---
description: Refer to fine-grained access control references
keywords:
  - grafana
  - fine-grained-access-control
  - roles
  - fixed-roles
  - built-in-role-assignments
  - permissions
  - enterprise
title: Fine-grained access control references
weight: 130
---

# Fine-grained access control references

The reference information that follows complements conceptual information about [Roles]({{< relref "./roles.md" >}}).

## Fine-grained access fixed roles

| Fixed roles                            | Permissions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Descriptions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `fixed:roles:reader`                   | `roles:read`<br>`roles:list`<br>`teams.roles:list`<br>`users.roles:list`<br>`users.permissions:list`<br>`roles.builtin:list`                                                                                                                                             | Read all access control roles, roles and permissions assigned to users, teams and built-in role assignments.                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `fixed:roles:writer`                   | All permissions from `fixed:roles:reader` and <br>`roles:write`<br>`roles:delete`<br>`teams.roles:add`<br>`teams.roles:remove`<br>`users.roles:add`<br>`users.roles:remove`<br>`roles.builtin:add`<br>`roles.builtin:remove`                                             | Create, read, update, or delete all roles, assign or unassign roles to users, teams and built-in role assignments.                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `fixed:reports:reader`                 | `reports:read`<br>`reports:send`<br>`reports.settings:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                              | Read all reports and shared report settings.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `fixed:reports:writer`                 | All permissions from `fixed:reports:reader` and <br>`reports.admin:write`<br>`reports:delete`<br>`reports.settings:write`                                                                                                                                                | Create, read, update, or delete all reports and shared report settings.                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `fixed:users:reader`                   | `users:read`<br>`users.quotas:list`<br>`users.authtoken:list`<br>`users.teams:read`                                                                                                                                                                                      | Read all users and their information, such as team memberships, authentication tokens, and quotas.                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `fixed:users:writer`                   | All permissions from `fixed:users:reader` and <br>`users:write`<br>`users:create`<br>`users:delete`<br>`users:enable`<br>`users:disable`<br>`users.password:update`<br>`users.permissions:update`<br>`users:logout`<br>`users.authtoken:update`<br>`users.quotas:update` | Read and update all attributes and settings for all users in Grafana: update user information, read user information, create or enable or disable a user, make a user a Grafana administrator, sign out a user, update a user’s authentication token, or update quotas for all users. |
| `fixed:org.users:reader`               | `org.users:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Read users within a single organization.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `fixed:org.users:writer`               | All permissions from `fixed:org.users:reader` and <br>`org.users:add`<br>`org.users:remove`<br>`org.users.role:update`                                                                                                                                                   | Within a single organization, add a user, invite a user, read information about a user and their role, remove a user from that organization, or change the role of a user.                                                                                                            |
| `fixed:ldap:reader`                    | `ldap.user:read`<br>`ldap.status:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | Read the LDAP configuration and LDAP status information.                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `fixed:ldap:writer`                    | All permissions from `fixed:ldap:reader` and <br>`ldap.user:sync`<br>`ldap.config:reload`                                                                                                                                                                                | Read and update the LDAP configuration, and read LDAP status information.                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `fixed:stats:reader`                   | `server.stats:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Read Grafana instance statistics.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `fixed:settings:reader`                | `settings:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | Read Grafana instance settings.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `fixed:settings:writer`                | All permissions from `fixed:settings:reader` and<br>`settings:write`                                                                                                                                                                                                     | Read and update Grafana instance settings.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `fixed:datasources:explorer`           | `datasources:explore`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Enable the Explore feature. Data source permissions still apply, you can only query data sources for which you have query permissions.                                                                                                                                                |
| `fixed:datasources:reader`             | `datasources:read`<br>`datasources:query`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | Read and query data sources.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `fixed:datasources:writer`             | All permissions from `fixed:datasources:reader` and <br>`datasources:create`<br>`datasources:write`<br>`datasources:delete`                                                                                                                                              | Read, query, create, delete, or update a data source.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `fixed:datasources:id:reader`          | `datasources.id:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Read the ID of a data source based on its name.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `fixed:datasources.permissions:reader` | `datasources.permissions:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | Read data source permissions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `fixed:datasources.permissions:writer` | All permissions from `fixed:datasources.permissions:reader` and <br>`datasources.permissions:write`                                                                                                                                                                      | Create, read, or delete permissions of a data source.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `fixed:licensing:reader`               | `licensing:read`<br>`licensing.reports:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | Read licensing information and licensing reports.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `fixed:licensing:writer`               | All permissions from `fixed:licensing:viewer` and <br>`licensing:update`<br>`licensing:delete`                                                                                                                                                                           | Read licensing information and licensing reports, update and delete the license token.                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `fixed:provisioning:writer`            | `provisioning:reload`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Reload provisioning.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `fixed:organization:reader`            | `orgs:read`<br>`orgs.quotas:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | Read an organization and its quotas.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `fixed:organization:writer`            | All permissions from `fixed:organization:reader` and <br> `orgs:write`<br>`orgs.preferences:read`<br>`orgs.preferences:write`                                                                                                                                            | Read an organization, its quotas, or its preferences. Update organization properties, or its preferences.                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `fixed:organization:maintainer`        | All permissions from `fixed:organization:reader` and <br> `orgs:write`<br>`orgs:create`<br>`orgs:delete`<br>`orgs.quotas:write`                                                                                                                                          | Create, read, write, or delete an organization. Read or write its quotas. This role needs to be assigned globally.                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `fixed:teams:creator`                  | `teams:create`<br>`org.users:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | Create a team and list organization users (required to manage the created team).                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `fixed:teams:writer`                   | `teams:create`<br>`teams:delete`<br>`teams:read`<br>`teams:write`<br>`teams.permissions:read`<br>`teams.permissions:write`                                                                                                                                               | Create, read, update and delete teams and manage team memberships.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `fixed:dashboards:creator`             | `dashboards:create`<br>`folders:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | Create dashboards.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `fixed:dashboards:reader`              | `dashboards:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | Read all dashboards.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `fixed:dashboards:writer`              | All permissions from `fixed:dashboards:reader` and <br>`dashboards:write`<br>`dashboards:edit`<br>`dashboards:delete`<br>`dashboards:create`<br>`dashboards.permissions:read`<br>`dashboards.permissions:write`                                                          | Read, create, update, and delete all dashboards.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `fixed:dashboards.permissions:reader`  | `dashboards.permissions:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Read all dashboard permissions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `fixed:dashboards.permissions:writer`  | All permissions from `fixed:dashboards.permissions:reader` and <br>`dashboards.permissions:write`                                                                                                                                                                        | Read and update all dashboard permissions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `fixed:folders:creator`                | `folders:create`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Create folders.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `fixed:folders:reader`                 | `folders:read`<br>`dashboards:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | Read all folders and dashboards.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `fixed:folders:writer`                 | All permissions from `fixed:dashboards:writer` and <br>`folders:read`<br>`folders:write`<br>`folders:create`<br>`folders:delete`<br>`folders.permissions:read`<br>`folders.permissions:write`                                                                            | Read, create, update, and delete all folders and dashboards.                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `fixed:folders.permissions:reader`     | `folders.permissions:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Read all folder permissions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `fixed:folders.permissions:writer`     | All permissions from `fixed:folders.permissions:reader` and <br>`folders.permissions:write`                                                                                                                                                                              | Read and update all folder permissions.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| `fixed:annotations:reader`             | `annotations:read`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | Read all annotations and annotation tags.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `fixed:annotations.dashboard:writer`   | `annotations:write` <br>`annotations.create`<br> `annotations:delete` for scope `annotations:type:dashboard`                                                                                                                                                             | Create, update and delete dashboard annotations and annotation tags.                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `fixed:annotations:writer`             | `annotations:write` <br>`annotations.create`<br> `annotations:delete` for scope `annotations:type:*`                                                                                                                                                                     | Create, update and delete all annotations and annotation tags.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |

### Alerting roles

If you [enable]({{< relref "../../alerting/unified-alerting/opt-in.md" >}}) Grafana Alerting, you can use predefined roles to manage user access to alert rules, alert instances, and alert notification settings and create custom roles to limit user access to alert rules in a folder.

Access to Grafana alert rules is an intersection of many permissions:

- Permission to read a folder, for example, the fixed role `fixed:folders:reader` or action `folders:read` in the scope of a folder `folders:id:`
- Permission to manage alerts. The following table contains information about alerting fixed roles.
- Permission to query **all** data sources that the rule uses, for example, the fixed role `fixed:datasources:reader` or action `datasources:query` in the scope of `datasources:uid:`.

For more information about the permissions required to access alert rules, refer to [Create a custom role to access alerts in a folder]({{< relref "./usage-scenarios.md#create-a-custom-role-to-access-alerts-in-a-folder" >}}).

| Fixed roles                           | Permissions                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Descriptions                                                                                                                                                  |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `fixed:alerting.rules:reader`         | `alert.rule:read` for scope `folders:*` <br> `alert.rules.external:read` for scope `datasources:*`                                                                                                                  | Read all\* Grafana, Mimir, and Loki alert rules                                                                                                               |
| `fixed:alerting.rules:editor`         | All permissions from `fixed:alerting.rules:reader` and <br> `alert.rule:create` <br> `alert.rule:update` <br> `alert.rule:delete` for scope `folders:*` <br> `alert.rules.external:write` for scope `datasources:*` | Create, update, and delete all\* Grafana, Mimir, and Loki alert rules.                                                                                        |
| `fixed:alerting.instances:reader`     | `alert.instances:read` for organization scope <br> `alert.instances.external:read` for scope `datasources:*`                                                                                                        | Read all alerts and silences in the organization produced by Grafana Alerts and Mimir and Loki alerts and silences.                                           |
| `fixed:alerting.instances:editor`     | All permissions from `fixed:alerting.instances:reader` and<br> `alert.instances:create`<br>`alert.instances:update` for organization scope <br> `alert.instances.external:write` for scope `datasources:*`          | Create, update and expire all silences in the organization produced by Grafana, Mimir, and Loki.                                                              |
| `fixed:alerting.notifications:reader` | `alert.notifications:read` for organization scope<br>`alert.notifications.external:read` for scope `datasources:*`                                                                                                  | Read all Grafana and Alertmanager contact points, templates, and notification policies.                                                                       |
| `fixed:alerting.notifications:editor` | All permissions from `fixed:alerting.notifications:reader` and<br>`alert.notifications:write` for organization scope<br>`alert.notifications.external:read` for scope `datasources:*`                               | Create, update, and delete contact points, templates, mute timings and notification policies for Grafana and external Alertmanager.                           |
| `fixed:alerting:reader`               | All permissions from `fixed:alerting.rules:reader` <br>`fixed:alerting.instances:reader`<br>`fixed:alerting.notifications:reader`                                                                                   | Read-only permissions for all Grafana, Mimir, Loki and Alertmanager alert rules\*, alerts, contact points, and notification policies.                         |
| `fixed:alerting:editor`               | All permissions from `fixed:alerting.rules:editor` <br>`fixed:alerting.instances:editor`<br>`fixed:alerting.notifications:editor`                                                                                   | Create, update, and delete Grafana, Mimir, Loki and Alertmanager alert rules\*, silences, contact points, templates, mute timings, and notification policies. |

## Default built-in role assignments

| Built-in role | Associated role                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | Description                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| ------------- |   | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Grafana Admin | `fixed:roles:reader`<br>`fixed:roles:writer`<br>`fixed:users:reader`<br>`fixed:users:writer`<br>`fixed:org.users:reader`<br>`fixed:org.users:writer`<br>`fixed:ldap:reader`<br>`fixed:ldap:writer`<br>`fixed:stats:reader`<br>`fixed:settings:reader`<br>`fixed:settings:writer`<br>`fixed:provisioning:writer`<br>`fixed:organization:reader`<br>`fixed:organization:maintainer`<br>`fixed:licensing:reader`<br>`fixed:licensing:writer`                                                                                                                      | Default [Grafana server administrator]({{< relref "../../administration/manage-users-and-permissions/about-users-and-permissions.md#grafana-server-administrators" >}}) assignments.            |
| Admin         | `fixed:reports:reader`<br>`fixed:reports:writer`<br>`fixed:datasources:reader`<br>`fixed:datasources:writer`<br>`fixed:organization:writer`<br>`fixed:datasources.permissions:reader`<br>`fixed:datasources.permissions:writer`<br>`fixed:teams:writer`<br>`fixed:dashboards:reader`<br>`fixed:dashboards:writer`<br>`fixed:dashboards.permissions:reader`<br>`fixed:dashboards.permissions:writer`<br>`fixed:folders:reader`<br>`fixes:folders:writer`<br>`fixed:folders.permissions:reader`<br>`fixed:folders.permissions:writer`<br>`fixed:alerting:editor` | Default [Grafana organization administrator]({{< relref "../../administration/manage-users-and-permissions/about-users-and-permissions.md#organization-users-and-permissions" >}}) assignments. |
| Editor        | `fixed:datasources:explorer`<br>`fixed:dashboards:creator`<br>`fixed:folders:creator`<br>`fixed:annotations:writer`<br>`fixed:teams:creator` if the `editors_can_admin` configuration flag is enabled<br>`fixed:alerting:editor`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | Default [Editor]({{< relref "../../administration/manage-users-and-permissions/about-users-and-permissions.md#organization-users-and-permissions" >}}) assignments.                             |
| Viewer        | `fixed:datasources:id:reader`<br>`fixed:organization:reader`<br>`fixed:annotations:reader`<br>`fixed:annotations.dashboard:writer`<br>`fixed:alerting:reader`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Default [Viewer]({{< relref "../../administration/manage-users-and-permissions/about-users-and-permissions.md#organization-users-and-permissions" >}}) assignments.                             |
