    001/*
    002 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    003 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    004 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    005 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    006 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    007 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    008 *
    009 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    010 *
    011 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    012 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    013 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    014 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    015 * limitations under the License.
    016 */
    017
    018package org.apache.commons.configuration2.plist;
    019
    020import java.io.PrintWriter;
    021import java.io.Reader;
    022import java.io.Writer;
    023import java.util.ArrayList;
    024import java.util.Calendar;
    025import java.util.Date;
    026import java.util.HashMap;
    027import java.util.Iterator;
    028import java.util.List;
    029import java.util.Map;
    030import java.util.TimeZone;
    031
    032import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
    033import org.apache.commons.configuration2.BaseHierarchicalConfiguration;
    034import org.apache.commons.configuration2.Configuration;
    035import org.apache.commons.configuration2.FileBasedConfiguration;
    036import org.apache.commons.configuration2.HierarchicalConfiguration;
    037import org.apache.commons.configuration2.ImmutableConfiguration;
    038import org.apache.commons.configuration2.MapConfiguration;
    039import org.apache.commons.configuration2.ex.ConfigurationException;
    040import org.apache.commons.configuration2.tree.ImmutableNode;
    041import org.apache.commons.configuration2.tree.InMemoryNodeModel;
    042import org.apache.commons.configuration2.tree.NodeHandler;
    043import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
    044
    045/**
    046 * NeXT / OpenStep style configuration. This configuration can read and write ASCII plist files. It supports the GNUStep
    047 * extension to specify date objects.
    048 * <p>
    049 * References:
    050 * <ul>
    051 * <li><a href=
    052 * "http://developer.apple.com/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/PropertyLists/OldStylePlists/OldStylePLists.html"> Apple
    053 * Documentation - Old-Style ASCII Property Lists</a></li>
    054 * <li><a href="http://www.gnustep.org/resources/documentation/Developer/Base/Reference/NSPropertyList.html"> GNUStep
    055 * Documentation</a></li>
    056 * </ul>
    057 *
    058 * <p>
    059 * Example:
    060 * </p>
    061 *
    062 * <pre>
    063 * {
    064 *     foo = "bar";
    065 *
    066 *     array = ( value1, value2, value3 );
    067 *
    068 *     data = &lt;4f3e0145ab&gt;;
    069 *
    070 *     date = &lt;*D2007-05-05 20:05:00 +0100&gt;;
    071 *
    072 *     nested =
    073 *     {
    074 *         key1 = value1;
    075 *         key2 = value;
    076 *         nested =
    077 *         {
    078 *             foo = bar
    079 *         }
    080 *     }
    081 * }
    082 * </pre>
    083 *
    084 * @since 1.2
    085 */
    086public class PropertyListConfiguration extends BaseHierarchicalConfiguration implements FileBasedConfiguration {
    087    /** Constant for the separator parser for the date part. */
    088    private static final DateComponentParser DATE_SEPARATOR_PARSER = new DateSeparatorParser("-");
    089
    090    /** Constant for the separator parser for the time part. */
    091    private static final DateComponentParser TIME_SEPARATOR_PARSER = new DateSeparatorParser(":");
    092
    093    /** Constant for the separator parser for blanks between the parts. */
    094    private static final DateComponentParser BLANK_SEPARATOR_PARSER = new DateSeparatorParser(" ");
    095
    096    /** An array with the component parsers for dealing with dates. */
    097    private static final DateComponentParser[] DATE_PARSERS = {new DateSeparatorParser("<*D"), new DateFieldParser(Calendar.YEAR, 4), DATE_SEPARATOR_PARSER,
    098        new DateFieldParser(Calendar.MONTH, 2, 1), DATE_SEPARATOR_PARSER, new DateFieldParser(Calendar.DATE, 2), BLANK_SEPARATOR_PARSER,
    099        new DateFieldParser(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 2), TIME_SEPARATOR_PARSER, new DateFieldParser(Calendar.MINUTE, 2), TIME_SEPARATOR_PARSER,
    100        new DateFieldParser(Calendar.SECOND, 2), BLANK_SEPARATOR_PARSER, new DateTimeZoneParser(), new DateSeparatorParser(">")};
    101
    102    /** Constant for the ID prefix for GMT time zones. */
    103    private static final String TIME_ZONE_PREFIX = "GMT";
    104
    105    /** Constant for the milliseconds of a minute. */
    106    private static final int MILLIS_PER_MINUTE = 1000 * 60;
    107
    108    /** Constant for the minutes per hour. */
    109    private static final int MINUTES_PER_HOUR = 60;
    110
    111    /** Size of the indentation for the generated file. */
    112    private static final int INDENT_SIZE = 4;
    113
    114    /** Constant for the length of a time zone. */
    115    private static final int TIME_ZONE_LENGTH = 5;
    116
    117    /** Constant for the padding character in the date format. */
    118    private static final char PAD_CHAR = '0';
    119
    120    /**
    121     * Creates an empty PropertyListConfiguration object which can be used to synthesize a new plist file by adding values
    122     * and then saving().
    123     */
    124    public PropertyListConfiguration() {
    125    }
    126
    127    /**
    128     * Creates a new instance of {@code PropertyListConfiguration} and copies the content of the specified configuration
    129     * into this object.
    130     *
    131     * @param c the configuration to copy
    132     * @since 1.4
    133     */
    134    public PropertyListConfiguration(final HierarchicalConfiguration<ImmutableNode> c) {
    135        super(c);
    136    }
    137
    138    /**
    139     * Creates a new instance of {@code PropertyListConfiguration} with the given root node.
    140     *
    141     * @param root the root node
    142     */
    143    PropertyListConfiguration(final ImmutableNode root) {
    144        super(new InMemoryNodeModel(root));
    145    }
    146
    147    @Override
    148    protected void setPropertyInternal(final String key, final Object value) {
    149        // special case for byte arrays, they must be stored as is in the configuration
    150        if (value instanceof byte[]) {
    151            setDetailEvents(false);
    152            try {
    153                clearProperty(key);
    154                addPropertyDirect(key, value);
    155            } finally {
    156                setDetailEvents(true);
    157            }
    158        } else {
    159            super.setPropertyInternal(key, value);
    160        }
    161    }
    162
    163    @Override
    164    protected void addPropertyInternal(final String key, final Object value) {
    165        if (value instanceof byte[]) {
    166            addPropertyDirect(key, value);
    167        } else {
    168            super.addPropertyInternal(key, value);
    169        }
    170    }
    171
    172    @Override
    173    public void read(final Reader in) throws ConfigurationException {
    174        final PropertyListParser parser = new PropertyListParser(in);
    175        try {
    176            final PropertyListConfiguration config = parser.parse();
    177            getModel().setRootNode(config.getNodeModel().getNodeHandler().getRootNode());
    178        } catch (final ParseException e) {
    179            throw new ConfigurationException(e);
    180        }
    181    }
    182
    183    @Override
    184    public void write(final Writer out) throws ConfigurationException {
    185        final PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(out);
    186        final NodeHandler<ImmutableNode> handler = getModel().getNodeHandler();
    187        printNode(writer, 0, handler.getRootNode(), handler);
    188        writer.flush();
    189    }
    190
    191    /**
    192     * Append a node to the writer, indented according to a specific level.
    193     */
    194    private void printNode(final PrintWriter out, final int indentLevel, final ImmutableNode node, final NodeHandler<ImmutableNode> handler) {
    195        final String padding = StringUtils.repeat(" ", indentLevel * INDENT_SIZE);
    196
    197        if (node.getNodeName() != null) {
    198            out.print(padding + quoteString(node.getNodeName()) + " = ");
    199        }
    200
    201        final List<ImmutableNode> children = new ArrayList<>(node.getChildren());
    202        if (!children.isEmpty()) {
    203            // skip a line, except for the root dictionary
    204            if (indentLevel > 0) {
    205                out.println();
    206            }
    207
    208            out.println(padding + "{");
    209
    210            // display the children
    211            final Iterator<ImmutableNode> it = children.iterator();
    212            while (it.hasNext()) {
    213                final ImmutableNode child = it.next();
    214
    215                printNode(out, indentLevel + 1, child, handler);
    216
    217                // add a semi colon for elements that are not dictionaries
    218                final Object value = child.getValue();
    219                if (value != null && !(value instanceof Map) && !(value instanceof Configuration)) {
    220                    out.println(";");
    221                }
    222
    223                // skip a line after arrays and dictionaries
    224                if (it.hasNext() && (value == null || value instanceof List)) {
    225                    out.println();
    226                }
    227            }
    228
    229            out.print(padding + "}");
    230
    231            // line feed if the dictionary is not in an array
    232            if (handler.getParent(node) != null) {
    233                out.println();
    234            }
    235        } else if (node.getValue() == null) {
    236            out.println();
    237            out.print(padding + "{ };");
    238
    239            // line feed if the dictionary is not in an array
    240            if (handler.getParent(node) != null) {
    241                out.println();
    242            }
    243        } else {
    244            // display the leaf value
    245            final Object value = node.getValue();
    246            printValue(out, indentLevel, value);
    247        }
    248    }
    249
    250    /**
    251     * Append a value to the writer, indented according to a specific level.
    252     */
    253    private void printValue(final PrintWriter out, final int indentLevel, final Object value) {
    254        final String padding = StringUtils.repeat(" ", indentLevel * INDENT_SIZE);
    255
    256        if (value instanceof List) {
    257            out.print("( ");
    258            final Iterator<?> it = ((List<?>) value).iterator();
    259            while (it.hasNext()) {
    260                printValue(out, indentLevel + 1, it.next());
    261                if (it.hasNext()) {
    262                    out.print(", ");
    263                }
    264            }
    265            out.print(" )");
    266        } else if (value instanceof PropertyListConfiguration) {
    267            final NodeHandler<ImmutableNode> handler = ((PropertyListConfiguration) value).getModel().getNodeHandler();
    268            printNode(out, indentLevel, handler.getRootNode(), handler);
    269        } else if (value instanceof ImmutableConfiguration) {
    270            // display a flat Configuration as a dictionary
    271            out.println();
    272            out.println(padding + "{");
    273
    274            final ImmutableConfiguration config = (ImmutableConfiguration) value;
    275            final Iterator<String> it = config.getKeys();
    276            while (it.hasNext()) {
    277                final String key = it.next();
    278                final ImmutableNode node = new ImmutableNode.Builder().name(key).value(config.getProperty(key)).create();
    279                final InMemoryNodeModel tempModel = new InMemoryNodeModel(node);
    280                printNode(out, indentLevel + 1, node, tempModel.getNodeHandler());
    281                out.println(";");
    282            }
    283            out.println(padding + "}");
    284        } else if (value instanceof Map) {
    285            // display a Map as a dictionary
    286            final Map<String, Object> map = transformMap((Map<?, ?>) value);
    287            printValue(out, indentLevel, new MapConfiguration(map));
    288        } else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
    289            out.print("<" + new String(Hex.encodeHex((byte[]) value)) + ">");
    290        } else if (value instanceof Date) {
    291            out.print(formatDate((Date) value));
    292        } else if (value != null) {
    293            out.print(quoteString(String.valueOf(value)));
    294        }
    295    }
    296
    297    /**
    298     * Quote the specified string if necessary, that's if the string contains:
    299     * <ul>
    300     * <li>a space character (' ', '\t', '\r', '\n')</li>
    301     * <li>a quote '"'</li>
    302     * <li>special characters in plist files ('(', ')', '{', '}', '=', ';', ',')</li>
    303     * </ul>
    304     * Quotes within the string are escaped.
    305     *
    306     * <p>
    307     * Examples:
    308     * </p>
    309     * <ul>
    310     * <li>abcd -> abcd</li>
    311     * <li>ab cd -> "ab cd"</li>
    312     * <li>foo"bar -> "foo\"bar"</li>
    313     * <li>foo;bar -> "foo;bar"</li>
    314     * </ul>
    315     */
    316    String quoteString(String s) {
    317        if (s == null) {
    318            return null;
    319        }
    320
    321        if (s.indexOf(' ') != -1 || s.indexOf('\t') != -1 || s.indexOf('\r') != -1 || s.indexOf('\n') != -1 || s.indexOf('"') != -1 || s.indexOf('(') != -1
    322            || s.indexOf(')') != -1 || s.indexOf('{') != -1 || s.indexOf('}') != -1 || s.indexOf('=') != -1 || s.indexOf(',') != -1 || s.indexOf(';') != -1) {
    323            s = s.replace("\"", "\\\"");
    324            s = "\"" + s + "\"";
    325        }
    326
    327        return s;
    328    }
    329
    330    /**
    331     * Parses a date in a format like {@code <*D2002-03-22 11:30:00 +0100>}.
    332     *
    333     * @param s the string with the date to be parsed
    334     * @return the parsed date
    335     * @throws ParseException if an error occurred while parsing the string
    336     */
    337    static Date parseDate(final String s) throws ParseException {
    338        final Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    339        cal.clear();
    340        int index = 0;
    341
    342        for (final DateComponentParser parser : DATE_PARSERS) {
    343            index += parser.parseComponent(s, index, cal);
    344        }
    345
    346        return cal.getTime();
    347    }
    348
    349    /**
    350     * Returns a string representation for the date specified by the given calendar.
    351     *
    352     * @param cal the calendar with the initialized date
    353     * @return a string for this date
    354     */
    355    static String formatDate(final Calendar cal) {
    356        final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    357
    358        for (final DateComponentParser element : DATE_PARSERS) {
    359            element.formatComponent(buf, cal);
    360        }
    361
    362        return buf.toString();
    363    }
    364
    365    /**
    366     * Returns a string representation for the specified date.
    367     *
    368     * @param date the date
    369     * @return a string for this date
    370     */
    371    static String formatDate(final Date date) {
    372        final Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
    373        cal.setTime(date);
    374        return formatDate(cal);
    375    }
    376
    377    /**
    378     * Transform a map of arbitrary types into a map with string keys and object values. All keys of the source map which
    379     * are not of type String are dropped.
    380     *
    381     * @param src the map to be converted
    382     * @return the resulting map
    383     */
    384    private static Map<String, Object> transformMap(final Map<?, ?> src) {
    385        final Map<String, Object> dest = new HashMap<>();
    386        src.forEach((k, v) -> {
    387            if (k instanceof String) {
    388                dest.put((String) k, v);
    389            }
    390        });
    391        return dest;
    392    }
    393
    394    /**
    395     * A helper class for parsing and formatting date literals. Usually we would use {@code SimpleDateFormat} for this
    396     * purpose, but in Java 1.3 the functionality of this class is limited. So we have a hierarchy of parser classes instead
    397     * that deal with the different components of a date literal.
    398     */
    399    private abstract static class DateComponentParser {
    400        /**
    401         * Parses a component from the given input string.
    402         *
    403         * @param s the string to be parsed
    404         * @param index the current parsing position
    405         * @param cal the calendar where to store the result
    406         * @return the length of the processed component
    407         * @throws ParseException if the component cannot be extracted
    408         */
    409        public abstract int parseComponent(String s, int index, Calendar cal) throws ParseException;
    410
    411        /**
    412         * Formats a date component. This method is used for converting a date in its internal representation into a string
    413         * literal.
    414         *
    415         * @param buf the target buffer
    416         * @param cal the calendar with the current date
    417         */
    418        public abstract void formatComponent(StringBuilder buf, Calendar cal);
    419
    420        /**
    421         * Checks whether the given string has at least {@code length} characters starting from the given parsing position. If
    422         * this is not the case, an exception will be thrown.
    423         *
    424         * @param s the string to be tested
    425         * @param index the current index
    426         * @param length the minimum length after the index
    427         * @throws ParseException if the string is too short
    428         */
    429        protected void checkLength(final String s, final int index, final int length) throws ParseException {
    430            final int len = s == null ? 0 : s.length();
    431            if (index + length > len) {
    432                throw new ParseException("Input string too short: " + s + ", index: " + index);
    433            }
    434        }
    435
    436        /**
    437         * Adds a number to the given string buffer and adds leading '0' characters until the given length is reached.
    438         *
    439         * @param buf the target buffer
    440         * @param num the number to add
    441         * @param length the required length
    442         */
    443        protected void padNum(final StringBuilder buf, final int num, final int length) {
    444            buf.append(StringUtils.leftPad(String.valueOf(num), length, PAD_CHAR));
    445        }
    446    }
    447
    448    /**
    449     * A specialized date component parser implementation that deals with numeric calendar fields. The class is able to
    450     * extract fields from a string literal and to format a literal from a calendar.
    451     */
    452    private static class DateFieldParser extends DateComponentParser {
    453        /** Stores the calendar field to be processed. */
    454        private final int calendarField;
    455
    456        /** Stores the length of this field. */
    457        private final int length;
    458
    459        /** An optional offset to add to the calendar field. */
    460        private final int offset;
    461
    462        /**
    463         * Creates a new instance of {@code DateFieldParser}.
    464         *
    465         * @param calFld the calendar field code
    466         * @param len the length of this field
    467         */
    468        public DateFieldParser(final int calFld, final int len) {
    469            this(calFld, len, 0);
    470        }
    471
    472        /**
    473         * Creates a new instance of {@code DateFieldParser} and fully initializes it.
    474         *
    475         * @param calFld the calendar field code
    476         * @param len the length of this field
    477         * @param ofs an offset to add to the calendar field
    478         */
    479        public DateFieldParser(final int calFld, final int len, final int ofs) {
    480            calendarField = calFld;
    481            length = len;
    482            offset = ofs;
    483        }
    484
    485        @Override
    486        public void formatComponent(final StringBuilder buf, final Calendar cal) {
    487            padNum(buf, cal.get(calendarField) + offset, length);
    488        }
    489
    490        @Override
    491        public int parseComponent(final String s, final int index, final Calendar cal) throws ParseException {
    492            checkLength(s, index, length);
    493            try {
    494                cal.set(calendarField, Integer.parseInt(s.substring(index, index + length)) - offset);
    495                return length;
    496            } catch (final NumberFormatException nfex) {
    497                throw new ParseException("Invalid number: " + s + ", index " + index);
    498            }
    499        }
    500    }
    501
    502    /**
    503     * A specialized date component parser implementation that deals with separator characters.
    504     */
    505    private static class DateSeparatorParser extends DateComponentParser {
    506        /** Stores the separator. */
    507        private final String separator;
    508
    509        /**
    510         * Creates a new instance of {@code DateSeparatorParser} and sets the separator string.
    511         *
    512         * @param sep the separator string
    513         */
    514        public DateSeparatorParser(final String sep) {
    515            separator = sep;
    516        }
    517
    518        @Override
    519        public void formatComponent(final StringBuilder buf, final Calendar cal) {
    520            buf.append(separator);
    521        }
    522
    523        @Override
    524        public int parseComponent(final String s, final int index, final Calendar cal) throws ParseException {
    525            checkLength(s, index, separator.length());
    526            if (!s.startsWith(separator, index)) {
    527                throw new ParseException("Invalid input: " + s + ", index " + index + ", expected " + separator);
    528            }
    529            return separator.length();
    530        }
    531    }
    532
    533    /**
    534     * A specialized date component parser implementation that deals with the time zone part of a date component.
    535     */
    536    private static class DateTimeZoneParser extends DateComponentParser {
    537        @Override
    538        public void formatComponent(final StringBuilder buf, final Calendar cal) {
    539            final TimeZone tz = cal.getTimeZone();
    540            int ofs = tz.getRawOffset() / MILLIS_PER_MINUTE;
    541            if (ofs < 0) {
    542                buf.append('-');
    543                ofs = -ofs;
    544            } else {
    545                buf.append('+');
    546            }
    547            final int hour = ofs / MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
    548            final int min = ofs % MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
    549            padNum(buf, hour, 2);
    550            padNum(buf, min, 2);
    551        }
    552
    553        @Override
    554        public int parseComponent(final String s, final int index, final Calendar cal) throws ParseException {
    555            checkLength(s, index, TIME_ZONE_LENGTH);
    556            final TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone(TIME_ZONE_PREFIX + s.substring(index, index + TIME_ZONE_LENGTH));
    557            cal.setTimeZone(tz);
    558            return TIME_ZONE_LENGTH;
    559        }
    560    }
    561}