/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.util;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.instanceOf;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.startsWith;
import static org.hamcrest.collection.IsIterableContainingInAnyOrder.containsInAnyOrder;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyListOf;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError.ErrorInfo;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequest;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpResponse;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpStatusCodes;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.http.LowLevelHttpRequest;
import com.google.api.client.json.GenericJson;
import com.google.api.client.json.Json;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.jackson2.JacksonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.testing.http.HttpTesting;
import com.google.api.client.testing.http.MockHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.testing.http.MockLowLevelHttpRequest;
import com.google.api.client.testing.http.MockLowLevelHttpResponse;
import com.google.api.services.dataflow.model.DataflowPackage;
import com.google.api.services.storage.model.StorageObject;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.channels.Channels;
import java.nio.channels.Pipe;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipInputStream;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.util.PackageUtil.PackageAttributes;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.gcp.options.GcsOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.gcp.util.FastNanoClockAndSleeper;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.gcp.util.GcsUtil;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.gcp.util.GcsUtil.StorageObjectOrIOException;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.extensions.gcp.util.gcsfs.GcsPath;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.FileSystems;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.fs.CreateOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.fs.CreateOptions.StandardCreateOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.fs.ResolveOptions.StandardResolveOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptionsFactory;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.ExpectedLogs;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.testing.RegexMatcher;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.MimeTypes;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v26_0_jre.com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v26_0_jre.com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v26_0_jre.com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v26_0_jre.com.google.common.io.Files;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v26_0_jre.com.google.common.io.LineReader;
import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v26_0_jre.com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
import org.hamcrest.Matchers;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;

/** Tests for {@link PackageUtil}. */
@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
public class PackageUtilTest {
  @Rule public ExpectedLogs logged = ExpectedLogs.none(PackageUtil.class);
  @Rule public TemporaryFolder tmpFolder = new TemporaryFolder();
  @Rule public FastNanoClockAndSleeper fastNanoClockAndSleeper = new FastNanoClockAndSleeper();

  @Mock GcsUtil mockGcsUtil;

  // 128 bits, base64 encoded is 171 bits, rounds to 22 bytes
  private static final String HASH_PATTERN = "[a-zA-Z0-9+-]{22}";
  private CreateOptions createOptions;
  private PackageUtil defaultPackageUtil;

  @Before
  public void setUp() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

    GcsOptions pipelineOptions = PipelineOptionsFactory.as(GcsOptions.class);
    pipelineOptions.setGcsUtil(mockGcsUtil);
    FileSystems.setDefaultPipelineOptions(pipelineOptions);
    createOptions = StandardCreateOptions.builder().setMimeType(MimeTypes.BINARY).build();
    defaultPackageUtil = PackageUtil.withDefaultThreadPool();
  }

  @After
  public void teardown() {
    defaultPackageUtil.close();
  }

  private File makeFileWithContents(String name, String contents) throws Exception {
    File tmpFile = tmpFolder.newFile(name);
    Files.write(contents, tmpFile, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    assertTrue(tmpFile.setLastModified(0)); // required for determinism with directories
    return tmpFile;
  }

  static final GcsPath STAGING_GCS_PATH = GcsPath.fromComponents("somebucket", "base/path/");
  static final String STAGING_PATH = STAGING_GCS_PATH.toString();

  private static PackageAttributes makePackageAttributes(
      File file, @Nullable String overridePackageName) throws IOException {
    PackageAttributes attributes = PackageUtil.PackageAttributes.forFileToStage(file, STAGING_PATH);
    if (overridePackageName != null) {
      attributes = attributes.withPackageName(overridePackageName);
    }
    return attributes;
  }

  @Test
  public void testFileWithExtensionPackageNamingAndSize() throws Exception {
    String contents = "This is a test!";
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", contents);
    PackageAttributes attr = makePackageAttributes(tmpFile, null);
    DataflowPackage target = attr.getDestination();

    assertThat(target.getName(), RegexMatcher.matches("file-" + HASH_PATTERN + ".txt"));
    assertThat(target.getLocation(), equalTo(STAGING_PATH + target.getName()));
    assertThat(attr.getSize(), equalTo((long) contents.length()));
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageNamingWithFileNoExtension() throws Exception {
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file", "This is a test!");
    DataflowPackage target = makePackageAttributes(tmpFile, null).getDestination();

    assertThat(target.getName(), RegexMatcher.matches("file-" + HASH_PATTERN));
    assertThat(target.getLocation(), equalTo(STAGING_PATH + target.getName()));
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageNamingWithDirectory() throws Exception {
    File tmpDirectory = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder");
    DataflowPackage target = makePackageAttributes(tmpDirectory, null).getDestination();

    assertThat(target.getName(), RegexMatcher.matches("folder-" + HASH_PATTERN + ".jar"));
    assertThat(target.getLocation(), equalTo(STAGING_PATH + target.getName()));
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageNamingWithFilesHavingSameContentsAndSameNames() throws Exception {
    File tmpDirectory1 = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder1", "folderA");
    makeFileWithContents("folder1/folderA/sameName", "This is a test!");
    DataflowPackage target1 = makePackageAttributes(tmpDirectory1, null).getDestination();

    File tmpDirectory2 = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder2", "folderA");
    makeFileWithContents("folder2/folderA/sameName", "This is a test!");
    DataflowPackage target2 = makePackageAttributes(tmpDirectory2, null).getDestination();

    assertEquals(target1.getName(), target2.getName());
    assertEquals(target1.getLocation(), target2.getLocation());
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageNamingWithFilesHavingSameContentsButDifferentNames() throws Exception {
    File tmpDirectory1 = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder1", "folderA");
    makeFileWithContents("folder1/folderA/uniqueName1", "This is a test!");
    DataflowPackage target1 = makePackageAttributes(tmpDirectory1, null).getDestination();

    File tmpDirectory2 = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder2", "folderA");
    makeFileWithContents("folder2/folderA/uniqueName2", "This is a test!");
    DataflowPackage target2 = makePackageAttributes(tmpDirectory2, null).getDestination();

    assertNotEquals(target1.getName(), target2.getName());
    assertNotEquals(target1.getLocation(), target2.getLocation());
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageNamingWithDirectoriesHavingSameContentsButDifferentNames()
      throws Exception {
    File tmpDirectory1 = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder1", "folderA");
    tmpFolder.newFolder("folder1", "folderA", "uniqueName1");
    DataflowPackage target1 = makePackageAttributes(tmpDirectory1, null).getDestination();

    File tmpDirectory2 = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder2", "folderA");
    tmpFolder.newFolder("folder2", "folderA", "uniqueName2");
    DataflowPackage target2 = makePackageAttributes(tmpDirectory2, null).getDestination();

    assertNotEquals(target1.getName(), target2.getName());
    assertNotEquals(target1.getLocation(), target2.getLocation());
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadWithLargeClasspathLogsWarning() throws Exception {
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", "This is a test!");
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(
                    createStorageObject(STAGING_PATH, tmpFile.length()))));

    List<String> classpathElements = Lists.newLinkedList();
    for (int i = 0; i < 1005; ++i) {
      String eltName = "element" + i;
      classpathElements.add(eltName + '=' + tmpFile.getAbsolutePath());
    }

    defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(classpathElements, STAGING_PATH, createOptions);
    logged.verifyWarn("Your classpath contains 1005 elements, which Google Cloud Dataflow");
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadWithFileSucceeds() throws Exception {
    Pipe pipe = Pipe.open();
    String contents = "This is a test!";
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", contents);
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));

    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString())).thenReturn(pipe.sink());

    List<DataflowPackage> targets =
        defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
            ImmutableList.of(tmpFile.getAbsolutePath()), STAGING_PATH, createOptions);
    DataflowPackage target = Iterables.getOnlyElement(targets);

    verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
    verify(mockGcsUtil).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);

    assertThat(target.getName(), RegexMatcher.matches("file-" + HASH_PATTERN + ".txt"));
    assertThat(target.getLocation(), equalTo(STAGING_PATH + target.getName()));
    assertThat(
        new LineReader(Channels.newReader(pipe.source(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name())).readLine(),
        equalTo(contents));
  }

  @Test
  public void testStagingPreservesClasspath() throws Exception {
    File smallFile = makeFileWithContents("small.txt", "small");
    File largeFile = makeFileWithContents("large.txt", "large contents");
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));

    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString()))
        .thenAnswer(invocation -> Pipe.open().sink());

    List<DataflowPackage> targets =
        defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
            ImmutableList.of(smallFile.getAbsolutePath(), largeFile.getAbsolutePath()),
            STAGING_PATH,
            createOptions);
    // Verify that the packages are returned small, then large, matching input order even though
    // the large file would be uploaded first.
    assertThat(targets.get(0).getName(), startsWith("small"));
    assertThat(targets.get(1).getName(), startsWith("large"));
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadWithDirectorySucceeds() throws Exception {
    Pipe pipe = Pipe.open();
    File tmpDirectory = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder");
    tmpFolder.newFolder("folder", "empty_directory");
    tmpFolder.newFolder("folder", "directory");
    makeFileWithContents("folder/file.txt", "This is a test!");
    makeFileWithContents("folder/directory/file.txt", "This is also a test!");

    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));
    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString())).thenReturn(pipe.sink());

    defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
        ImmutableList.of(tmpDirectory.getAbsolutePath()), STAGING_PATH, createOptions);

    verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
    verify(mockGcsUtil).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);

    List<String> zipEntryNames = new ArrayList<>();
    try (ZipInputStream inputStream = new ZipInputStream(Channels.newInputStream(pipe.source()))) {
      for (ZipEntry entry = inputStream.getNextEntry();
          entry != null;
          entry = inputStream.getNextEntry()) {
        zipEntryNames.add(entry.getName());
      }
    }

    assertThat(
        zipEntryNames, containsInAnyOrder("directory/file.txt", "empty_directory/", "file.txt"));
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadWithEmptyDirectorySucceeds() throws Exception {
    Pipe pipe = Pipe.open();
    File tmpDirectory = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder");

    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));
    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString())).thenReturn(pipe.sink());

    List<DataflowPackage> targets =
        defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
            ImmutableList.of(tmpDirectory.getAbsolutePath()), STAGING_PATH, createOptions);
    DataflowPackage target = Iterables.getOnlyElement(targets);

    verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
    verify(mockGcsUtil).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);

    assertThat(target.getName(), RegexMatcher.matches("folder-" + HASH_PATTERN + ".jar"));
    assertThat(target.getLocation(), equalTo(STAGING_PATH + target.getName()));
    try (ZipInputStream zipInputStream =
        new ZipInputStream(Channels.newInputStream(pipe.source()))) {
      assertNull(zipInputStream.getNextEntry());
    }
  }

  @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class)
  public void testPackageUploadFailsWhenIOExceptionThrown() throws Exception {
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", "This is a test!");
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));
    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString()))
        .thenThrow(new IOException("Fake Exception: Upload error"));

    try (PackageUtil directPackageUtil =
        PackageUtil.withExecutorService(MoreExecutors.newDirectExecutorService())) {
      directPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
          ImmutableList.of(tmpFile.getAbsolutePath()),
          STAGING_PATH,
          fastNanoClockAndSleeper,
          createOptions);
    } finally {
      verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
      verify(mockGcsUtil, times(5)).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
      verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadFailsWithPermissionsErrorGivesDetailedMessage() throws Exception {
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", "This is a test!");
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));
    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString()))
        .thenThrow(
            new IOException(
                "Failed to write to GCS path " + STAGING_PATH,
                googleJsonResponseException(
                    HttpStatusCodes.STATUS_CODE_FORBIDDEN, "Permission denied", "Test message")));

    try (PackageUtil directPackageUtil =
        PackageUtil.withExecutorService(MoreExecutors.newDirectExecutorService())) {
      directPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
          ImmutableList.of(tmpFile.getAbsolutePath()),
          STAGING_PATH,
          fastNanoClockAndSleeper,
          createOptions);
      fail("Expected RuntimeException");
    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
      assertThat(
          "Expected RuntimeException wrapping IOException.",
          e.getCause(),
          instanceOf(RuntimeException.class));
      assertThat(
          "Expected IOException containing detailed message.",
          e.getCause().getCause(),
          instanceOf(IOException.class));
      assertThat(
          e.getCause().getCause().getMessage(),
          Matchers.allOf(
              Matchers.containsString("Uploaded failed due to permissions error"),
              Matchers.containsString(
                  "Stale credentials can be resolved by executing 'gcloud auth application-default "
                      + "login'")));
    } finally {
      verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
      verify(mockGcsUtil).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
      verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadEventuallySucceeds() throws Exception {
    Pipe pipe = Pipe.open();
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", "This is a test!");
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));
    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString()))
        .thenThrow(new IOException("Fake Exception: 410 Gone")) // First attempt fails
        .thenReturn(pipe.sink()); // second attempt succeeds

    try (PackageUtil directPackageUtil =
        PackageUtil.withExecutorService(MoreExecutors.newDirectExecutorService())) {
      directPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
          ImmutableList.of(tmpFile.getAbsolutePath()),
          STAGING_PATH,
          fastNanoClockAndSleeper,
          createOptions);
    } finally {
      verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
      verify(mockGcsUtil, times(2)).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
      verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadIsSkippedWhenFileAlreadyExists() throws Exception {
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", "This is a test!");
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(
                    createStorageObject(STAGING_PATH, tmpFile.length()))));

    defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
        ImmutableList.of(tmpFile.getAbsolutePath()), STAGING_PATH, createOptions);

    verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadIsNotSkippedWhenSizesAreDifferent() throws Exception {
    Pipe pipe = Pipe.open();
    File tmpDirectory = tmpFolder.newFolder("folder");
    tmpFolder.newFolder("folder", "empty_directory");
    tmpFolder.newFolder("folder", "directory");
    makeFileWithContents("folder/file.txt", "This is a test!");
    makeFileWithContents("folder/directory/file.txt", "This is also a test!");
    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(
                    createStorageObject(STAGING_PATH, Long.MAX_VALUE))));
    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString())).thenReturn(pipe.sink());

    defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
        ImmutableList.of(tmpDirectory.getAbsolutePath()), STAGING_PATH, createOptions);

    verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
    verify(mockGcsUtil).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadWithExplicitPackageName() throws Exception {
    Pipe pipe = Pipe.open();
    File tmpFile = makeFileWithContents("file.txt", "This is a test!");
    final String overriddenName = "alias.txt";

    when(mockGcsUtil.getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class)))
        .thenReturn(
            ImmutableList.of(
                StorageObjectOrIOException.create(new FileNotFoundException("some/path"))));
    when(mockGcsUtil.create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString())).thenReturn(pipe.sink());

    List<DataflowPackage> targets =
        defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
            ImmutableList.of(overriddenName + "=" + tmpFile.getAbsolutePath()),
            STAGING_PATH,
            createOptions);
    DataflowPackage target = Iterables.getOnlyElement(targets);

    verify(mockGcsUtil).getObjects(anyListOf(GcsPath.class));
    verify(mockGcsUtil).create(any(GcsPath.class), anyString());
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockGcsUtil);

    assertThat(target.getName(), equalTo(overriddenName));
    assertThat(
        target.getLocation(), RegexMatcher.matches(STAGING_PATH + "file-" + HASH_PATTERN + ".txt"));
  }

  @Test
  public void testPackageUploadIsSkippedWithNonExistentResource() throws Exception {
    String nonExistentFile =
        FileSystems.matchNewResource(tmpFolder.getRoot().getPath(), true)
            .resolve("non-existent-file", StandardResolveOptions.RESOLVE_FILE)
            .toString();
    assertEquals(
        Collections.EMPTY_LIST,
        defaultPackageUtil.stageClasspathElements(
            ImmutableList.of(nonExistentFile), STAGING_PATH, createOptions));
  }

  /** Builds a fake GoogleJsonResponseException for testing API error handling. */
  private static GoogleJsonResponseException googleJsonResponseException(
      final int status, final String reason, final String message) throws IOException {
    final JsonFactory jsonFactory = new JacksonFactory();
    HttpTransport transport =
        new MockHttpTransport() {
          @Override
          public LowLevelHttpRequest buildRequest(String method, String url) throws IOException {
            ErrorInfo errorInfo = new ErrorInfo();
            errorInfo.setReason(reason);
            errorInfo.setMessage(message);
            errorInfo.setFactory(jsonFactory);
            GenericJson error = new GenericJson();
            error.set("code", status);
            error.set("errors", Arrays.asList(errorInfo));
            error.setFactory(jsonFactory);
            GenericJson errorResponse = new GenericJson();
            errorResponse.set("error", error);
            errorResponse.setFactory(jsonFactory);
            return new MockLowLevelHttpRequest()
                .setResponse(
                    new MockLowLevelHttpResponse()
                        .setContent(errorResponse.toPrettyString())
                        .setContentType(Json.MEDIA_TYPE)
                        .setStatusCode(status));
          }
        };
    HttpRequest request =
        transport.createRequestFactory().buildGetRequest(HttpTesting.SIMPLE_GENERIC_URL);
    request.setThrowExceptionOnExecuteError(false);
    HttpResponse response = request.execute();
    return GoogleJsonResponseException.from(jsonFactory, response);
  }

  private StorageObject createStorageObject(String gcsFilename, long fileSize) {
    GcsPath gcsPath = GcsPath.fromUri(gcsFilename);
    return new StorageObject()
        .setBucket(gcsPath.getBucket())
        .setName(gcsPath.getObject())
        .setSize(BigInteger.valueOf(fileSize));
  }
}
