/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.collections4.iterators;

import java.util.Iterator;

import org.apache.commons.collections4.ResettableIterator;

/**
 * Adapter to make an {@link Iterator Iterator} instance appear to be an
 * {@link Iterable Iterable} instance.  The iterable can be constructed in one
 * of two variants:  single use, multiple use.
 *
 * <p>
 * In the single use iterable case, the iterable is only usable for one
 * iterative operation over the source iterator.  Subsequent iterative
 * operations use the same, exhausted source iterator.  To create a single use
 * iterable, construct a new {@link IteratorIterable} using a {@link Iterator}
 * that is NOT a {@link ResettableIterator} iterator:
 * </p>
 *
 * <pre>
 *   Iterator&lt;Integer&gt; iterator = // some non-resettable iterator
 *   Iterable&lt;Integer&gt; iterable = new IteratorIterable&lt;Integer&gt;(iterator);
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>
 * In the multiple use iterable case, the iterable is usable for any number of
 * iterative operations over the source iterator.  Of special note, even though
 * the iterable supports multiple iterations, it does not support concurrent
 * iterations. To implicitly create a multiple use iterable, construct a new
 * {@link IteratorIterable} using a {@link ResettableIterator} iterator:
 * </p>
 *
 * <pre>
 *   Integer[] array = {Integer.valueOf(1),Integer.valueOf(2),Integer.valueOf(3)};
 *   Iterator&lt;Integer&gt; iterator = IteratorUtils.arrayIterator(array); // a resettable iterator
 *   Iterable&lt;Integer&gt; iterable = new IteratorIterable&lt;Integer&gt;(iterator);
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>
 * A multiple use iterable can also be explicitly constructed using any
 * {@link Iterator} and specifying {@code true} for the
 * {@code multipleUse} flag:
 * </p>
 *
 * <pre>
 *   Iterator&lt;Integer&gt; iterator = // some non-resettable iterator
 *   Iterable&lt;Integer&gt; iterable = new IteratorIterable&lt;Integer&gt;(iterator, true);
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param <E> the type of elements returned by this iterator.
 * @since 4.0
 */
public class IteratorIterable<E> implements Iterable<E> {

    /**
     * Factory method to create an {@link Iterator Iterator} from another
     * iterator over objects of a different subtype.
     */
    private static <E> Iterator<E> createTypesafeIterator(final Iterator<? extends E> iterator) {
        return new Iterator<E>() {
            @Override
            public boolean hasNext() {
                return iterator.hasNext();
            }

            @Override
            public E next() {
                return iterator.next();
            }

            @Override
            public void remove() {
                iterator.remove();
            }
        };
    }

    /** The iterator being adapted into an iterable. */
    private final Iterator<? extends E> iterator;

    /** The iterator parameterized as the {@link #iterator()} return type. */
    private final Iterator<E> typeSafeIterator;

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code IteratorIterable} that will use the given
     * iterator.
     *
     * @param iterator the iterator to use.
     */
    public IteratorIterable(final Iterator<? extends E> iterator) {
        this(iterator, false);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code IteratorIterable} that will use the given
     * iterator.
     *
     * @param iterator the iterator to use.
     * @param multipleUse {@code true} if the new iterable can be used in multiple iterations
     */
    public IteratorIterable(final Iterator<? extends E> iterator, final boolean multipleUse) {
        if (multipleUse && !(iterator instanceof ResettableIterator)) {
            this.iterator = new ListIteratorWrapper<>(iterator);
        } else {
            this.iterator = iterator;
        }
        this.typeSafeIterator = createTypesafeIterator(this.iterator);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the iterator wrapped by this iterable.
     *
     * @return the iterator
     */
    @Override
    public Iterator<E> iterator() {
        if (iterator instanceof ResettableIterator) {
            ((ResettableIterator<? extends E>) iterator).reset();
        }
        return typeSafeIterator;
    }
}
