/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.beam.sdk.io.amqp;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;

import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;
import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.annotations.Experimental;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.coders.Coder;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.coders.SerializableCoder;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.UnboundedSource;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.DoFn;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.PTransform;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.ParDo;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.display.DisplayData;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PBegin;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollection;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PDone;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.message.Message;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.messenger.Messenger;
import org.apache.qpid.proton.messenger.Tracker;
import org.joda.time.Duration;
import org.joda.time.Instant;

/**
 * AmqpIO supports AMQP 1.0 protocol using the Apache QPid Proton-J library.
 *
 * <p>It's also possible to use AMQP 1.0 protocol via Apache Qpid JMS connection factory and the
 * Apache Beam JmsIO.
 *
 * <h3>Binding AMQP and receive messages</h3>
 *
 * <p>The {@link AmqpIO} {@link Read} can bind a AMQP listener endpoint and receive messages. It can
 * also connect to a AMPQ broker (such as Apache Qpid or Apache ActiveMQ).
 *
 * <p>{@link AmqpIO} {@link Read} returns an unbounded {@link PCollection} of {@link Message}
 * containing the received messages.
 *
 * <p>To configure a AMQP source, you have to provide a list of addresses where it will receive
 * messages. An address has the following form: {@code
 * [amqp[s]://][user[:password]@]domain[/[name]]} where {@code domain} can be one of {@code
 * host | host:port | ip | ip:port | name}. NB: the {@code ~} character allows to bind a AMQP
 * listener instead of connecting to a remote broker. For instance {@code amqp://~0.0.0.0:1234} will
 * bind a AMQP listener on any network interface on the 1234 port number.
 *
 * <p>The following example illustrates how to configure a AMQP source:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * pipeline.apply(AmqpIO.read()
 *   .withAddresses(Collections.singletonList("amqp://host:1234")))
 *
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <h3>Sending messages to a AMQP endpoint</h3>
 *
 * <p>{@link AmqpIO} provides a sink to send {@link PCollection} elements as messages.
 *
 * <p>As for the {@link Read}, {@link AmqpIO} {@link Write} requires a list of addresses where to
 * send messages. The following example illustrates how to configure the {@link AmqpIO} {@link
 * Write}:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * pipeline
 *   .apply(...) // provide PCollection<Message>
 *   .apply(AmqpIO.write());
 *
 * }</pre>
 */
@Experimental(Experimental.Kind.SOURCE_SINK)
public class AmqpIO {

  public static Read read() {
    return new AutoValue_AmqpIO_Read.Builder().setMaxNumRecords(Long.MAX_VALUE).build();
  }

  public static Write write() {
    return new AutoValue_AmqpIO_Write();
  }

  private AmqpIO() {}

  /** A {@link PTransform} to read/receive messages using AMQP 1.0 protocol. */
  @AutoValue
  public abstract static class Read extends PTransform<PBegin, PCollection<Message>> {

    @Nullable
    abstract List<String> addresses();

    abstract long maxNumRecords();

    @Nullable
    abstract Duration maxReadTime();

    abstract Builder builder();

    @AutoValue.Builder
    abstract static class Builder {
      abstract Builder setAddresses(List<String> addresses);

      abstract Builder setMaxNumRecords(long maxNumRecords);

      abstract Builder setMaxReadTime(Duration maxReadTime);

      abstract Read build();
    }

    /** Define the AMQP addresses where to receive messages. */
    public Read withAddresses(List<String> addresses) {
      checkArgument(addresses != null, "addresses can not be null");
      checkArgument(!addresses.isEmpty(), "addresses can not be empty");
      return builder().setAddresses(addresses).build();
    }

    /**
     * Define the max number of records received by the {@link Read}. When the max number of records
     * is lower than {@code Long.MAX_VALUE}, the {@link Read} will provide a bounded {@link
     * PCollection}.
     */
    public Read withMaxNumRecords(long maxNumRecords) {
      return builder().setMaxNumRecords(maxNumRecords).build();
    }

    /**
     * Define the max read time (duration) while the {@link Read} will receive messages. When this
     * max read time is not null, the {@link Read} will provide a bounded {@link PCollection}.
     */
    public Read withMaxReadTime(Duration maxReadTime) {
      return builder().setMaxReadTime(maxReadTime).build();
    }

    @Override
    public void populateDisplayData(DisplayData.Builder builder) {
      builder.add(DisplayData.item("addresses", Joiner.on(" ").join(addresses())));
    }

    @Override
    public PCollection<Message> expand(PBegin input) {
      checkArgument(addresses() != null, "withAddresses() is required");

      org.apache.beam.sdk.io.Read.Unbounded<Message> unbounded =
          org.apache.beam.sdk.io.Read.from(new UnboundedAmqpSource(this));

      PTransform<PBegin, PCollection<Message>> transform = unbounded;

      if (maxNumRecords() < Long.MAX_VALUE || maxReadTime() != null) {
        transform = unbounded.withMaxReadTime(maxReadTime()).withMaxNumRecords(maxNumRecords());
      }

      return input.getPipeline().apply(transform);
    }
  }

  private static class AmqpCheckpointMark implements UnboundedSource.CheckpointMark, Serializable {

    private transient Messenger messenger;
    private transient List<Tracker> trackers = new ArrayList<>();

    public AmqpCheckpointMark() {}

    @Override
    public void finalizeCheckpoint() {
      for (Tracker tracker : trackers) {
        // flag as not cumulative
        messenger.accept(tracker, 0);
      }
      trackers.clear();
    }

    // set an empty list to messages when deserialize
    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream stream)
        throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
      trackers = new ArrayList<>();
    }
  }

  private static class UnboundedAmqpSource extends UnboundedSource<Message, AmqpCheckpointMark> {

    private final Read spec;

    public UnboundedAmqpSource(Read spec) {
      this.spec = spec;
    }

    @Override
    public List<UnboundedAmqpSource> split(int desiredNumSplits, PipelineOptions pipelineOptions) {
      // amqp is a queue system, so, it's possible to have multiple concurrent sources, even if
      // they bind the listener
      List<UnboundedAmqpSource> sources = new ArrayList<>();
      for (int i = 0; i < Math.max(1, desiredNumSplits); ++i) {
        sources.add(new UnboundedAmqpSource(spec));
      }
      return sources;
    }

    @Override
    public UnboundedReader<Message> createReader(
        PipelineOptions pipelineOptions, AmqpCheckpointMark checkpointMark) {
      return new UnboundedAmqpReader(this, checkpointMark);
    }

    @Override
    public Coder<Message> getOutputCoder() {
      return new AmqpMessageCoder();
    }

    @Override
    public Coder<AmqpCheckpointMark> getCheckpointMarkCoder() {
      return SerializableCoder.of(AmqpCheckpointMark.class);
    }
  }

  private static class UnboundedAmqpReader extends UnboundedSource.UnboundedReader<Message> {

    private final UnboundedAmqpSource source;

    private Messenger messenger;
    private Message current;
    private Instant currentTimestamp;
    private Instant watermark = new Instant(Long.MIN_VALUE);
    private AmqpCheckpointMark checkpointMark;

    public UnboundedAmqpReader(UnboundedAmqpSource source, AmqpCheckpointMark checkpointMark) {
      this.source = source;
      this.current = null;
      if (checkpointMark != null) {
        this.checkpointMark = checkpointMark;
      } else {
        this.checkpointMark = new AmqpCheckpointMark();
      }
    }

    @Override
    public Instant getWatermark() {
      return watermark;
    }

    @Override
    public Instant getCurrentTimestamp() {
      if (current == null) {
        throw new NoSuchElementException();
      }
      return currentTimestamp;
    }

    @Override
    public Message getCurrent() {
      if (current == null) {
        throw new NoSuchElementException();
      }
      return current;
    }

    @Override
    public UnboundedSource.CheckpointMark getCheckpointMark() {
      return checkpointMark;
    }

    @Override
    public UnboundedAmqpSource getCurrentSource() {
      return source;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean start() throws IOException {
      Read spec = source.spec;
      messenger = Messenger.Factory.create();
      messenger.start();
      for (String address : spec.addresses()) {
        messenger.subscribe(address);
      }
      checkpointMark.messenger = messenger;
      return advance();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean advance() {
      messenger.recv();
      if (messenger.incoming() <= 0) {
        current = null;
        return false;
      }
      Message message = messenger.get();
      Tracker tracker = messenger.incomingTracker();
      checkpointMark.trackers.add(tracker);
      currentTimestamp = new Instant(message.getCreationTime());
      watermark = currentTimestamp;
      current = message;
      return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void close() {
      if (messenger != null) {
        messenger.stop();
      }
    }
  }

  /** A {@link PTransform} to send messages using AMQP 1.0 protocol. */
  @AutoValue
  public abstract static class Write extends PTransform<PCollection<Message>, PDone> {

    @Override
    public PDone expand(PCollection<Message> input) {
      input.apply(ParDo.of(new WriteFn(this)));
      return PDone.in(input.getPipeline());
    }

    private static class WriteFn extends DoFn<Message, Void> {

      private final Write spec;

      private transient Messenger messenger;

      public WriteFn(Write spec) {
        this.spec = spec;
      }

      @Setup
      public void setup() throws Exception {
        messenger = Messenger.Factory.create();
        messenger.start();
      }

      @ProcessElement
      public void processElement(ProcessContext processContext) throws Exception {
        Message message = processContext.element();
        messenger.put(message);
        messenger.send();
      }

      @Teardown
      public void teardown() throws Exception {
        if (messenger != null) {
          messenger.stop();
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
