[[xstream-dataformat]]
= XStream DataFormat
:page-source: components/camel-xstream/src/main/docs/xstream-dataformat.adoc

*Since Camel 1.3*

XStream is a Data Format which uses the
http://x-stream.github.io/[XStream library] to marshal and unmarshal
Java objects to and from XML.

To use XStream in your camel routes you need to add the a dependency
on *camel-xstream* which implements this data format.

Maven users will need to add the following dependency to their
`pom.xml` for this component:

[source,xml]
----------------------------------------------------------
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
  <artifactId>camel-xstream</artifactId>
  <version>x.x.x</version>
  <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
----------------------------------------------------------

== Options

// dataformat options: START
The XStream dataformat supports 10 options, which are listed below.



[width="100%",cols="2s,1m,1m,6",options="header"]
|===
| Name | Default | Java Type | Description
| permissions |  | String | Adds permissions that controls which Java packages and classes XStream is allowed to use during unmarshal from xml/json to Java beans. A permission must be configured either here or globally using a JVM system property. The permission can be specified in a syntax where a plus sign is allow, and minus sign is deny. Wildcards is supported by using . as prefix. For example to allow com.foo and all subpackages then specfy com.foo.. Multiple permissions can be configured separated by comma, such as com.foo.,-com.foo.bar.MySecretBean. The following default permission is always included: -,java.lang.,java.util. unless its overridden by specifying a JVM system property with they key org.apache.camel.xstream.permissions.
| encoding |  | String | Sets the encoding to use
| driver |  | String | To use a custom XStream driver. The instance must be of type com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamDriver
| driverRef |  | String | To refer to a custom XStream driver to lookup in the registry. The instance must be of type com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamDriver
| mode |  | String | Mode for dealing with duplicate references The possible values are: NO_REFERENCES ID_REFERENCES XPATH_RELATIVE_REFERENCES XPATH_ABSOLUTE_REFERENCES SINGLE_NODE_XPATH_RELATIVE_REFERENCES SINGLE_NODE_XPATH_ABSOLUTE_REFERENCES
| converters |  | List | List of class names for using custom XStream converters. The classes must be of type com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.Converter
| aliases |  | Map | Alias a Class to a shorter name to be used in XML elements.
| omitFields |  | Map | Prevents a field from being serialized. To omit a field you must always provide the declaring type and not necessarily the type that is converted.
| implicitCollections |  | Map | Adds a default implicit collection which is used for any unmapped XML tag.
| contentTypeHeader | false | Boolean | Whether the data format should set the Content-Type header with the type from the data format if the data format is capable of doing so. For example application/xml for data formats marshalling to XML, or application/json for data formats marshalling to JSon etc.
|===
// dataformat options: END
// spring-boot-auto-configure options: START
== Spring Boot Auto-Configuration

When using Spring Boot make sure to use the following Maven dependency to have support for auto configuration:

[source,xml]
----
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.camel.springboot</groupId>
  <artifactId>camel-xstream-starter</artifactId>
  <version>x.x.x</version>
  <!-- use the same version as your Camel core version -->
</dependency>
----


The component supports 31 options, which are listed below.



[width="100%",cols="2,5,^1,2",options="header"]
|===
| Name | Description | Default | Type
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.allow-jms-type* | Used for JMS users to allow the JMSType header from the JMS spec to specify a FQN classname to use to unmarshal to. | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.allow-unmarshall-type* | If enabled then Jackson is allowed to attempt to use the CamelJacksonUnmarshalType header during the unmarshalling. This should only be enabled when desired to be used. | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.auto-discover-object-mapper* | If set to true then Jackson will lookup for an objectMapper into the registry | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.collection-type-name* | Refers to a custom collection type to lookup in the registry to use. This option should rarely be used, but allows to use different collection types than java.util.Collection based as default. |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.content-type-header* | Whether the data format should set the Content-Type header with the type from the data format if the data format is capable of doing so. For example application/xml for data formats marshalling to XML, or application/json for data formats marshalling to JSon etc. | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.disable-features* | Set of features to disable on the Jackson com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper. The features should be a name that matches a enum from com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature, com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature, or com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.MapperFeature Multiple features can be separated by comma |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.enable-features* | Set of features to enable on the Jackson com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper. The features should be a name that matches a enum from com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature, com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature, or com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.MapperFeature Multiple features can be separated by comma |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.enable-jaxb-annotation-module* | Whether to enable the JAXB annotations module when using jackson. When enabled then JAXB annotations can be used by Jackson. | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.enabled* | Whether to enable auto configuration of the json-xstream data format. This is enabled by default. |  | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.include* | If you want to marshal a pojo to JSON, and the pojo has some fields with null values. And you want to skip these null values, you can set this option to NON_NULL |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.json-view* | When marshalling a POJO to JSON you might want to exclude certain fields from the JSON output. With Jackson you can use JSON views to accomplish this. This option is to refer to the class which has JsonView annotations |  | Class
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.module-class-names* | To use custom Jackson modules com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.Module specified as a String with FQN class names. Multiple classes can be separated by comma. |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.module-refs* | To use custom Jackson modules referred from the Camel registry. Multiple modules can be separated by comma. |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.object-mapper* | Lookup and use the existing ObjectMapper with the given id when using Jackson. |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.permissions* | Adds permissions that controls which Java packages and classes XStream is allowed to use during unmarshal from xml/json to Java beans. A permission must be configured either here or globally using a JVM system property. The permission can be specified in a syntax where a plus sign is allow, and minus sign is deny. Wildcards is supported by using . as prefix. For example to allow com.foo and all subpackages then specfy com.foo.. Multiple permissions can be configured separated by comma, such as com.foo.,-com.foo.bar.MySecretBean. The following default permission is always included: -,java.lang.,java.util. unless its overridden by specifying a JVM system property with they key org.apache.camel.xstream.permissions. |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.pretty-print* | To enable pretty printing output nicely formatted. Is by default false. | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.timezone* | If set then Jackson will use the Timezone when marshalling/unmarshalling. This option will have no effect on the others Json DataFormat, like gson, fastjson and xstream. |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.unmarshal-type-name* | Class name of the java type to use when unarmshalling |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.use-default-object-mapper* | Whether to lookup and use default Jackson ObjectMapper from the registry. | true | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.json-xstream.use-list* | To unarmshal to a List of Map or a List of Pojo. | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.aliases* | Alias a Class to a shorter name to be used in XML elements. |  | Map
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.content-type-header* | Whether the data format should set the Content-Type header with the type from the data format if the data format is capable of doing so. For example application/xml for data formats marshalling to XML, or application/json for data formats marshalling to JSon etc. | false | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.converters* | List of class names for using custom XStream converters. The classes must be of type com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.Converter |  | List
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.driver* | To use a custom XStream driver. The instance must be of type com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamDriver |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.driver-ref* | To refer to a custom XStream driver to lookup in the registry. The instance must be of type com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamDriver |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.enabled* | Whether to enable auto configuration of the xstream data format. This is enabled by default. |  | Boolean
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.encoding* | Sets the encoding to use |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.implicit-collections* | Adds a default implicit collection which is used for any unmapped XML tag. |  | Map
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.mode* | Mode for dealing with duplicate references The possible values are: NO_REFERENCES ID_REFERENCES XPATH_RELATIVE_REFERENCES XPATH_ABSOLUTE_REFERENCES SINGLE_NODE_XPATH_RELATIVE_REFERENCES SINGLE_NODE_XPATH_ABSOLUTE_REFERENCES |  | String
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.omit-fields* | Prevents a field from being serialized. To omit a field you must always provide the declaring type and not necessarily the type that is converted. |  | Map
| *camel.dataformat.xstream.permissions* | Adds permissions that controls which Java packages and classes XStream is allowed to use during unmarshal from xml/json to Java beans. A permission must be configured either here or globally using a JVM system property. The permission can be specified in a syntax where a plus sign is allow, and minus sign is deny. Wildcards is supported by using . as prefix. For example to allow com.foo and all subpackages then specfy com.foo.. Multiple permissions can be configured separated by comma, such as com.foo.,-com.foo.bar.MySecretBean. The following default permission is always included: -,java.lang.,java.util. unless its overridden by specifying a JVM system property with they key org.apache.camel.xstream.permissions. |  | String
|===
// spring-boot-auto-configure options: END
ND


== Using the Java DSL

[source,java]
-----------------------------------------------------------
// lets turn Object messages into XML then send to MQSeries
from("activemq:My.Queue").
  marshal().xstream().
  to("mqseries:Another.Queue");
-----------------------------------------------------------

If you would like to configure the `XStream` instance used by the Camel
for the message transformation, you can simply pass a reference to that
instance on the DSL level.

[source,java]
---------------------------------------------------------
XStream xStream = new XStream();
xStream.aliasField("money", PurchaseOrder.class, "cash");
// new Added setModel option since Camel 2.14
xStream.setModel("NO_REFERENCES");
...

from("direct:marshal").
  marshal(new XStreamDataFormat(xStream)).
  to("mock:marshaled");
---------------------------------------------------------

== XMLInputFactory and XMLOutputFactory

http://x-stream.github.io/[The XStream library] uses the
`javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory` and
`javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory`, you can control which
implementation of this factory should be used.

The Factory is discovered using this algorithm: 
 1. Use the `javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory` ,
`javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory` system property. 
 2. Use the `lib/xml.stream.properties` file in the `JRE_HOME`
directory. 
 3. Use the Services API, if available, to determine the classname by
looking in the `META-INF/services/javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory`,
`META-INF/services/javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory` files in jars
available to the JRE. 
 4. Use the platform default XMLInputFactory,XMLOutputFactory instance.

== How to set the XML encoding in Xstream DataFormat?

You can set the encoding of XML in Xstream DataFormat
by setting the Exchange's property with the key `Exchange.CHARSET_NAME`,
or setting the encoding property on Xstream from DSL or Spring config.

[source,java]
-------------------------------
from("activemq:My.Queue").
  marshal().xstream("UTF-8").
  to("mqseries:Another.Queue");
-------------------------------

== Setting the type permissions of Xstream DataFormat

In Camel, one can always use its own processing step in the route to
filter and block certain XML documents to be routed to the XStream's
unmarhall step. You can
set http://x-stream.github.io/security.html[XStream's type
permissions] to automatically allow or deny the instantiation of certain
types.

The default type permissions setting used by Camel denies all types
except for those from java.lang and java.util packages. This setting can
be changed by setting System property
org.apache.camel.xstream.permissions. Its value is a string of
comma-separated permission terms, each representing a type being allowed
or denied, depending on whether the term is prefixed with '+' (note '+'
may be omitted) or with '-', respectively.

Each term may contain a wildcard character '*'. For example, value
"-*,java.lang.*,java.util.*" indicates denying all types except for
java.lang.* and java.util.* classes. Setting this value to an empty
string "" reverts to the default XStream's type permissions handling
which denies certain blacklisted classes and allow others.

The type permissions setting can be extended at an individual XStream
DataFormat instance by setting its type permissions property.

[source,java]
-------------------------------------------------------------------
    <dataFormats>
        <xstream id="xstream-default" 
                 permissions="org.apache.camel.samples.xstream.*"/>
        ...

-------------------------------------------------------------------
