final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    300
    301        for (final DateComponentParser element : DATE_PARSERS) {
    302            element.formatComponent(buf, cal);
    303        }
    304
    305        return buf.toString();
    306    }
    307
    308    /**
    309     * Returns a string representation for the specified date.
    310     *
    311     * @param date the date
    312     * @return a string for this date
    313     */
    314    static String formatDate(final Date date) {
    315        final Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    316        cal.setTime(date);
    317        return formatDate(cal);
    318    }
    319
    320    /**
    321     * Parses a date in a format like {@code <*D2002-03-22 11:30:00 +0100>}.
    322     *
    323     * @param s the string with the date to be parsed
    324     * @return the parsed date
    325     * @throws ParseException if an error occurred while parsing the string
    326     */
    327    static Date parseDate(final String s) throws ParseException {
    328        final Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    329        cal.clear();
    330        int index = 0;
    331
    332        for (final DateComponentParser parser : DATE_PARSERS) {
    333            index += parser.parseComponent(s, index, cal);
    334        }
    335
    336        return cal.getTime();
    337    }
    338
    339    /**
    340     * Transform a map of arbitrary types into a map with string keys and object values. All keys of the source map which
    341     * are not of type String are dropped.
    342     *
    343     * @param src the map to be converted
    344     * @return the resulting map
    345     */
    346    private static Map<String, Object> transformMap(final Map<?, ?> src) {
    347        final Map<String, Object> dest = new HashMap<>();
    348        src.forEach((k, v) -> {
    349            if (k instanceof String) {
    350                dest.put((String) k, v);
    351            }
    352        });
    353        return dest;
    354    }
    355
    356    /**
    357     * Creates an empty PropertyListConfiguration object which can be used to synthesize a new plist file by adding values
    358     * and then saving().
    359     */
    360    public PropertyListConfiguration() {
    361    }
    362
    363    /**
    364     * Creates a new instance of {@code PropertyListConfiguration} and copies the content of the specified configuration
    365     * into this object.
    366     *
    367     * @param c the configuration to copy
    368     * @since 1.4
    369     */
    370    public PropertyListConfiguration(final HierarchicalConfiguration<ImmutableNode> c) {
    371        super(c);
    372    }
    373
    374    /**
    375     * Creates a new instance of {@code PropertyListConfiguration} with the given root node.
    376     *
    377     * @param root the root node
    378     */
    379    PropertyListConfiguration(final ImmutableNode root) {
    380        super(new InMemoryNodeModel(root));
    381    }
    382
    383    @Override
    384    protected void addPropertyInternal(final String key, final Object value) {
    385        if (value instanceof byte[]) {
    386            addPropertyDirect(key, value);
    387        } else {
    388            super.addPropertyInternal(key, value);
    389        }
    390    }
    391
    392    /**
    393     * Append a node to the writer, indented according to a specific level.
    394     */
    395    private void printNode(final PrintWriter out, final int indentLevel, final ImmutableNode node, final NodeHandler<ImmutableNode> handler) {
    396        final String padding = StringUtils.repeat(" ", indentLevel * INDENT_SIZE);
    397
    398        if (node.getNodeName() != null) {
    399            out.print(padding + quoteString(node.getNodeName()) + " = ");
    400        }
    401
    402        final List<ImmutableNode> children = new ArrayList<>(node.getChildren());
    403        if (!children.isEmpty()) {
    404            // skip a line, except for the root dictionary
    405            if (indentLevel > 0) {
    406                out.println();
    407            }
    408
    409            out.println(padding + "{");
    410
    411            // display the children
    412            final Iterator<ImmutableNode> it = children.iterator();
    413            while (it.hasNext()) {
    414                final ImmutableNode child = it.next();
    415
    416                printNode(out, indentLevel + 1, child, handler);
    417
    418                // add a semi colon for elements that are not dictionaries
    419                final Object value = child.getValue();
    420                if (value != null && !(value instanceof Map) && !(value instanceof Configuration)) {
    421                    out.println(";");
    422                }
    423
    424                // skip a line after arrays and dictionaries
    425                if (it.hasNext() && (value == null || value instanceof List)) {
    426                    out.println();
    427                }
    428            }
    429
    430            out.print(padding + "}");
    431
    432            // line feed if the dictionary is not in an array
    433            if (handler.getParent(node) != null) {
    434                out.println();
    435            }
    436        } else if (node.getValue() == null) {
    437            out.println();
    438            out.print(padding + "{ };");
    439
    440            // line feed if the dictionary is not in an array
    441            if (handler.getParent(node) != null) {
    442                out.println();
    443            }
    444        } else {
    445            // display the leaf value
    446            final Object value = node.getValue();
    447            printValue(out, indentLevel, value);
    448        }
    449    }
    450
    451    /**
    452     * Append a value to the writer, indented according to a specific level.
    453     */
    454    private void printValue(final PrintWriter out, final int indentLevel, final Object value) {
    455        final String padding = StringUtils.repeat(" ", indentLevel * INDENT_SIZE);
    456        if (value instanceof List) {
    457            out.print("( ");
    458            final Iterator<?> it = ((List<?>) value).iterator();
    459            while (it.hasNext()) {
    460                printValue(out, indentLevel + 1, it.next());
    461                if (it.hasNext()) {
    462                    out.print(", ");
    463                }
    464            }
    465            out.print(" )");
    466        } else if (value instanceof PropertyListConfiguration) {
    467            final NodeHandler<ImmutableNode> handler = ((PropertyListConfiguration) value).getModel().getNodeHandler();
    468            printNode(out, indentLevel, handler.getRootNode(), handler);
    469        } else if (value instanceof ImmutableConfiguration) {
    470            // display a flat Configuration as a dictionary
    471            out.println();
    472            out.println(padding + "{");
    473            final ImmutableConfiguration config = (ImmutableConfiguration) value;
    474            config.forEach((k, v) -> {
    475                final ImmutableNode node = new ImmutableNode.Builder().name(k).value(v).create();
    476                final InMemoryNodeModel tempModel = new InMemoryNodeModel(node);
    477                printNode(out, indentLevel + 1, node, tempModel.getNodeHandler());
    478                out.println(";");
    479            });
    480            out.println(padding + "}");
    481        } else if (value instanceof Map) {
    482            // display a Map as a dictionary
    483            final Map<String, Object> map = transformMap((Map<?, ?>) value);
    484            printValue(out, indentLevel, new MapConfiguration(map));
    485        } else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
    486            out.print("<" + new String(Hex.encodeHex((byte[]) value)) + ">");
    487        } else if (value instanceof Date) {
    488            out.print(formatDate((Date) value));
    489        } else if (value != null) {
    490            out.print(quoteString(String.valueOf(value)));
    491        }
    492    }
    493
    494    /**
    495     * Quote the specified string if necessary, that's if the string contains:
    496     * <ul>
    497     * <li>a space character (' ', '\t', '\r', '\n')</li>
    498     * <li>a quote '"'</li>
    499     * <li>special characters in plist files ('(', ')', '{', '}', '=', ';', ',')</li>
    500     * </ul>
    501     * Quotes within the string are escaped.
    502     *
    503     * <p>
    504     * Examples:
    505     * </p>
    506     * <ul>
    507     * <li>abcd -> abcd</li>
    508     * <li>ab cd -> "ab cd"</li>
    509     * <li>foo"bar -> "foo\"bar"</li>
    510     * <li>foo;bar -> "foo;bar"</li>
    511     * </ul>
    512     */
    513    String quoteString(String s) {
    514        if (s == null) {
    515            return null;
    516        }
    517
    518        if (s.indexOf(' ') != -1 || s.indexOf('\t') != -1 || s.indexOf('\r') != -1 || s.indexOf('\n') != -1 || s.indexOf('"') != -1 || s.indexOf('(') != -1
    519            || s.indexOf(')') != -1 || s.indexOf('{') != -1 || s.indexOf('}') != -1 || s.indexOf('=') != -1 || s.indexOf(',') != -1 || s.indexOf(';') != -1) {
    520            s = s.replace("\"", "\\\"");
    521            s = "\"" + s + "\"";
    522        }
    523
    524        return s;
    525    }
    526
    527    @Override
    528    public void read(final Reader in) throws ConfigurationException {
    529        final PropertyListParser parser = new PropertyListParser(in);
    530        try {
    531            final PropertyListConfiguration config = parser.parse();
    532            getModel().setRootNode(config.getNodeModel().getNodeHandler().getRootNode());
    533        } catch (final ParseException e) {
    534            throw new ConfigurationException(e);
    535        }
    536    }
    537
    538    @Override
    539    protected void setPropertyInternal(final String key, final Object value) {
    540        // special case for byte arrays, they must be stored as is in the configuration
    541        if (value instanceof byte[]) {
    542            setDetailEvents(false);
    543            try {
    544                clearProperty(key);
    545                addPropertyDirect(key, value);
    546            } finally {
    547                setDetailEvents(true);
    548            }
    549        } else {
    550            super.setPropertyInternal(key, value);
    551        }
    552    }
    553
    554    @Override
    555    public void write(final Writer out) throws ConfigurationException {
    556        final PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(out);
    557        final NodeHandler<ImmutableNode> handler = getModel().getNodeHandler();
    558        printNode(writer, 0, handler.getRootNode(), handler);
    559        writer.flush();
    560    }
    561}